1 ) Tìm các số nguyên x ; y sao cho \(\left(x-1\right)\left(xy-5\right)=5\)
2 ) Cho ba sooss a , b , c khác 0 thỏa mãn điều kiện : \(\frac{3a+b+c}{a}=\frac{a+3b+c}{b}=\frac{a+b+3c}{c}\)
Tính giá trị biểu thức \(P=\frac{a+b}{c}+\frac{b+c}{a}+\frac{c+a}{b}\)
Bài 1:
\(\left(x-1\right).\left(xy-5\right)=5\)
Vì \(x,y\in Z\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-1\in Z\\xy-5\in Z\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow x-1\inƯC\left(5\right);xy-5\inƯC\left(5\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x-1\in\left\{\pm1;\pm5\right\};xy-5\in\left\{\pm1;\pm5\right\}.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-1=1\\xy-5=5\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-1=5\\xy-5=1\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-1=-1\\xy-5=-5\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-1=-5\\xy-5=-1\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\2y=10\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=6\\6y=6\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\0y=0\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-4\\-4y=4\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=5\end{matrix}\right.\left(TM\right)\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=6\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\left(TM\right)\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\y=0\end{matrix}\right.\left(TM\right)\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-4\\y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\left(TM\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy cặp số nguyên \(\left(x;y\right)\) thỏa mãn đề bài là: \(\left(2;5\right),\left(6;1\right),\left(0;0\right),\left(-4;-1\right).\)
Chúc bạn học tốt!
Bài 1:
Ta có bảng sau: