12 Tìm số nguyên x thỏa mãn:
a) \(\left|5x-3\right|< 2\) ; b) \(\left|3x+1\right|>4\) ; c) \(\left|4-x\right|+2x=3\)
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d) Ta có: \(n^2+5n+9⋮n+3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow n^2+3n+2n+6+3⋮n+3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow n\left(n+3\right)+2\left(n+3\right)+3⋮n+3\)
mà \(n\left(n+3\right)+2\left(n+3\right)⋮n+3\)
nên \(3⋮n+3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow n+3\inƯ\left(3\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow n+3\in\left\{1;-1;3;-3\right\}\)
hay \(n\in\left\{-2;-4;0;-6\right\}\)
Vậy: \(n\in\left\{-2;-4;0;-6\right\}\)
d) Ta có: n2+5n+9⋮n+3n2+5n+9⋮n+3
⇔n2+3n+2n+6+3⋮n+3⇔n2+3n+2n+6+3⋮n+3
⇔n(n+3)+2(n+3)+3⋮n+3⇔n(n+3)+2(n+3)+3⋮n+3
mà n(n+3)+2(n+3)⋮n+3n(n+3)+2(n+3)⋮n+3
nên 3⋮n+33⋮n+3
⇔n+3∈Ư(3)⇔n+3∈Ư(3)
⇔n+3∈{1;−1;3;−3}
\(C^n_n+C^{n-1}_n+C^{n-2}_n=37\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1+\dfrac{n!}{\left(n-1\right)!}+\dfrac{n!}{\left(n-2\right)!2!}=37\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1+n+\dfrac{n\left(n-1\right)}{2}=37\)
\(\Rightarrow n=8\)
\(P=\left(2+5x\right)\left(1-\dfrac{x}{2}\right)^8=\left(2+5x\right).\left(\sum\limits^8_{k=0}.C_8^k.\left(-\dfrac{x}{2}\right)^k\right)\)
\(=\left(2+5x\right).\left(\sum\limits^8_{k=0}.C_8^k.\left(-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^k.x^k\right)\)
\(=2.\left(\sum\limits^8_{k=0}.C_8^k.\left(-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^k.x^k\right)+5x\)\(\left(\sum\limits^8_{k=0}.C_8^k.\left(-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^k.x^k\right)\)
\(=2.\left(\sum\limits^8_{k=0}.C_8^k.\left(-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^k.x^k\right)+5\)\(\left(\sum\limits^8_{k=0}.C_8^k.\left(-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^k.x^{k+1}\right)\)
Số hạng chứa \(x^3\) trong \(2.\left(\sum\limits^8_{k=0}.C_8^k.\left(-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^k.x^k\right)\) là \(2C^3_8.\left(-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^3x^3\)
Số hạng chứa \(x^3\) trong \(5\left(\sum\limits^8_{k=0}.C_8^k.\left(-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^k.x^{k+1}\right)\) là \(5C^2_8.\left(-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2x^3\)
Vậy số hạng chứa x3 trong P là:\(\left[2.C^3_8\left(-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^3+5C^2_8\left(-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\right]x^3\)
7. \(S=9y^2-12\left(x+4\right)y+\left(5x^2+24x+2016\right)\)
\(=9y^2-12\left(x+4\right)y+4\left(x+4\right)^2+\left(x^2+8x+16\right)+1936\)
\(=\left[3y-2\left(x+4\right)\right]^2+\left(x-4\right)^2+1936\ge1936\)
Vậy \(S_{min}=1936\) \(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\hept{\begin{cases}3y-2\left(x+4\right)=0\\x-4=0\end{cases}}\) \(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=4\\y=\frac{16}{3}\end{cases}}\)
7. \(S=9y^2-12\left(x+4\right)y+\left(5x^2+24x+2016\right)\)
\(=9y^2-12\left(x+4\right)y+4\left(x+4\right)^2+\left(x^2+8x+16\right)+1936\)
\(=\left[3y-2\left(x+4\right)\right]^2+\left(x-4\right)^2+1936\ge1936\)
Vậy \(S_{min}=1936\) \(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\hept{\begin{cases}3y-2\left(x+4\right)=0\\x-4=0\end{cases}}\) \(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=4\\y=\frac{16}{3}\end{cases}}\)
8. \(x^2-5x+14-4\sqrt{x+1}=0\) (ĐK: x > = -1).
