Cho a / b = c / d Chứng minh rằng ab / cd = (a^2 - b^2) / (c^2 - d^2)
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a: \(\dfrac{a+5}{a-5}=\dfrac{b+6}{b-6}\)
=>(a+5)(b-6)=(a-5)(b+6)
=>ab-6a+5b-30=ab+6a-5b-30
=>-6a+5b=6a-5b
=>-12a=-10b
=>6a=5b
=>\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{5}{6}\)
b: Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\)
=>\(a=bk;c=dk\)
\(\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}=\dfrac{b^2k^2+b^2}{d^2k^2+d^2}=\dfrac{b^2\left(k^2+1\right)}{d^2\left(k^2+1\right)}=\dfrac{b^2}{d^2}\)
\(\dfrac{ab}{cd}=\dfrac{bk\cdot b}{dk\cdot d}=\dfrac{b^2k}{d^2k}=\dfrac{b^2}{d^2}\)
Do đó: \(\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}=\dfrac{ab}{cd}\)
Lời giải:
Đặt $\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=t\Rightarrow a=bt; c=dt$. Ta có:
$\frac{ab}{cd}=\frac{b^2t}{d^2t}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}(1)$
Mặt khác:
$\frac{(a-b)^2}{(c-d)^2}=\frac{(bt-b)^2}{(dt-d)^2}=\frac{b^2(t-1)^2}{d^2(t-1)^2}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}(2)$
Từ $(1); (2)\Rightarrow \frac{ab}{cd}=\frac{(a-b)^2}{(c-d)^2}$
\(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\frac{ab}{b^2}=\frac{cd}{d^2}\Rightarrow\frac{ab}{cd}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}=\frac{a^2}{c^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{2ab}{2cd}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}=\frac{a^2}{c^2}\Rightarrow\frac{ab}{cd}=\frac{a^2+2ab+b^2}{c^2+2cd+d^2}=\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{\left(c+d\right)^2}\)(đpcm)
Đặt :
\(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=k\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=bk\\c=dk\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có :
+) \(\frac{ab}{cd}=\frac{bk.b}{dk.d}=\frac{b^2k}{d^2k}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}\left(1\right)\)
+) \(\frac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{\left(c-d\right)^2}=\frac{\left(bk-b\right)^2}{\left(dk-d\right)^2}=\frac{b^2\left(k-1\right)^2}{d^2\left(k-1\right)^2}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}\left(2\right)\)
Từ \(\left(1\right)+\left(2\right)\Leftrightarrow\frac{ab}{cd}=\frac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{\left(c-d\right)^2}\left(đpcm\right)\)
Lời giải:
Đặt $\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow a=bk; c=dk$. Khi đó:
$\frac{ab}{cd}=\frac{bk.b}{dk.d}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}(1)$
$\frac{a^2-b^2}{c^2-d^2}=\frac{(bk)^2-b^2}{(dk)^2-d^2}=\frac{b^2(k^2-1)}{d^2(k^2-1)}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}(2)$
Từ $(1); (2)$ ta có đpcm
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Lại có:
$(\frac{a+b}{c+d})^2=(\frac{bk+b}{dk+d})^2=(\frac{b(k+1)}{d(k+1)})^2=(\frac{b}{d})^2(3)$
$\frac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}=\frac{(bk)^2+b^2}{(dk)^2+d^2}=\frac{b^2(k^2+1)}{d^2(k^2+1)}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}=(\frac{b}{d})^2(4)$
Từ $(3); (4)$ ta có đpcm.
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\frac{a}{c}\right)^2=\left(\frac{b}{d}\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^2}{b^2}=\frac{c^2}{d^2}\)\(=\frac{ab}{cd}\)
Điều PCM
ta có \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=k\)
\(\Rightarrow a=bk;c=dk\)
ta có \(\frac{a.b}{cd}=\frac{bk.b}{dk.d}=\frac{kb^2}{kd^2}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}\)
ta có \(\frac{a^2-b^2}{c^2-d^2}=\frac{k^2.b^2-b^2}{k^2.d^2-d^2}=\frac{b^2\left(k-1\right)}{d^2\left(k-1\right)}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}\)
vậy \(\frac{ab}{cd}=\frac{a^2-b^2}{c^2-d^2}\)