cho sina=\(\frac{5}{13}\)với \(\frac{\pi}{2}< a< \pi\)tính các giá trị lượng giác cosa,sin2a,cos\(a-\frac{\pi}{3}\)
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b)\(P=cos2a-cos(\dfrac{\pi}{3}-a) \\=2cos^2a-1-cos\dfrac{\pi}{3}cosa-sin\dfrac{\pi}{3}sina \\=2.(\dfrac{-2}{5})^2-1-\dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{-2}{5}-\dfrac{\sqrt3}{2}.\dfrac{-\sqrt{21}}{5} \\=\dfrac{-24+15\sqrt7}{50}\)
a, Vì : \(\pi< a< \dfrac{3\pi}{2}\) nên \(cos\alpha< 0\) mà \(cos^2\alpha=1-sin^2\alpha=1-\dfrac{4}{25}=\dfrac{21}{25},\)
do đó : \(cos\alpha=-\dfrac{\sqrt{21}}{5}\)
từ đó suy ra : \(tan\alpha=\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{21}},cot\alpha=\dfrac{\sqrt{21}}{2}\)
a) \(A = \frac{{\sin \frac{\pi }{{15}}\cos \frac{\pi }{{10}} + \sin \frac{\pi }{{10}}\cos \frac{\pi }{{15}}}}{{\cos \frac{{2\pi }}{{15}}\cos \frac{\pi }{5} - \sin \frac{{2\pi }}{{15}}\sin \frac{\pi }{5}}} = \frac{{\sin \left( {\frac{\pi }{{15}} + \frac{\pi }{{10}}} \right)}}{{\cos \left( {\frac{{2\pi }}{{15}} + \frac{\pi }{5}} \right)}} = \frac{{\sin \frac{\pi }{6}}}{{\cos \frac{\pi }{3}}} = 1\)
b) \(B = \sin \frac{\pi }{{32}}\cos \frac{\pi }{{32}}\cos \frac{\pi }{{16}}\cos \frac{\pi }{8} = \frac{1}{2}\sin \frac{\pi }{{16}}.\cos \frac{\pi }{{16}}.\cos \frac{\pi }{8} = \frac{1}{4}\sin \frac{\pi }{8}.\cos \frac{\pi }{8} = \frac{1}{8}\sin \frac{\pi }{4} = \frac{1}{8}.\frac{{\sqrt 2 }}{2} = \frac{{\sqrt 2 }}{{16}}\;.\)
a) Vì \(0<\alpha <\frac{\pi }{2} \) nên \(\sin \alpha > 0\). Mặt khác, từ \({\sin ^2}\alpha + {\cos ^2}\alpha = 1\) suy ra
\(\sin \alpha = \sqrt {1 - {{\cos }^2}a} = \sqrt {1 - \frac{1}{{25}}} = \frac{{2\sqrt 6 }}{5}\)
Do đó, \(\tan \alpha = \frac{{\sin \alpha }}{{\cos \alpha }} = \frac{{\frac{{2\sqrt 6 }}{5}}}{{\frac{1}{5}}} = 2\sqrt 6 \) và \(\cot \alpha = \frac{{\cos \alpha }}{{\sin \alpha }} = \frac{{\frac{1}{5}}}{{\frac{{2\sqrt 6 }}{5}}} = \frac{{\sqrt 6 }}{{12}}\)
b) Vì \(\frac{\pi }{2} < \alpha < \pi\) nên \(\cos \alpha < 0\). Mặt khác, từ \({\sin ^2}\alpha + {\cos ^2}\alpha = 1\) suy ra
\(\cos \alpha = \sqrt {1 - {{\sin }^2}a} = \sqrt {1 - \frac{4}{9}} = -\frac{{\sqrt 5 }}{3}\)
Do đó, \(\tan \alpha = \frac{{\sin \alpha }}{{\cos \alpha }} = \frac{{\frac{2}{3}}}{{-\frac{{\sqrt 5 }}{3}}} = -\frac{{2\sqrt 5 }}{5}\) và \(\cot \alpha = \frac{{\cos \alpha }}{{\sin \alpha }} = \frac{{-\frac{{\sqrt 5 }}{3}}}{{\frac{2}{3}}} = -\frac{{\sqrt 5 }}{2}\)
c) Ta có: \(\cot \alpha = \frac{1}{{\tan \alpha }} = \frac{1}{{\sqrt 5 }}\)
Ta có: \({\tan ^2}\alpha + 1 = \frac{1}{{{{\cos }^2}\alpha }} \Rightarrow {\cos ^2}\alpha = \frac{1}{{{{\tan }^2}\alpha + 1}} = \frac{1}{6} \Rightarrow \cos \alpha = \pm \frac{1}{{\sqrt 6 }}\)
Vì \(\pi < \alpha < \frac{{3\pi }}{2} \Rightarrow \sin \alpha < 0\;\) và \(\,\,\cos \alpha < 0 \Rightarrow \cos \alpha = -\frac{1}{{\sqrt 6 }}\)
Ta có: \(\tan \alpha = \frac{{\sin \alpha }}{{\cos \alpha }} \Rightarrow \sin \alpha = \tan \alpha .\cos \alpha = \sqrt 5 .(-\frac{1}{{\sqrt 6 }}) = -\sqrt {\frac{5}{6}} \)
