Phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử:
a. x²-y²-2x-2y
b. 3x²-3y²-2(x-y)²
c. x²-2x-4y²-4y
d. x²-2x-4y²-4y
e. x³-4x²-9x+36
f. a mũ 6-a⁴+2a³+2a²
g. (a+b)³-(a-b)³
h. x³+2x²+2x+1
i. x⁴+2x³-4x-4
j. x³-4x²+12x-27
k. x⁴-2x³+2x-1
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Bài 1:
\(a,=3x\left(3xy+5y-1\right)\\ b,=\left(z-2\right)\left(3z-5\right)\\ c,=\left(x+2y\right)^2-4z^2=\left(x+2y+2z\right)\left(x+2y-2z\right)\\ d,=x^2-3x+5x-15=\left(x-3\right)\left(x+5\right)\)
Bài 2:
\(a,\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-4\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=4\end{matrix}\right.\\ b,\Leftrightarrow2x+2-4x^2-12x=9\\ \Leftrightarrow4x^2+10x+7=0\\ \Leftrightarrow4\left(x^2+\dfrac{5}{2}x+\dfrac{25}{16}\right)+\dfrac{3}{4}=0\\ \Leftrightarrow4\left(x+\dfrac{5}{6}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}=0\left(vô.lí\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow x\in\varnothing\\ c,\Leftrightarrow x^2-12x+36=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-6\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow x=6\)
a) Xem lại đề
b) x³ - 4x²y + 4xy² - 9x
= x(x² - 4xy + 4y² - 9)
= x[(x² - 4xy + 4y² - 3²]
= x[(x - 2y)² - 3²]
= x(x - 2y - 3)(x - 2y + 3)
c) x³ - y³ + x - y
= (x³ - y³) + (x - y)
= (x - y)(x² + xy + y²) + (x - y)
= (x - y)(x² + xy + y² + 1)
d) 4x² - 4xy + 2x - y + y²
= (4x² - 4xy + y²) + (2x - y)
= (2x - y)² + (2x - y)
= (2x - y)(2x - y + 1)
e) 9x² - 3x + 2y - 4y²
= (9x² - 4y²) - (3x - 2y)
= (3x - 2y)(3x + 2y) - (3x - 2y)
= (3x - 2y)(3x + 2y - 1)
f) 3x² - 6xy + 3y² - 5x + 5y
= (3x² - 6xy + 3y²) - (5x - 5y)
= 3(x² - 2xy + y²) - 5(x - y)
= 3(x - y)² - 5(x - y)
= (x - y)[(3(x - y) - 5]
= (x - y)(3x - 3y - 5)
a) \(x^2-2x-4y^2-4y=\left(x^2-2x+1\right)-\left(4y^2+4y+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^2-\left(2y+1\right)^2=\left(x-1-2y-1\right)\left(x-1+2y+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x-2y-3\right)\left(x+2y\right)\)
b) \(x^2-4x^2y^2+y^2+2xy=\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)-4x^2y^2\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)^2-4x^2y^2=\left(x+y-2xy\right)\left(x+y+2xy\right)\)
c) \(x^6-x^4+2x^3+2x^2=\left(x^6+2x^3+1\right)-\left(x^4-2x^2+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x^3+1\right)^2-\left(x^2-1\right)^2=\left(x^3+1-x^2+1\right)\left(x^3+1+x^2-1\right)=x^2\left(x^3-x^2+2\right)\left(x+1\right)\)
d) \(x^3+3x^2+3x+1-8y^3=\left(x+1\right)^3-8y^3=\left(x+1-2y\right)\left(x^2+2x+1+2xy+2y+4y^2\right)\)
a, \(x-2y+x^2-4y^2=\left(x-2y\right)+\left(x-2y\right)\left(x+2y\right)=\left(x-2y\right)\left(1+x+2y\right)\)
b, \(x^2-4x^2y^2+y^2+2xy=\left(x+y\right)^2-\left(2xy\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x+y-2xy\right)\left(x+y+2xy\right)\)
c, \(x^6-x^4+2x^3+2x^2=x^6+2x^3+1-x^4+2x^2-1\)
\(=\left(x^3+1\right)^2-\left(x^2-1\right)^2=\left(x^3-x^2+2\right)\left(x^3+x^2\right)\)
\(=x^2\left(x+1\right)\left(x^3-x^2+2\right)\)
d, \(x^3+3x^2+3x+1-8y^3=\left(x+1\right)^3-\left(2y\right)^3=\left(x+1-2y\right)\left(x+1+2y\right)\)
a) Ta có: \(x-2y+x^2-4y^2\)
\(=\left(x-2y\right)+\left(x-2y\right)\left(x+2y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-2y\right)\left(1+x+2y\right)\)
b: Ta có: \(x^2-4x^2y^2+y^2+2xy\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)^2-\left(2xy\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x+y-2xy\right)\left(x+y+2xy\right)\)
Bài 1.