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left(x+1\right)-4\sqrt{x+1}+4+\left(x^2-6x+9\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left(\sqrt{x+1}-2\right)^2+\left(x-3\right)^2=0\)
Với mọi x thực ta luôn có: \(\left(\sqrt{x+1}-2\right)^2\ge0\) và \(\left(x-3\right)^2\ge0\)
Suy ra \(\left(\sqrt{x+1}-2\right)^2+\left(x-3\right)^2\ge0\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(\sqrt{x+1}-2\right)^2=0\\\left(x-3\right)^2=0\end{cases}}\) \(\Leftrightarrow\) x = 3 (Nhận)
Cách 2: Do \(\left|x\right|\ge0\forall x\) nên \(\left|x+1\right|+\left|x-2\right|+\left|x+7\right|\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow5x-10\ge0\Rightarrow x\ge2\)
Với \(x\ge2\), ta có : \(x+7>0;x+1>0;x-2\ge0\)
Suy ra \(x+1+x-2+x+7=5x-10\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-2x=-16\Leftrightarrow x=8\left(tm\right)\)
Vậy x = 8.
Cách 1: Với \(x\le-7\), ta có : \(x+7\le0;x+1< 0;x-2< 0\)
Suy ra \(-x-1-x+2-x-7=5x-10\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-8x=-4\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{1}{2}\left(l\right)\)
Với \(-7< x\le-1\), ta có : \(x+7>0;x+1\le0;x-2< 0\)
Suy ra \(-x-1-x+2+x+7=5x-10\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-6x=-18\Leftrightarrow x=3\left(l\right)\)
Với \(-1< x\le2\), ta có : \(x+7>0;x+1>0;x-2\le0\)
Suy ra \(x+1-x+2+x+7=5x-10\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-6x=-20\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{10}{3}\left(l\right)\)
Với \(x>2\), ta có : \(x+7>0;x+1>0;x-2>0\)
Suy ra \(x+1+x-2+x+7=5x-10\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-2x=-16\Leftrightarrow x=8\left(tm\right)\)
Vậy x = 8.
\(\Delta=25-4\left(3m-1\right)=29-12m\ge0\Rightarrow m\le\dfrac{29}{12}\)
Theo định lý Viet: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_1+x_2=-5\\x_1x_2=3m-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(x_1^3+x_2^3+3x_1x_2=-35\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x_1+x_2\right)^3-3x_1x_2\left(x_1+x_2\right)+3x_1x_2=-35\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(-5\right)^3+15\left(3m-1\right)+3\left(3m-1\right)=-35\)
\(\Leftrightarrow18\left(3m-1\right)=90\)
\(\Rightarrow m=2\) (thỏa mãn)
\(\text{Δ}=5^2-4\cdot1\cdot\left(3m-1\right)\)
\(=25-4\left(3m-1\right)\)
\(=25-12m+4=-12m+29\)
Để phương trình (1) có hai nghiệm thì Δ>=0
=>-12m+29>=0
=>-12m>=-29
=>\(m< =\dfrac{29}{12}\)
Theo Vi-et, ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_1+x_2=-\dfrac{b}{a}=\dfrac{-5}{1}=-5\\x_1x_2=\dfrac{c}{a}=\dfrac{3m-1}{1}=3m-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(x_1^3+x_2^3+3x_1x_2=-35\)
=>\(\left(x_1+x_2\right)^3-3x_1x_2\left(x_1+x_2\right)+3x_1x_2=-35\)
=>\(\left(-5\right)^3-3\cdot\left(3m-1\right)\cdot\left(-5\right)+3\cdot\left(3m-1\right)=-35\)
=>\(-125+15\left(3m-1\right)+9m-3=-35\)
=>\(-125+45m-15+9m-3=-35\)
=>54m-143=-35
=>54m=108
=>m=2(nhận)
c, \(\left|4-x\right|+2x=3\)(1)
+, Xét \(x\le4\) thì \(4-x\ge0\Rightarrow\left|4-x\right|=4-x\)
Thay vào (1) ta có:
\(4-x+2x=3\)
\(\Rightarrow x=-1\)(chọn vì thoả mãn điều kiện \(x\le4;x\in Z\) )
+, Xét \(x>4\) thì \(4-x< 0\Rightarrow\left|4-x\right|=x-4\)
Thay vào (1) ta có:
\(x-4+2x=3\)
\(\Rightarrow3x=7\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{7}{3}\)(loại vì không thoả mãn điều kiện \(x\in Z\))
Vậy..........
Chúc bạn học tốt!!!
a, \(\left|5x-3\right|< 2\)
Mà \(\left|5x-3\right|\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|5x-3\right|\in\left\{0;1\right\}\)
+) \(\left|5x-3\right|=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5x-3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5x=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{3}{5}\)
+) \(\left|5x-3\right|=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}5x-3=1\\5x-3=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}5x=4\\5x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{4}{5}\\x=\dfrac{2}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy ................