Cho B =21+ 22+ 23 +........+230. Chứng minh rằng B chia hết cho 21
Giúp mình nhanh nhé
mình tick
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\(B=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{60}\)
\(=2\left(1+2+2^2\right)+...+2^{58}\left(1+2+2^2\right)\)
\(=7\cdot\left(2+...+2^{58}\right)⋮7\)
Áp dụng hàng đơn vị , chia từng cặp , như vậy mỗi cặp có hàng đơn vị sẽ có dạng 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + ..... + 10 = 55 và sẽ chia hết cho 5 .
Vậy M hoàn toàn chia hết cho 5 .
Tưởng ghi kiểu 2^1 + 2^2 + 2^3 + ... + 2^20 chứ ai dè ra đề bài dễ quá ta XD
Câu 1:
$A=(2+2^2)+(2^3+2^4)+(2^5+2^6)+....+(2^{2019}+2^{2020})$
$=2(1+2)+2^3(1+2)+2^5(1+2)+....+2^{2019}(1+2)$
$=(1+2)(2+2^3+2^5+...+2^{2019})=3(2+2^3+2^5+...+2^{2019})\vdots 3$
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$A=2+(2^2+2^3+2^4)+(2^5+2^6+2^7)+....+(2^{2018}+2^{2019}+2^{2020})$
$=2+2^2(1+2+2^2)+2^5(1+2+2^2)+....+2^{2018}(1+2+2^2)$
$=2+(1+2+2^2)(2^2+2^5+....+2^{2018})$
$=2+7(2^2+2^5+...+2^{2018})$
$\Rightarrow A$ chia $7$ dư $2$.
Câu 2:
$B=(3+3^2)+(3^3+3^4)+....+(3^{2021}+3^{2022})$
$=3(1+3)+3^3(1+3)+...+3^{2021}(1+3)$
$=(1+3)(3+3^3+...+3^{2021})=4(3+3^3+....+3^{2021})\vdots 4$
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$B=(3+3^2+3^3)+(3^4+3^5+3^6)+...+(3^{2020}+3^{2021}+3^{2022})$
$=3(1+3+3^2)+3^4(1+3+3^2)+....+3^{2020}(1+3+3^2)$
$=(1+3+3^2)(3+3^4+...+3^{2020})=13(3+3^4+...+3^{2020})\vdots 13$ (đpcm)
\(A+2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{100}\)
\(=\left(2+2^2\right)+2^2\left(2+2^2\right)+...+2^{98}\left(2+2^2\right)\)
\(=6+2^2.6+...+2^{98}.6=6\left(1+2^2+...+2^{98}\right)⋮6\)
\(A=2+2^2+2^3+2^4+...+2^{100}\)
\(=2\cdot3+...+2^{99}\cdot3\)
\(=6\left(1+...+2^{99}\right)⋮6\)
D= 1+4+42+43+...+458 +459 ⋮ 21
D= (1+4+42)+(43+44+45)+...(457+458+459)
D= (1+4+42)+43.(1+4+42)+...+457.(1+4+42)
D= 21+43.21+....+457.21 ⋮ 21
=>D= 1+4+42+43+...+458 +459 ⋮ 21
Ta có: \(A=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{120}\)
\(=\left(2+2^2+2^3\right)+\left(2^4+2^5+2^6\right)+...+\left(2^{118}+2^{119}+2^{120}\right)\)
\(=14+2^3\cdot14+...+2^{117}\cdot14\)
\(=14\cdot\left(1+2^3+...+2^{117}\right)⋮7\)
Ta có: \(A=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{120}\)
\(=\left(2+2^2+2^3+2^4+2^5\right)+\left(2^6+2^7+2^8+2^9+2^{10}\right)+...+\left(2^{116}+2^{117}+2^{118}+2^{119}+2^{120}\right)\)
\(=62+2^5\cdot62+...+2^{115}\cdot62\)
\(=62\cdot\left(1+2^5+...+2^{115}\right)⋮31\)
Ta có: \(A=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{120}\)
\(=\left(2+2^2+2^3+2^4+2^5+2^6\right)+\left(2^7+2^8+2^9+2^{10}+2^{11}+2^{12}\right)+...+\left(2^{115}+2^{116}+2^{117}+2^{118}+2^{119}+2^{120}\right)\)
\(=126+126\cdot2^6+...+126\cdot2^{114}\)
\(=126\cdot\left(1+2^6+...+2^{114}\right)⋮21\)
Bài làm
B = 21 + 22 + 23 + 24 + 25 + 26 +... + 230
B = ( 21 + 23 + 25 ) + ( 22 + 24 + 26 ) + .... + ( 226 + 228 + 230 )
B = 2( 1 + 22 + 24 ) + 22( 1 + 22 + 24 ) + ... + 226( 1 + 22 + 24 )
B = ( 2 + 24 + 226 )( 1 + 4 + 16 )
B = 21 . ( 2 + 24 + 226 )
Mà 21 chia hết cho 21
=> 21 . ( 2 + 24 + 226 ) chia hết cho 21
Vậy B = 21 + 22 + 23 + ... + 230 chia hết cho 21 (đpcm )
Ta có:
B= 21+22+23+...+230
2B = 22+23+24+...+231
2B - B = 231-2
B = 231-2
Ta lại có:
\(2^6\equiv1\left(mod21\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(2^6\right)^5\cdot2\equiv1^5\cdot2\left(mod21\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow2^{30}\cdot2\equiv1\cdot2\left(mod21\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow2^{31}\equiv2\left(mod21\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow B=2^{31}-2\equiv2-2\left(mod21\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow B\equiv0\left(mod21\right)\)
Vậy B chia hết cho 21.