2.a/3.b + 3.b/4.c + 4.c/5.d + 5.d/2.a biết 2.a/3.b = 3.b/4.c = 4.c/5.d = 5.d/2.a
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\(\frac{2a}{3b}=\frac{3b}{4c}=\frac{4c}{5d}=\frac{5d}{2a}=\frac{2a+3b+4c+5d}{3b+4c+5d+2a}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{2a}{3b}+\frac{3b}{4c}+\frac{4c}{5d}+\frac{5d}{2a}=4\)
1: Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\)
=>\(a=b\cdot k;c=d\cdot k\)
\(\dfrac{a}{a+b}=\dfrac{bk}{bk+b}=\dfrac{bk}{b\left(k+1\right)}=\dfrac{k}{k+1}\)
\(\dfrac{c}{c+d}=\dfrac{dk}{dk+d}=\dfrac{dk}{d\left(k+1\right)}=\dfrac{k}{k+1}\)
Do đó: \(\dfrac{a}{a+b}=\dfrac{c}{c+d}\)
2: \(\dfrac{2a+b}{a-2b}=\dfrac{2\cdot bk+b}{bk-2b}=\dfrac{b\left(2k+1\right)}{b\left(k-2\right)}=\dfrac{2k+1}{k-2}\)
\(\dfrac{2c+d}{c-2d}=\dfrac{2dk+d}{dk-2d}=\dfrac{d\left(2k+1\right)}{d\left(k-2\right)}=\dfrac{2k+1}{k-2}\)
Do đó: \(\dfrac{2a+b}{a-2b}=\dfrac{2c+d}{c-2d}\)
3: \(\dfrac{a+b}{a-b}=\dfrac{bk+b}{bk-b}=\dfrac{b\left(k+1\right)}{b\cdot\left(k-1\right)}=\dfrac{k+1}{k-1}\)
\(\dfrac{c+d}{c-d}=\dfrac{dk+d}{dk-d}=\dfrac{d\left(k+1\right)}{d\left(k-1\right)}=\dfrac{k+1}{k-1}\)
Do đó: \(\dfrac{a+b}{a-b}=\dfrac{c+d}{c-d}\)
4: \(\dfrac{5a+3b}{5c+3d}=\dfrac{5\cdot bk+3b}{5dk+3d}=\dfrac{b\left(5k+3\right)}{d\left(5k+3\right)}=\dfrac{b}{d}\)
\(\dfrac{5a-3b}{5c-3d}=\dfrac{5\cdot bk-3b}{5\cdot dk-3d}=\dfrac{b\left(5k-3\right)}{d\left(5k-3\right)}=\dfrac{b}{d}\)
Do đó: \(\dfrac{5a+3b}{5c+3d}=\dfrac{5a-3b}{5c-3d}\)
2.Giải:
Theo bài ra ta có:
\(\frac{a}{2}=\frac{b}{3}=\frac{c}{4}=\frac{d}{5}\) và a + b + c + d = -42
Theo tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:
\(\frac{a}{2}=\frac{b}{3}=\frac{c}{4}=\frac{d}{5}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{2+3+4+5}=\frac{-42}{14}=-3\)
+) \(\frac{a}{2}=-3\Rightarrow a=-6\)
+) \(\frac{b}{3}=-3\Rightarrow b=-9\)
+) \(\frac{c}{4}=-3\Rightarrow c=-12\)
+) \(\frac{d}{5}=-3\Rightarrow d=-15\)
Vậy a = -6
b = -9
c = -12
d = -15
Bài 3:
Ta có:\(\frac{a}{2}=\frac{b}{3}\Leftrightarrow\frac{a}{10}=\frac{b}{15}\); \(\frac{b}{5}=\frac{c}{4}\Leftrightarrow\frac{b}{15}=\frac{c}{12}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{10}=\frac{b}{15}=\frac{c}{12}\)
Áp dụng tc dãy tỉ:
\(\frac{a}{10}=\frac{b}{15}=\frac{c}{20}=\frac{a+b+c}{10+15+12}=\frac{-49}{37}\)
Với \(\frac{a}{10}=\frac{-49}{37}\Rightarrow a=10\cdot\frac{-49}{37}=\frac{-490}{37}\)
Với \(\frac{b}{15}=\frac{-49}{37}\Rightarrow b=15\cdot\frac{-49}{37}=\frac{-735}{37}\)
Với \(\frac{c}{12}=\frac{-49}{37}\Rightarrow c=12\cdot\frac{-49}{37}=\frac{-588}{37}\)
Câu 1:
\(4\sqrt[4]{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+4\right)\left(c-2\right)\left(d-3\right)}\le a+1+b+4+c-2+d-3=a+b+c+d\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi a = -1; b = -4; c = 2; d= 3
\(\frac{a^2}{b^5}+\frac{1}{a^2b}\ge\frac{2}{b^3}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\frac{a^2}{b^5}\ge\frac{2}{b^3}-\frac{1}{a^2b}\)
\(\frac{2}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}\ge\frac{3}{a^2b}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\frac{1}{a^2b}\le\frac{2}{3a^3}+\frac{1}{3b^3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\Sigma\frac{a^2}{b^5}\ge\Sigma\left(\frac{5}{3b^3}-\frac{2}{3a^3}\right)=\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{c^3}+\frac{1}{d^3}\)