Cho \(\begin{cases}a+b+c=abc\\\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=2\end{cases}\)
CMR:
\(\dfrac{1}{a^2}+\dfrac{1}{b^2}+\dfrac{1}{c^2}=2\)
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Đặt x = 1/a ; y = 1/b, z = 1/c với x,y,z > 0
đk <=> 1/x + 1/y + 1/z = 1/(xyz)
<=> xy + yz + zx = 1
A = √[yz/(1+x²)] + √[zx/(1+y²)] + √[xy/(1+z²)]
Ta có:
1 + x² = x² + xy + yz + zx = (x+z)(x+y)
=> √[yz/(1+x²)] = √[y/(x+y)] . √[z/(x+z)]
≤ 1/2 . [y/(x+y) + z/(x+z)] (1)
(áp dụng bđt Cosi: √m .√n ≤ 1/2 . (m+n))
Tương tự:
√[xz/(1+y²)] = √[x/(x+y)] . √[z/(y+z)] ≤ 1/2 . [x/(x+y) + z/(y+z)] (2)
√[xy/(1+z²)] = √[y/(z+y)] . √[x/(x+z)] ≤ 1/2 . [y/(z+y) + x/(x+z)] (3)
Cộng vế của (1),(2) và (3) lại ta được:
A ≤ 1/2 . 3 = 3/2
Vậy Max A = 3/2 xảy ra <=> x = y = z = 1/√3 <=> a = b = c = √3
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+\frac{2}{ab}+\frac{2}{bc}+\frac{2}{ca}=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+2\left(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}\right)=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+2.\frac{a+b+c}{abc}=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+2.1=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}=2\)
Chúc bạn học tốt !!!
1.
\(-1\le a\le2\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a+1\ge0\\a-2\le0\end{cases}\Rightarrow\left(a+1\right)\left(a-2\right)\le0\Leftrightarrow a^2\le}2+a\)
Tương tự \(b^2\le2+b,c^2\le2+c\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2\le6+a+b+c=6\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a=2,b=c=-1 và các hoán vị của chúng
Xét \(\frac{a^2+1}{a}=a+\frac{1}{a}\)
Dễ thấy dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=\frac{1}{3}\)
khi đó \(a+\frac{1}{a}=a+\frac{1}{9a}+\frac{8}{9a}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{a.1}{9a}}+\frac{8}{\frac{9.1}{3}}=\frac{10}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{a^2+1}\le\frac{3}{10}\)
tương tự =>đpcm
\(A=\frac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\frac{1}{abc}=\frac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\frac{a+b+c}{abc}=\frac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{ac}+\frac{1}{bc}\)
\(>=\frac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\frac{9}{ab+ac+bc}\)(bđt svacxo)\(=\frac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\frac{1}{ab+ac+bc}+\frac{1}{ab+ac+bc}+\frac{7}{ab+ac+bc}\)
\(>=\frac{9}{a^2+b^2+c^2+ab+ac+bc+ac+ac+bc}+\frac{7}{ab+ac+bc}\)(bđt svacxo)
\(=\frac{9}{a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2ac+2bc}+\frac{7}{ab+ac+bc}=\frac{9}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}+\frac{7}{ab+ac+bc}\)
\(=\frac{9}{1}+\frac{7}{ab+ac+bc}=9+\frac{7}{ab+ac+bc}\)
\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2=a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2ac+2bc>=ab+ac+bc+2ab+2ac+2bc\)
\(=3ab+3ac+3bc=3\left(ab+ac+bc\right)\Rightarrow\frac{1}{3}\left(a+b+c\right)^2=\frac{1}{3}\cdot1=\frac{1}{3}>=ab+ac+bc\Rightarrow ab+ac+bc< =\frac{1}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow9+\frac{7}{ab+ac+bc}>=9+\frac{7}{\frac{1}{3}}=9+7\cdot3=9+21=30\)
\(\Rightarrow A>=30\)dấu = xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
vậy min A là 30 khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
Ta có: \(a+b+c=abc\)
=>\(\frac{a+b+c}{abc}=1\)
=>\(\frac{a}{abc}+\frac{b}{abc}+\frac{c}{abc}=1\)
=>\(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}=1\)
Lại có: \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=2\)
=>\(\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2=2^2\)
=>\(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+2.\left(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}\right)=4\)
=>\(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+2=4\)
=>\(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}=2\)
=>ĐPCM
À thấy rồi, làm nè :
Ta có 1/a^2 + 1/b^2 + 1/c^2
= (1/a + 1/b + 1/c)^2 - 2 (1/ab + 1/ac + 1/bc)
= 4 - 2 (c/abc + b/ abc + a/ abc)
= 4 - 2 (a+b+c)/abc
= 4 - 2abc / abc
= 4 - 2
= 2 (đpcm)