d) Vì \(\cot \alpha = - \frac{1}{{\sqrt 2 }}\;\,\) nên \(\,\,\tan \alpha = \frac{1}{{\cot \alpha }} = - \sqrt 2 \)
Ta có: \({\cot ^2}\alpha + 1 = \frac{1}{{{{\sin }^2}\alpha }} \Rightarrow {\sin ^2}\alpha = \frac{1}{{{{\cot }^2}\alpha + 1}} = \frac{2}{3} \Rightarrow \sin \alpha = \pm \sqrt {\frac{2}{3}} \)
Vì \(\frac{{3\pi }}{2} < \alpha < 2\pi \Rightarrow \sin \alpha < 0 \Rightarrow \sin \alpha = - \sqrt {\frac{2}{3}} \)
Ta có: \(\cot \alpha = \frac{{\cos \alpha }}{{\sin \alpha }} \Rightarrow \cos \alpha = \cot \alpha .\sin \alpha = \left( { - \frac{1}{{\sqrt 2 }}} \right).\left( { - \sqrt {\frac{2}{3}} } \right) = \frac{{\sqrt 3 }}{3}\)
\(\frac{sina+sin3a+sin2a}{cosa+cos3a+cos2a}=\frac{2sin2a.cosa+sin2a}{2cos2a.cosa+cos2a}=\frac{sin2a\left(2cosa+1\right)}{cos2a\left(2cosa+1\right)}=\frac{sin2a}{cos2a}=tan2a\)
\(cos^2\left(a-\frac{\pi}{4}\right)-sin^2\left(a-\frac{\pi}{4}\right)=cos\left(2a-\frac{\pi}{2}\right)\)
\(=cos\left(\frac{\pi}{2}-2a\right)=sin2a\)
Vì \(\pi < \alpha < \frac{{3\pi }}{2}\)nên \(\sin \alpha > 0\). Mặc khác, từ \({\sin ^2}\alpha + {\cos ^2}\alpha = 1\) suy ra
\(\sin \alpha = \sqrt {1 - {{\cos }^2}\alpha } = \sqrt {1 - \frac{4}{9}} = \frac{{\sqrt 5 }}{3}\)
Do đó \(\tan \alpha = \frac{{\sin \alpha }}{{\cos \alpha }} = \frac{{\frac{{\sqrt 5 }}{3}}}{{ - \frac{2}{3}}} = - \frac{{\sqrt 5 }}{2};\cot \alpha = \frac{1}{{\tan \alpha }} = \frac{{ - 2}}{{\sqrt 5 }}\)
a) Ta có \({\cos ^2}\alpha + {\sin ^2}\alpha \,\,\, = \,1\)
mà \(\sin \alpha = \frac{{\sqrt {15} }}{4}\) nên \({\cos ^2}\alpha + {\left( {\frac{{\sqrt {15} }}{4}} \right)^2}\,\,\, = \,1 \Rightarrow {\cos ^2}\alpha = \frac{1}{{16}}\)
Lại có \(\frac{\pi }{2} < \alpha < \pi \) nên \(\cos \alpha < 0 \Rightarrow \cos \alpha = - \frac{1}{4}\)
Khi đó \(\tan \alpha = \frac{{\sin \alpha }}{{co{\mathop{\rm s}\nolimits} \alpha }} = - \sqrt {15} ;\cot \alpha = \frac{1}{{\tan \alpha }} = - \frac{1}{{\sqrt {15} }}\)
b)
Ta có \({\cos ^2}\alpha + {\sin ^2}\alpha \,\,\, = \,1\)
mà \(\cos \alpha = - \frac{2}{3}\) nên \({\sin ^2}\alpha + {\left( {\frac{{ - 2}}{3}} \right)^2}\,\,\, = \,1 \Rightarrow {\sin ^2}\alpha = \frac{5}{9}\)
Lại có \( - \pi < \alpha < 0\) nên \(\sin \alpha < 0 \Rightarrow \sin \alpha = - \frac{{\sqrt 5 }}{3}\)
Khi đó \(\tan \alpha = \frac{{\sin \alpha }}{{co{\mathop{\rm s}\nolimits} \alpha }} = \frac{{\sqrt 5 }}{2};\cot \alpha = \frac{1}{{\tan \alpha }} = \frac{2}{{\sqrt 5 }}\)
c)
Ta có \(\tan \alpha = 3\) nên
\(\cot \alpha = \frac{1}{{\tan \alpha }} = \frac{1}{3}\)
\(\frac{1}{{{{\cos }^2}\alpha }} = 1 + {\tan ^2}\alpha \,\,\, = \,1 + {3^2} = 10\,\, \Rightarrow {\cos ^2}\alpha = \frac{1}{{10}}\)
Mà \({\cos ^2}\alpha + {\sin ^2}\alpha \,\,\, = \,1 \Rightarrow {\sin ^2}\alpha = \frac{9}{{10}}\)
Với \( - \pi < \alpha < 0\) thì \(\sin \alpha < 0 \Rightarrow \sin \alpha = - \sqrt {\frac{9}{{10}}} \)
Với \( - \pi < \alpha < - \frac{\pi }{2}\) thì \(\cos \alpha < 0 \Rightarrow \cos \alpha = - \sqrt {\frac{1}{{10}}} \)
