Tìm số tự nhiên n biết rằng
\(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{6}+\frac{1}{10}+...+\frac{2}{n\left(n+1\right)}\)=\(\frac{2010}{2011}\)
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Ta có : \(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{6}+\frac{1}{10}+......+\frac{2}{n\left(n+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{2}{6}+\frac{2}{12}+\frac{2}{20}+.....+\frac{2}{n\left(n+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{2}{2.3}+\frac{2}{3.4}+\frac{2}{4.5}+......+\frac{2}{n\left(n+1\right)}\)
\(=2\left(\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+\frac{1}{4.5}+\frac{1}{5.6}+......+\frac{1}{n\left(n+1\right)}\right)\)
\(=2\left(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+.....+\frac{1}{n}-\frac{1}{n+1}\right)\)
\(=2\left(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{n+1}\right)\)
\(=1-\frac{2}{n+1}\)
\(=\frac{n+1}{n+1}-\frac{2}{n+1}\)
\(=\frac{n-1}{n+1}\)
đặt a=1/3+1/6+1/10+...........+2/n(n+1)
1/2a=1/6+1/12+...........+1/n(n+1)
1/2a=1/2.3+1/3.4+........+1/n(n+1)
1/2a=1/2-1/3+1/3-1/4+.......+1/n-1/n+1
1/2a=1/2-1/n+1
a=(1/2--1/n+1):1/2=2003/2004
1/2-1/n+1=2003/2004.1/2
1/2-1/n+1=2003/4008
1/n+1=1/2-2003/4008
1/n+1=1/4008
suy ra n+1=4008
n=4007
a) \(1+\frac{1}{n^2}+\frac{1}{\left(n+1\right)^2}\)
\(=\frac{n^2\left(n+1\right)^2+\left(n+1\right)^2+n^2}{n^2\left(n+1\right)^2}\)
\(=\frac{n^2\left(n^2+2n+1+1\right)+\left(n+1\right)^2}{n^2\left(n+1\right)^2}\)
\(=\frac{n^4+2n^2\left(n+1\right)+\left(n+1\right)^2}{n^2\left(n+1\right)^2}\)
\(=\frac{\left(n^2+n+1\right)^2}{n^2\left(n+1\right)^2}\)
=>đpcm
b) Từ công thức trên ta có:
\(1+\frac{1}{n^2}+\frac{1}{\left(n+1\right)^2}=\frac{\left(n^2+n+1\right)^2}{n^2\left(n+1\right)^2}\)
=> \(\sqrt{1+\frac{1}{n^2}+\frac{1}{\left(n+1\right)^2}}=\frac{n^2+n+1}{n\left(n+1\right)}=1+\frac{1}{n\left(n+1\right)}=1+\frac{1}{n}-\frac{1}{n+1}\)
Ta có:
\(S=\left(1+\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{2}\right)+\left(1+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}\right)+\left(1+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}\right)+...+\left(1+\frac{1}{2010}-\frac{1}{2011}\right)\)
\(=2010+\left(\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2010}-\frac{1}{2011}\right)\)
\(2010+\left(1-\frac{1}{2011}\right)=2010+\frac{2010}{2011}=2010\frac{2010}{2011}\)
\(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{6}+\frac{1}{10}+...+\frac{2}{x\left(x+1\right)}=\frac{2009}{2010}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{2}{6}+\frac{2}{12}+\frac{2}{20}+...+\frac{2}{x\left(x+1\right)}=\frac{2009}{2010}\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+\frac{1}{4.5}+...+\frac{1}{x\left(x+1\right)}\right)=\frac{2009}{2010}\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{5}+...+\frac{1}{x}-\frac{1}{x+1}\right)=\frac{2009}{2010}\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{x+1}\right)=\frac{2009}{2010}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{x+1}=\frac{2009}{2010}:2\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{x+1}=\frac{2009}{4020}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x+1}=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{2009}{4020}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x+1}=\frac{1}{4020}\)
\(\Rightarrow x+1=4020\)
=> x = 4020 - 1
=> x = 4019
\(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{6}+\frac{1}{10}+...+\frac{2}{x\left(x+1\right)}=\frac{2007}{2009}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{2}{6}+\frac{2}{12}+\frac{2}{20}+...+\frac{2}{x\left(x+1\right)}=\frac{2007}{2009}\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(\frac{1}{6}+\frac{1}{12}+\frac{1}{20}+...+\frac{1}{x\left(x+1\right)}\right)=\frac{2007}{2009}\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(\frac{1}{2\cdot3}+\frac{1}{3\cdot4}+\frac{1}{4\cdot5}+...+\frac{1}{x\left(x+1\right)}\right)=\frac{2007}{2009}\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{5}+...+\frac{1}{x}-\frac{1}{x+1}\right)=\frac{2007}{2009}\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{x+1}\right)=\frac{2007}{2009}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{x+1}=\frac{2007}{2009}\div2\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{x+1}=\frac{2007}{4018}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x+1}=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{2007}{4018}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x+1}=\frac{2}{4018}=\frac{1}{2009}\)
\(\Rightarrow x+1=2009\)
\(\Rightarrow x=2008\)
\(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{6}+\frac{1}{10}+...+\frac{2}{x\left(x+1\right)}=\frac{2007}{2009}\)
=>\(\frac{1}{6}+\frac{1}{12}+\frac{1}{20}+...+\frac{1}{x\left(x+1\right)}=\frac{2007}{4018}\)(nhân cả hai vế với \(\frac{1}{2}\))
\(\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+\frac{1}{4.5}+...+\frac{1}{x\left(x+1\right)}\)= \(\frac{2007}{4018}\)
\(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{5}+...+\frac{1}{x}-\frac{1}{x+1}=\frac{2007}{4018}\)
\(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{x+1}=\frac{2007}{4018}\)
\(\frac{1}{x+1}\)=\(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{2007}{4018}\)
\(\frac{1}{x+1}=\frac{1}{2009}\)
x+1=2009
x=2009-1=2008
Vậy x bằng 2008
\(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{6}+\frac{1}{10}+\frac{2}{n\left(n+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{2}{6}+\frac{2}{12}+\frac{2}{20}+...+\frac{2}{n\left(n+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{2}{2.3}+\frac{2}{3.4}+\frac{2}{4.5}+...+\frac{2}{n\left(n+1\right)}\)
\(=2\left(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{5}+...+\frac{1}{n}-\frac{1}{n+1}\right)\)
\(=2\left(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{n+1}\right)=\frac{2010}{2011}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow n=4021\).