trộn 150 ml dd HCl 3M với 350ml dd HCl 2M. Nồng độ dd sau khi pha trộn là
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\(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,05.0,4=0,02\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl}=0,35.0,2=0,07\left(mol\right)\\ \left[H_2SO_4\right]=\dfrac{0,02}{0,05+0,35}=0,05\left(M\right)\\ \left[HCl\right]=\dfrac{0,07}{0,05+0,35}=0,175\left(M\right)\\ \Rightarrow\left[H^+\right]=0,05.2+0,175.1=0,275\left(M\right)\\ \left[SO^{2-}_4\right]=0,05\left(M\right)\\ \left[Cl^-\right]=0,175\left(M\right)\)
\(b.n_{NaOH\left(tổng\right)}=0,4.0,5+\dfrac{100.1,33.20\%}{40}=0,865\left(mol\right)\\ \left[Na^+\right]=\left[OH^-\right]=\left[NaOH\left(sau\right)\right]=\dfrac{0,865}{0,4+0,1}=1,73\left(M\right)\\ c.n_{HCl}=0,05.0,12=0,006\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HNO_3}=0,15.0,1=0,015\left(mol\right)\\ \left[H^+\right]=\dfrac{0,006+0,015}{0,05+0,15}=0,105\left(M\right)\\ \left[NO^-_3\right]=\dfrac{0,015}{0,05+0,15}=0,075\left(M\right)\\ \left[Cl^-\right]=\dfrac{0,006}{0,05+0,15}=0,03\left(M\right)\)
\(d.n_{H_2SO_4}=0,4.0,05=0,02\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl}=0,35.0,2=0,07\left(mol\right)\\ \left[H^+\right]=\dfrac{0,02.2+0,07}{0,05+0,35}=0,275\left(M\right)\\ \left[SO^{2-}_4\right]=\dfrac{0,02}{0,05+0,35}=0,05\left(M\right)\\ \left[Cl^-\right]=\dfrac{0,07}{0,05+0,35}=0,175\left(M\right)\\ f.n_{KOH}=\dfrac{20.1,31.32\%}{56}=\dfrac{131}{875}\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=0,08.1=0,08\left(mol\right)\\ \left[OH^-\right]=\dfrac{\dfrac{131}{875}+0,08.2}{0,02+0,08}=\dfrac{542}{175}\left(M\right)\\ \left[Ba^{2+}\right]=\dfrac{0,08}{0,02+0,08}=0,8\left(M\right)\)
\(\left[K^+\right]=\dfrac{\dfrac{131}{875}}{0,02+0,08}=\dfrac{262}{175}\left(M\right)\)
\(CM_{HCl\left(sau\right)}=\dfrac{n}{V}=\dfrac{0,1.2+0,2.2}{0,1+0,2}=2M\)
\(n_{H^+}=n_{HCl}=0,03mol\)
\(n_{OH^-}=2n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=0,07mol\)
\(H^+\) + \(OH^-\) \(\rightarrow\) \(H_2O\)
bđ 0,03 0,07
pư 0,03 0,03 0,03
kt 0 0,04 0,03
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\left[OH^-\right]=\dfrac{n_{sau}}{V}=\dfrac{0,04}{1}=0,04M\)
\(n_{HCl\left(0,2M\right)}=0,25.0,2=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}\left(0,4M\right)=0,35.0,4=0,14\left(MOL\right)\)
\(C_{M\left(ddthudc\right)}=\dfrac{0,05+0,14}{0,25+0,35}=0,31667\left(M\right)\)
\(n_{H^+}=n_{HCl}+n_{HCl}=0,15\cdot0,2+0,35\cdot0,04=0,044mol\)
\(C_M=\dfrac{0,044}{0,15+0,35}=\dfrac{0,044}{0,5}=0,088M\)