và \( - \frac{\pi }{2} \le \alpha < 0\) thì \(\cos \alpha > 0 \Rightarrow \cos \alpha = \sqrt {\frac{1}{{10}}} \)
d)
Ta có \(\cot \alpha = - 2\) nên
\(\tan \alpha = \frac{1}{{\cot \alpha }} = - \frac{1}{2}\)
\(\frac{1}{{{{\sin }^2}\alpha }} = 1 + co{{\mathop{\rm t}\nolimits} ^2}\alpha \,\,\, = \,1 + {( - 2)^2} = 5\,\, \Rightarrow {\sin ^2}\alpha = \frac{1}{5}\)
Mà \({\cos ^2}\alpha + {\sin ^2}\alpha \,\,\, = \,1 \Rightarrow {\cos ^2}\alpha = \frac{4}{5}\)
Với \(0 < \alpha < \pi \) thì \(\sin \alpha > 0 \Rightarrow \sin \alpha = \sqrt {\frac{1}{5}} \)
Với \(0 < \alpha < \frac{\pi }{2}\) thì \(\cos \alpha > 0 \Rightarrow \cos \alpha = \sqrt {\frac{4}{5}} \)
và \(\frac{\pi }{2} \le \alpha < \pi \) thì \(\cos \alpha < 0 \Rightarrow \cos \alpha = - \sqrt {\frac{4}{5}} \)
Câu 4:
Đặt \(x=sina+cosa>0\Rightarrow x^2=\left(sina+cosa\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2=sin^2a+cos^2a+2sina.cosa=1+2.\frac{12}{25}=\frac{49}{25}\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\sqrt{\frac{49}{25}}=\frac{7}{5}\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\left(sinx+cosx\right)\left(sin^2x+cos^2x-sinx.cosx\right)\)
\(P=\frac{7}{5}\left(1-\frac{12}{25}\right)=\frac{91}{125}\)
Câu 5:
\(sina+cosa=m\Rightarrow\left(sina+cosa\right)^2=m^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin^2a+cos^2a+2sina.cosa=m^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1+2sina.cosa=m^2\)
\(\Rightarrow2sina.cosa=m^2-1\)
\(P=\left|sina-cosa\right|\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P^2=\left(sina-cosa\right)^2=sin^2a+cos^2a-2sina.cosa\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P^2=1-2sina.cosa=1-\left(m^2-1\right)=2-m^2\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\sqrt{2-m^2}\)
Câu 1:
Do \(\frac{\pi}{2}< a< \pi\Rightarrow cosa< 0\)
\(sin\left(\pi+a\right)=-sina\Rightarrow-sina=-\frac{1}{3}\Rightarrow sina=\frac{1}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow cosa=-\sqrt{1-sin^2a}=\frac{-2\sqrt{2}}{3}\)
\(P=tan\left(\frac{7\pi}{2}-a\right)=tan\left(3\pi+\frac{\pi}{2}-a\right)=tan\left(\frac{\pi}{2}-a\right)=cota\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\frac{cosa}{sina}=-2\sqrt{2}\)
Câu 2:
\(tan\left(a+\frac{\pi}{4}\right)=\frac{tana+tan\frac{\pi}{4}}{1-tana.tan\frac{\pi}{4}}=\frac{tana+1}{1-tana}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{tana+1}{1-tana}=1\Rightarrow tana+1=1-tana\Rightarrow tana=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{sina}{cosa}=0\Rightarrow sina=0\)
Do \(\frac{\pi}{2}< a< 2\pi\Rightarrow-1\le cosa< 1\)
\(cos^2a=1-sin^2a=1-0=1\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}cosa=-1\\cosa=1\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow P=cos\left(a-\frac{\pi}{6}\right)+sina=cosa.cos\frac{\pi}{6}+sina.sin\frac{\pi}{6}+sina\)
\(P=-1.\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}+0.\frac{1}{3}+0=-\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\)