a) -2x( -3x + 2 ) - ( x + 2 )2
= 6x2 - 4x - ( x2 + 4x + 4 )
= 6x2 - 4x - x2 - 4x - 4
= 5x2 - 8x - 4
b) ( x + 2 )( x2 - 2x + 4 ) - 2( x + 1 )( 1 - x )
= x3 + 8 + 2( x + 1 )( x - 1 )
= x3 + 8 + 2( x2 - 1 )
= x3 + 8 + 2x2 - 2
= x3 + 2x2 + 6
c) ( 2x - 1 )2 - 2( 4x2 - 1 ) + ( 2x + 1 )2
= 4x2 - 4x + 1 - 8x2 + 2 + 4x2 + 4x + 1
= 4
d) x2 - 3x + xy - 3y
= x( x - 3 ) + y( x - 3 )
= ( x - 3 )( x + y )
Bài 2.
a) 4x2 - 4xy + y2 = ( 2x - y )2
b) 9x3 - 9x2y - 4x + 4y
= 9x2( x - y ) - 4( x - y )
= ( x - y )( 9x2 - 4 )
= ( x - y )( 3x - 2 )( 3x + 2 )
c) x3 + 2 + 3( x3 - 2 )
= x3 + 2 + 3x3 - 6
= 4x3 - 4
= 4( x3 - 1 )
= 4( x - 1 )( x2 + x + 1 )
Bài 3.
2( x - 2 ) = x2 - 4x + 4
⇔ ( x - 2 )2 - 2( x - 2 ) = 0
⇔ ( x - 2 )( x - 2 - 2 ) = 0
⇔ ( x - 2 )( x - 4 ) = 0
⇔ x = 2 hoặc x = 4
a: 2x^2y-50xy=2xy(x-25)
b: 5x^2-10x=5x(x-2)
c: 5x^3-5x=5x(x^2-1)=5x(x-1)(x+1)
d: \(x^2-xy+x=x\left(x-y+1\right)\)
e: x(x-y)-2(y-x)
=x(x-y)+2(x-y)
=(x-y)(x+2)
f: 4x^2-4xy-8y^2
=4(x^2-xy-2y^2)
=4(x^2-2xy+xy-2y^2)
=4[x(x-2y)+y(x-2y)]
=4(x-2y)(x+y)
f1: x^2ỹ-y^2+y
=(x-y)(x+y)+(x+y)
=(x+y)(x-y+1)
a: =(a^2-b^2)-(2a-2b)
=(a-b)(a+b)-2(a-b)
=(a-b)(a+b-2)
b: =(3x-3y)+5y(x-y)
=3(x-y)+5y(x-y)
=(x-y)(5y+3)
c: \(=\left(x+y\right)^2\left(x-y\right)+x\left(y-x\right)\)
=(x-y)*(x+y)^2-x(x-y)
=(x-y)[(x+y)^2-x]
d: \(=\left(x-y+4-2x-3y+1\right)\left(x-y+4+2x+3y-1\right)\)
=(-x-4y+5)(3x+2y+3)
e: =16-(x^2-4xy+4y^2)
=16-(x-2y)^2
=(4-x+2y)(4+x-2y)
g: =9x^2-6x+1-(3xy-y)
=(3x-1)^2-y(3x-1)
=(3x-1)(3x-y-1)
h: =(x-y)^3-z^3
=(x-y-z)[(x-y)^2+z(x-y)+z^2]
=(x-y-z)(x^2-2xy+y^2+xz-yz+z^2)
a) \(a^2-b^2-2a+2b\)
\(=\left(a^2-b^2\right)-\left(2a-2b\right)\)
\(=\left(a+b\right)\left(a-b\right)-2\left(a-b\right)\)
\(=\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b-2\right)\)
b) \(3x-3y-5x\left(y-x\right)\)
\(=\left(3x-3y\right)+5x\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=3\left(x-y\right)+5x\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(5x+3\right)\left(x-y\right)\)
c) \(x\left(x+y\right)^2-y\left(x+y\right)^2+xy-x^2\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)^2\left(x-y\right)+\left(xy-x^2\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)^2\left(x-y\right)-x\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+2xy+y^2-x\right)\)
d) \(\left(x-y+4\right)^2-\left(2x+3y-1\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y+4+2x+3y-1\right)\left(x-y+4-2x-3y+1\right)\)
\(=\left(3x+2y+3\right)\left(-x-4y+5\right)\)
a)=x2-2x+1-y2-2y-1
=(x-1)2-(y+1)2
=(x-1+y+1)(x-1-y-1)=(x+y)(x-y-2)
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