tìm x,y biết :a) xy-2x+y=13 (x,y thuộc Z) b) x2 +3x+xy+2y=5
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a) \(xy+x+2y=5\\ \Rightarrow y\left(x+2\right)+x+2=5+2\\ \Rightarrow\left(x+2\right)\left(y+1\right)=7\)
Ta xét bảng:
x+2 | 1 | 7 | -1 | -7 |
x | -1 | 5 | -3 | -9 |
y+1 | 7 | 1 | -7 | -1 |
y | 6 | 0 | -8 | -2 |
Vậy \(\left(x;y\right)\in\left\{\left(-1;6\right);\left(5;0\right);\left(-3;-8\right);\left(-9;-2\right)\right\}\)
b) \(xy-3x-y=0\\ \Rightarrow x\left(y-3\right)-y+3=3\\ \Rightarrow\left(y-3\right)\left(x-1\right)=3\)
Ta xét bảng:
x-1 | 1 | 3 | -1 | -3 |
x | 2 | 4 | 0 | -2 |
y-3 | 3 | 1 | -3 | -1 |
y | 6 | 4 | 0 | 2 |
Vậy \(\left(x;y\right)\in\left\{\left(2;6\right);\left(4;4\right);\left(0;0\right);\left(-2;2\right)\right\}\)
c) \(xy+2x+2y=-16\\ \Rightarrow x\left(y+2\right)+2y+4=-12\\ \Rightarrow\left(y+2\right)\left(x+2\right)=-12\)
Ta xét bảng:
x+2 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 6 | 12 | -1 | -2 | -3 | -4 | -6 | -12 |
x | -1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 10 | -3 | -4 | -5 | -6 | -8 | -14 |
y+2 | -12 | -6 | -4 | -3 | -2 | -1 | 12 | 6 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 |
y | -14 | -8 | -6 | -5 | -4 | -3 | 10 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 0 | -1 |
Vậy \(\left(x;y\right)\in\left\{\left(-1;-14\right);\left(0;-8\right);\left(1;-6\right);\left(2;-5\right);\left(4;-4\right);\left(10;-3\right);\left(-3;10\right);\left(-4;4\right);\left(-5;2\right);\left(-6;1\right);\left(-8;0\right);\left(-14;-1\right)\right\}\)
a) \(xy+3x-2y-11=0\)
\(x\left(y+3\right)-2y-6-5=0\)
\(x\left(y+3\right)-2\left(y+3\right)=5\)
\(\left(x-2\right)\left(y+3\right)=5\)
\(x-2;y+3\in U\left(5\right)\)
x-2 | 1 | -1 | 5 | -5 |
y+3 | 5 | -5 | 1 | -1 |
x | 3 | 1 | 7 | -3 |
y | 2 | -8 | -2 | -4 |
b) \(xy+2x+y+11=0\)
\(x\left(y+2\right)+y+2+9=0\)
\(x\left(y+2\right)+\left(y+2\right)=-9\)
\(\left(x+1\right)\left(y+2\right)=-9\)
\(x+1;y+2\in U\left(-9\right)\)
x+1 | 1 | -1 | 3 | -3 | 9 | -9 |
y+2 | -9 | 9 | -3 | 3 | -1 | 1 |
x | 0 | -2 | 2 | -4 | 8 | -10 |
y | -11 | 7 | -5 | 1 | -3 | -1 |
a) $xy+3x-2y-11=0$$x\left(y+3\right)-2y-6-5=0$$x\left(y+3\right)-2\left(y+3\right)=5$$\left(x-2\right)\left(y+3\right)=5$$x-2;y+3\in U\left(5\right)$
b) $xy+2x+y+11=0$
$x\left(y+2\right)+y+2+9=0$$x\left(y+2\right)+\left(y+2\right)=-9$$\left(x+1\right)\left(y+2\right)=-9$$x+1;y+2\in U\left(-9\right)$
x-2 | 1 | -1 | 5 | -5 | ||
y+3 | 5 | -5 | 1 | -1 | ||
x | 3 | 1 | 7 | -3 | ||
y | 2 | -8 | -2 | -4 | ||
x+1 | 1 | -1 | 3 | -3 | 9 | -9 |
y+2 | -9 | 9 | -3 | 3 | -1 | 1 |
x | 0 | -2 | 2 | -4 | 8 | -10 |
y | -11 | 7 | -5 | 1 |
Bài 2:
a: \(3x^2-3xy=3x\left(x-y\right)\)
b: \(x^2-4y^2=\left(x-2y\right)\left(x+2y\right)\)
c: \(3x-3y+xy-y^2=\left(x-y\right)\left(3+y\right)\)
d: \(x^2-y^2+2y-1=\left(x-y+1\right)\left(x+y-1\right)\)
\(a)xy+3x-2y=11\)
\(\Leftrightarrow xy+3x-2y-6=5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(y+3\right)-2\left(y+3\right)=5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(y+3\right)\left(x-2\right)=5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}y+3=-1\\x-2=-5\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}y=-4\\x=-3\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}y+3=1\\x-2=5\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}y=-2\\x=7\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}y+3=-5\\x-2=-1\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}y=-8\\x=1\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}y+3=5\\x-2=1\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}y=2\\x=3\end{cases}}\)
\(b)2x^2-2xy+x-y=12\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x\left(x-y\right)+\left(x-y\right)=12\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)\left(2x+1\right)=12\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-y\right);\left(2x+1\right)\inƯ\left(12\right)\)
\(\RightarrowƯ\left(12\right)\in\left\{-1;1;-2;2;-3;3;-4;4;-6;6;-12;12\right\}\)
Vì 2x+1 luôn lẻ
\(\Rightarrow2x+1\in\left\{-1;1;-3;3\right\}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}2x+1=-1\\x-y=-12\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-1\\y=11\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}2x+1=1\\x-y=12\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=0\\y=-12\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}2x+1=-3\\x-y=-4\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-2\\y=2\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}2x+1=3\\x-y=4\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=-3\end{cases}}\)
Ta có : xy - 3x + y =3
x(y - 3) + y - 3 = 0
(y - 3)(x+1) = 0
=> y - 3 = 0 hoặc x + 1 = 0
Còn lại bạn tự giải nhé
a/
$xy-2x+y=13$
$\Rightarrow x(y-2)+(y-2)=11$
$\Rightarrow (y-2)(x+1)=11$
Với $x,y$ là số nguyên thì $x+1, y-2$ cũng là số nguyên. Mà tích của chúng bằng $11$ nên ta xét các TH sau:
TH1: $x+1=1, y-2=11\Rightarrow x=0; y=13$
TH2: $x+1=-1, y-2=-11\Rightarrow x=-2; y=-9$
TH3: $x+1=11, y-2=1\Rightarrow x=10; y=3$
TH4: $x+1=-11, y-2=-1\Rightarrow x=-12; y=1$
Câu b bạn xem lại đề. $2y$ hay $3y$ vậy bạn?