Rút gọn biểu thức:
D=(x2+x+1)(x2-x+1)(x4-x2+1)(x8-x4+1)
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a) \(\left(x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)\)
\(=x^2-1^2\)
\(=x^2-1\)
b) \(\left(x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2\right)^2-1^2\)
\(=x^4-1\)
c) \(\left(x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)-x^8\)
\(=\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)\left(x^4+1\right)-x^8\)
\(=\left(x^4-1\right)\left(x^4+1\right)-x^8\)
\(=\left(x^4\right)^2-1-x^8\)
\(=x^8-1-x^8\)
\(=-1\)
\(x\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x^4+y^4\right)\left(x^8+y^8\right)\left(x-y\right)+xy^{16}\\ =x\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x^4+y^4\right)\left(x^8+y^8\right)+xy^{16}\\ =x\left(x^2-y^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x^4+y^4\right)\left(x^8+y^8\right)+xy^{16}\\ =x\left(x^4-y^4\right)\left(x^4+y^4\right)\left(x^8+y^8\right)+xy^{16}\\ =x\left(x^8-y^8\right)\left(x^8+y^8\right)+xy^{16}\\ =x\left(x^{16}-y^{16}\right)+xy^{16}\\ =x^{17}-xy^{16}+xy^{16}\\ =x^{17}\)
\(x\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x^4+y^4\right)\left(x^8+y^8\right)\left(x-y\right)+xy^{16}\)
\(=x\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x^4+y^4\right)\left(x^8+y^8\right)+xy^{16}\)
\(=x\left(x^2-y^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x^4+y^4\right)\left(x^8+y^8\right)+xy^{16}\)
\(=x\left(x^4-y^4\right)\left(x^4+y^4\right)\left(x^8+y^8\right)+xy^{16}\)
\(=x\left(x^8-y^8\right)\left(x^8+y^8\right)+xy^{16}\)
\(=x\left(x^{16}-y^{16}\right)+xy^{16}\)
\(=x^{17}-xy^{16}+xy^{16}\)
\(=x^{17}\)
2: \(=\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)}{-\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}=\dfrac{-\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)}{x^2+xy+y^2}\)
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\(D=\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)\left(x^4-x^2+1\right)\left(x^8-x^4+1\right)\)
\(=\left[\left(x^2+1\right)^2-x^2\right]\left(x^4-x^2+1\right)\left(x^8-x^4+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x^4+x^2+1\right)\left(x^4-x^2+1\right)\cdot\left(x^8-x^4+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x^8+2x^4+1-x^4\right)\left(x^8-x^4+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x^8+1\right)^2-x^8\)
\(=x^{16}+x^8+1\)
1: \(=\dfrac{x-1}{x^2+x+1}+\dfrac{x+1}{x-1}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2-2x+1+x^3+x^2+x^2+x+x+1}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^3+3x^2+2}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)
2: \(=\dfrac{\left(x^2-y^2\right)^2}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}=\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)^2}{x^2+xy+y^2}\)
D=(x2+x+1)(x2-x+1)(x4-x2+1)(x8-x4+1)
\(=\left(\left(x^2+1\right)^2-x^2\right)\left(x^4-x^2+1\right)\left(x^8-x^4+1\right).\)
\(=\left(x^4+x^2+1\right)\left(x^4-x^2+1\right)\left(x^8-x^4+1\right).\)
\(=\left(\left(x^4+1\right)^2-x^4\right)\left(x^8-x^4+1\right).\)
\(=\left(x^8+x^4+1\right)\left(x^8-x^4+1\right)=\left(x^8+1\right)-x^8=x^{16}+x^8 +1\)