Chứng minh rằng
\(1+\frac{2}{2}+\frac{3}{2^2}+\frac{4}{2^3}+...+\frac{2015}{2^{2014}}\)<4
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Bài này trước tiên ta phải đi chứng minh công thức:
\(\frac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}}< 2\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)\)
Xong áp dụng là ra thui.
\(ĐặtA=\frac{3}{2^2}+\frac{4}{2^3}+...+\frac{2014}{2^{2013}}+\frac{2015}{2^{2014}}\)
\(2A=\frac{3}{2}+\frac{4}{2^2}+...+\frac{2014}{2^{2012}}+\frac{2015}{2^{2013}}\)
\(2A-A=\left(\frac{3}{2}+\frac{4}{2^2}+...+\frac{2014}{2^{2012}}+\frac{2015}{2^{2013}}\right)-\left(\frac{3}{2^2}+\frac{4}{2^3}+...+\frac{2014}{2^{2013}}+\frac{2015}{2^{2014}}\right)\)
\(A=\frac{3}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{2^3}+...+\frac{1}{2^{2012}}+\frac{1}{2^{2013}}-\frac{2015}{2^{2014}}\)
\(2A=3+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+...+\frac{1}{2^{2011}}+\frac{1}{2^{2012}}-\frac{2015}{2^{2013}}\)
\(2A-A=\left(3+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+...+\frac{1}{2^{2011}}+\frac{1}{2^{2012}}-\frac{2015}{2^{2013}}\right)-\left(\frac{3}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{2^3}+...+\frac{1}{2^{2012}}+\frac{1}{2^{2013}}-\frac{2015}{2^{2014}}\right)\)
\(A=3+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{2015}{2^{2013}}-\frac{3}{2}-\frac{1}{2^{2013}}+\frac{2015}{2^{2014}}\)
\(A=2-\frac{2015}{2^{2013}}-\frac{1}{2^{2013}}+\frac{2015}{2^{2014}}\)
\(A=2-\frac{4030}{2^{2014}}-\frac{2}{2^{2014}}+\frac{2015}{2^{2014}}\)
\(A=2-\frac{4032}{2^{2014}}+\frac{2015}{2^{2014}}\)
\(A=2-\frac{2017}{2^{2014}}< 2\)
=> đpcm
Bài này dễ thôi mà nhưng mình chỉ gợi ý thôi nhé! Bạn phải đổi phần mẫu số ra đã nhé ! *CỐ LÊN*
gọi dãy số trên là A
ta có A<\(\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{2013.2014}\)
A<1-\(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2013}-\frac{1}{2014}\)
A<1-\(\frac{1}{2014}\)=\(\frac{2013}{2014}\)
Vậy A < \(\frac{2013}{2014}\)
\(\frac{1}{2^2}+\)\(\frac{1}{3^2}+\)\(\frac{1}{4^2}+\)...+\(\frac{1}{2015^2}+\)\(\frac{1}{2015}\)
<\(\frac{1}{1.2}+\)\(\frac{1}{3.4}+\)\(\frac{1}{4.5}+\)...+\(\frac{1}{2014.2015}\)+\(\frac{1}{2015}\)
Ta có:\(\frac{1}{1.2}+\)\(\frac{1}{3.4}+\)\(\frac{1}{4.5}+\)...+\(\frac{1}{2014.2015}\)+\(\frac{1}{2015}\)
\(1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{5}+...+\frac{1}{2014}-\frac{1}{2015}+\frac{1}{2015}\)
=1
=>\(\frac{1}{2^2}+\)\(\frac{1}{3^2}+\)\(\frac{1}{4^2}+\)...+\(\frac{1}{2015^2}+\)\(\frac{1}{2015}\) \(<1\)
Ta có : \(\frac{1}{2^2}<\frac{1}{1.2};\frac{1}{3^2}<\frac{1}{2.3};\frac{1}{4^2}<\frac{1}{3.4};...;\frac{1}{2015^2}<\frac{1}{2014.2015}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{2015^2}<\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{2014.2015}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{2015^2}<\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2014}-\frac{1}{2015}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{2015^2}<\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{2015}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{2015^2}+\frac{1}{2015}<1\)(đpcm)
=>4.S=1+2/4 +3/42+....+2014/42013
=>3.S=1+1/4+1/42+...+1/42013-2014/42014
=>12.S=4+1+1/4+......+1/42012-2014/42013
=>9.S=4-2014/42013-1/42013+2014/42014
=>9.S=4-(2015/42013-2014/42014) mà 2015/42013-2014/42014>0
=>9.S<4
=>S<4/9
=S<4/8
=>S<1/2
=>S<0,5
Vậy S<0,5 (ĐPCM)
\(\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{2015^2}+\frac{1}{2016^2}< \frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{2014.2015}+\frac{1}{2015.2016}\)
\(< 1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2014}-\frac{1}{2015}+\frac{1}{2015}-\frac{1}{2016}\)
\(< 1-\frac{1}{2016}< 1\left(đpcm\right)\)