Cho \(\sin2a=-\dfrac{5}{9}\) và \(\dfrac{\pi}{2}< a< \pi\)
Tính \(\sin a\) và \(\cos a\)
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Lời giải:
$\sin ^2a+\cos ^2a=1$
$\cos ^2a=1-\sin ^2a=1-(\frac{-5}{13})^2=\frac{144}{169}$
Vì $\pi < a< \frac{3\pi}{2}$ nên $\cos a< 0$
Do đó: $\cos a=-\sqrt{\frac{144}{169}}=\frac{-12}{13}$
$\sin 2a=2\sin a\cos a=2.\frac{-5}{13}.\frac{-12}{13}=\frac{120}{169}$
$\cos 2a=\cos ^2a-\sin ^2a=2\cos ^2a-1=2.\frac{144}{169}-1=\frac{119}{169}$
$\cos a=\cos ^2\frac{a}{2}-\sin ^2\frac{a}{2}$
$=1-2\sin ^2\frac{a}{2}$
$\Leftrightarrow \frac{-12}{13}=1-2\sin ^2\frac{a}{2}$
$\Rightarrow \sin ^2\frac{a}{2}=\frac{25}{26}$
Vì $\pi < a< \frac{3\pi}{2}$ nên $\sin \frac{a}{2}>0$
$\Rightarrow \sin \frac{a}{2}=\frac{5}{\sqrt{26}}$
pi/2<a,b<pi
=>cos a<0; cos b<0; sin a>0; sin b>0
\(cosa=-\sqrt{1-\left(\dfrac{3}{5}\right)^2}=-\dfrac{4}{5};sina=\sqrt{1-\left(-\dfrac{5}{13}\right)^2}=\dfrac{12}{13}\)
tan a=-3/5:4/5=-3/4; tan b=12/13:(-5/13)=-12/5
\(tan\left(a+b\right)=\dfrac{tana+tanb}{1-tana\cdot tanb}\)
\(=\dfrac{-\dfrac{3}{4}+\dfrac{-12}{5}}{1-\dfrac{-3}{4}\cdot\dfrac{-12}{5}}=\dfrac{63}{16}\)
sin(a-b)=sina*cosb-sinb*cosa
\(=\dfrac{3}{5}\cdot\dfrac{-5}{13}-\dfrac{-4}{5}\cdot\dfrac{12}{13}=\dfrac{-15+48}{65}=\dfrac{33}{65}\)
a) Do \(\pi< \alpha< \dfrac{3\pi}{2}\) nên \(sin\alpha< 0;cot\alpha>0;tan\alpha>0\).
Vì vậy: \(sin\alpha=-\sqrt{1-cos^2\alpha}=\dfrac{-\sqrt{15}}{4}\).
\(tan\alpha=\dfrac{sin\alpha}{cos\alpha}=\dfrac{-\sqrt{15}}{4}:\dfrac{-1}{4}=\sqrt{15}\).
\(cot\alpha=\dfrac{1}{tan\alpha}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{15}}\).
b) Do \(\dfrac{\pi}{2}< \alpha< \pi\) nên \(cos\alpha< 0;tan\alpha< 0;cot\alpha< 0\).
\(cos\alpha=-\sqrt{1-sin^2\alpha}=-\dfrac{\sqrt{5}}{3}\);
\(tan\alpha=\dfrac{2}{3}:\dfrac{-\sqrt{5}}{3}=\dfrac{-2}{\sqrt{5}}\); \(cot\alpha=1:tan\alpha=\dfrac{-\sqrt{5}}{2}\).
a) Do \(\pi< \alpha< \dfrac{3\pi}{2}\) nên \(tan\alpha,cot\alpha>0\) và \(sin\alpha,cos\alpha< 0\).
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}tan\alpha-3cot\alpha=6\\tan\alpha cot\alpha=1\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}tan\alpha=6+3cot\alpha\\\left(6+3cot\alpha\right)cot\alpha=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}tan\alpha=6+3cot\alpha\\3cot^2\alpha+6cot\alpha-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}tan\alpha=6+3cot\alpha\\cot\alpha=\dfrac{-3+2\sqrt{3}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}tan\alpha=3+2\sqrt{3}\\cot\alpha=\dfrac{-3+2\sqrt{3}}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\).
Có \(1+tan^2\alpha=\dfrac{1}{cos^2\alpha}\Rightarrow cos^2\alpha=\dfrac{1}{tan^2\alpha+1}\).
Có thể đề sai.
\(\dfrac{\pi}{2}< a< \pi\) => sina > 0, cosa < 0
cos2a = \(\pm\sqrt{1-sin^22a}=\pm\sqrt{1-\left(\dfrac{5}{9}\right)^2}=\pm\dfrac{2\sqrt{14}}{9}\)
Nếu cos2a thì \(\dfrac{2\sqrt{14}}{9}\) thì
sina \(=\sqrt{\dfrac{1-cos2a}{2}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{1-\dfrac{2\sqrt{14}}{9}}{2}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{9-2\sqrt{14}}}{3\sqrt{2}}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{7}-\sqrt{2}\right)^2}}{3\sqrt{2}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{7}-\sqrt{2}}{3\sqrt{2}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{14}-2}{6}\)
Nếu cos2a \(=-\dfrac{2\sqrt{14}}{9}\)
thì sina \(=\sqrt{\dfrac{1cos2a}{2}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{1+\dfrac{2\sqrt{14}}{9}}{2}}=\dfrac{2\sqrt{14}}{6}\)
cosa \(=-\sqrt{\dfrac{1+cos2a}{2}}=-\sqrt{\dfrac{9-2\sqrt{14}}{18}}=\dfrac{2-\sqrt{14}}{6}\)