Cho A = 1/22 + 1/22 + 1/32 + ... + 1/502
Chứng minh A < 2
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\(A=\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^3}+\dfrac{1}{3^4}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{99}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{A}{3}=\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^3}+\dfrac{1}{3^4}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}\)
\(\Rightarrow A-\dfrac{A}{3}=\dfrac{2A}{3}=\left(\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{99}}\right)-\left(\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^3}+\dfrac{1}{3^4}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{2A}{3}=\left(\dfrac{1}{3^2}-\dfrac{1}{3^2}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{3^3}-\dfrac{1}{3^3}\right)+...+\left(\dfrac{1}{3^{99}}-\dfrac{1}{3^{99}}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}\right)=\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}\)
\(\Rightarrow2A=3\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\text{A}=\dfrac{1-\dfrac{1}{3^{99}}}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{2.3^{99}}< \dfrac{1}{2}\)
Số số hạng của biểu thức A là: (40-21):1+1=20(số hạng)
Ta có : 1/21>1/40,1/22>1/40,1/23>1/40,...,1/40=1/40
1/21+1/22+1/23+...+1/40>1/40+1/40+1/41+1/40+...+1/40( 20 số 1/40)
A>1/40x20=1/2
A>1/20 (1)
Lại có: 1/21=1/21,1/21>1/22,1/21>1/23,...,1/21>1/40
1/21+1/21+1/21+...+1/21(20 số 1/21)>1/21+1/22+1/23+...+1/40
1/21x20>A
20/21>A.Mà 1>20/21
1>A (2)
Từ (1) và (2) ta có : 1/2<A<1(đpcm)
Vậy bài tôán đđcm
\(\frac{1}{2}=\frac{1}{40}+\frac{1}{40}+....+\frac{1}{40}\)có 20 số hạng \(\)
\(\frac{1}{21}+\frac{1}{22}+....+\frac{1}{40}\)có 20 số hạng
\(\frac{1}{21}>\frac{1}{40}\)
\(\frac{1}{22}>\frac{1}{40}\)
\(.....\)
\(\frac{1}{40}=\frac{1}{40}\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2}< \frac{1}{21}+\frac{1}{22}+.....+\frac{1}{40}\)
\(1=\frac{1}{40}+....+\frac{1}{40}\)có 40 số hạng mà A chỉ có 20 số hạng
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2}< A< 1\)
1.
a.\(A=1+2^1+2^2+2^3+...+2^{2007}\)
\(2A=2+2^2+2^3+....+2^{2008}\)
b. \(A=\left(2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{2008}\right)-\left(1+2^1+2^2+..+2^{2007}\right)\)
\(=2^{2008}-1\) (bạn xem lại đề)
2.
\(A=1+3+3^1+3^2+...+3^7\)
a. \(2A=2+2.3+2.3^2+...+2.3^7\)
b.\(3A=3+3^2+3^3+...+3^8\)
\(2A=3^8-1\)
\(=>A=\dfrac{2^8-1}{2}\)
3
.\(B=1+3+3^2+..+3^{2006}\)
a. \(3B=3+3^2+3^3+...+3^{2007}\)
b. \(3B-B=2^{2007}-1\)
\(B=\dfrac{2^{2007}-1}{2}\)
4.
Sửa: \(C=1+4+4^2+4^3+4^4+4^5+4^6\)
a.\(4C=4+4^2+4^3+4^4+4^5+4^6+4^7\)
b.\(4C-C=4^7-1\)
\(C=\dfrac{4^7-1}{3}\)
5.
\(S=1+2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{2017}\)
\(2S=2+2^2+2^3+2^4+...+2^{2018}\)
\(S=2^{2018}-1\)
4:
a:Sửa đề: C=1+4+4^2+4^3+4^4+4^5+4^6
=>4*C=4+4^2+...+4^7
b: 4*C=4+4^2+...+4^7
C=1+4+...+4^6
=>3C=4^7-1
=>\(C=\dfrac{4^7-1}{3}\)
5:
2S=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^2018
=>2S-S=2^2018-1
=>S=2^2018-1
\(A=\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{50^2}=\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{2.2}+\frac{1}{3.3}+...+\frac{1}{50.50}\)
\(<\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+...+\frac{1}{49.50}=\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{49}-\frac{1}{50}\)
\(=\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{50}=\frac{123}{100}<2\)
Vậy A<2
Ta có:A=1/2^2+(1/2^2+1/3^2+......+1/50^2)
1/2^2<1/1.2
1/3^2<1/2.3
......
1/50^2<1/49.50
=>1/2^2+1/3^2+......+1/50^2<1/1.2+1/2.3+......+1/49.50=1/1-1/2+1/2-1/3+.......+1/49-1/50=1/1-1/50=49/50<1
=> A<1/2^2+1=5/4<8/4=2
Vậy A<2( đpcm)