cho a>b> 0 so sánh x, y với:
x=\(\frac{1+a}{1+a+a^2}\) và y=\(\frac{1+b}{1+b+b^2}\)
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Ta có: \(a>b>0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2>b^2\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+a>b^2+b\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+a+1>b^2+b+1\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^2+a+1}< \frac{1}{b^2+b+1}\)
\(\Rightarrow x< y\)
\(x=\frac{a+1}{a^2+a+1}=1-\frac{a^2}{a+a+1}\)
\(y=\frac{b+1}{1+b+b^2}=1-\frac{b^2}{1+b+b^2}\)
Do \(\frac{a^2}{a^2+a+1}>\frac{b^2}{b^2+b+1}\Rightarrow x< y\)
Ta có A = 2018.2020 + 2019.2021
= (2020 - 2).2020 + 2019.(2019 + 2)
= 20202 - 2.2020 + 20192 + 2.2019
= 20202 + 20192 - 2(2020 - 2019) = 20202 + 20192 - 2 = B
=> A = B
b) Ta có B = 964 - 1= (932)2 - 12
= (932 + 1)(932 - 1) = (932 + 1)(916 + 1)(916 - 1) = (932 + 1)(916 + 1)(98 + 1)(98 - 1)
= (932 + 1)(916 + 1)(98 + 1)(94 + 1)(94 - 1)
= (932 + 1)(916 + 1)(98 + 1)(94 + 1)(92 + 1)(92 - 1)
(932 + 1)(916 + 1)(98 + 1)(94 + 1)(92 + 1).80
mà A = (932 + 1)(916 + 1)(98 + 1)(94 + 1)(92 + 1).10
=> A < B
c) Ta có A = \(\frac{x-y}{x+y}=\frac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}{\left(x+y\right)^2}=\frac{x^2-y^2}{x^2+2xy+y^2}< \frac{x^2-y^2}{x^2+xy+y^2}=B\)
=> A < B
d) \(A=\frac{\left(x+y\right)^3}{x^2-y^2}=\frac{\left(x+y\right)^3}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y\right)}=\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{x-y}=\frac{x^2+2xy+y^2}{x-y}< \frac{x^2-xy+y^2}{x-y}=B\)
=> A < B
1) Tìm GTNN :
Ta có : \(\frac{x}{y+1}+\frac{y}{x+1}=\frac{x^2}{xy+x}+\frac{y^2}{xy+y}\ge\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2xy+\left(x+y\right)}\ge\frac{1}{\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2}+1}=\frac{1}{\frac{1}{2}+1}=\frac{2}{3}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=\frac{1}{2}\)
2) Áp dụng BĐT Svacxo ta có :
\(\frac{a^2}{1+b}+\frac{b^2}{1+c}+\frac{c^2}{1+a}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3+a+b+c}=\frac{9}{6}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
2/ Áp dụng bđt Cô- si cho 2 số dương ta có :
\(\frac{a^2}{1+b}+\frac{1+b}{4}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{a^2}{1+b}\frac{1+b}{4}}=a\)
Tương tự ta có \(\frac{b^2}{1+c}+\frac{1+c}{4}\ge b;\frac{c^2}{1+a}+\frac{1+a}{4}\ge c\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^2}{1+b}+\frac{b^2}{1+c}+\frac{c^2}{1+a}\ge a+b+c-\left(\frac{1+b}{4}+\frac{1+c}{4}+\frac{1+a}{4}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^2}{1+b}+\frac{b^2}{1+c}+\frac{c^2}{1+a}\ge3-\frac{1}{4}\left(a+b+c\right)-\frac{3}{4}=3-\frac{1}{4}.3-\frac{3}{4}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a=b=c=1
1.a) Ta có:
\(\frac{18}{-25}=-\frac{18.12}{25.12}=-\frac{216}{300}< -\frac{213}{300}\)
Vậy \(-\frac{213}{300}>\frac{18}{-25}\)
b) Ta có:
\(0,75>0>-\frac{3}{4}\)
Vậy \(0,75>-\frac{3}{4}\)
2, * Khi a, b cùng dấu thì \(\frac{a}{b}>0\)
* Khi a, b khác dấu thì \(\frac{a}{b}< 0\)
Đây là kiến thức cơ bản !
\(x-y=A=\frac{1+a}{1+a+a^2}-\frac{1+b}{1+b+b^2}=\frac{\left(1+a\right)\left(1+b+b^2\right)-\left(1+b\right)\left(1+a+a^2\right)}{\left(1+a+a^2\right)\left(1+b+b^2\right)}\)
\(A=\frac{\left(1+b+b^2+a+ab+ab^2\right)-\left(1+a+a^2+b+ab+a^2b\right)}{\left(1+a+a^2\right)\left(1+b+b^2\right)}=\frac{ab^2-a^2b}{\left(1+a+a^2\right)\left(1+b+b^2\right)}\)
\(A=\frac{ab\left(b-a\right)}{\left(1+a+a^2\right)\left(1+b+b^2\right)}< 0\) do a>b>0; mẫu>0
Vậy \(x-y< 0\Rightarrow x< y\)