1/

\(M=3x^2-4x+3=3\left(x^2-\frac{4}{3}x+1\right)=3\left(x^2-2x\cdot\frac{2}{3}+\frac{4}{9}\right)+\frac{5}{3}=3\left(x-\frac{2}{3}\right)^2+\frac{5}{3}\ge\frac{5}{3}>0\)

\(N=5x^2-10x+2018=5\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+2013=5\left(x-1\right)^2+2013\ge2013>0\)

\(P=x^2+2y^2-2xy+4y+7=\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+\left(y^2+4y+4\right)+3=\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2+3\ge3>0\)

2/

\(A=10x-6x^2+7=-6x^2+10x+7=-6\left(x^2-\frac{10}{6}x+\frac{25}{36}\right)-\frac{11}{6}=-6\left(x-\frac{5}{6}\right)^2-\frac{11}{6}\le-\frac{11}{6}< 0\)

\(B=-3x^2+7x+10=-3\left(x^2-\frac{7}{3}x+\frac{49}{36}\right)-\frac{311}{12}=-3\left(x-\frac{7}{6}\right)^2-\frac{311}{12}\le-\frac{311}{12}< 0\)

\(C=2x-2x^2-y^2+2xy-5=\left(2x-x^2-1\right)-\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)-4=-\left(x^2-2x+1\right)-\left(x-y\right)^2-4=-\left(x-1\right)^2-\left(x-y\right)^2-4\)\(\le-4< 0\)

a)  \(99^2=\left(100-1\right)^2=100^2-2.100+1=9801\)

b)  \(2001.1999=\left(2000+1\right)\left(2000-1\right)=2000^2-1^2=3999999\)

c)  \(48^2+4.48+4=\left(48+2\right)^2=50^2=2500\)

d)  \(101^2-202+1=101^2-2.101+1=\left(101-1\right)^2=100^2=10000\)

Cho 3x + 5xy = 6y + 5 = 0

Chuyển vế rồi tính

Có \(a+b+c=0;\overline{ab}+\overline{bc}+\overline{ca}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(\overline{ab}+\overline{bc}+\overline{ca}\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2=0\)

Mà \(a^2;b^2;c^2\ge0\)

\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2\ge0\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a;b;c = 0

Thay vào biểu thức ta có:

\(\left(0-1\right)^{2016}+\left(0-1\right)^{2017}+\left(0-1\right)^{2018}\)

\(=\left(-1\right)^{2016}+\left(-1\right)^{2017}+\left(-1\right)^{2018}\)

\(=1+\left(-1\right)+1\)

\(=1\)

a+b+c=0

<=>(a+b+c)²=0

<=>a²+b²+c²+2(ab+bc+ca)=0

<=>a²+b²+c²=0

Vì \(a^2\ge0,b^2\ge0,c^2\ge0\)

=>\(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge0\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a=b=c=0

từ đây thay vào

\(N=x^3+y^3+9xy=\left(x+y\right)^3-3xy\left(x+y\right)+9xy=3^3-3xy.3+9xy=27-9xy+9xy=27\)

\(N=x^3+y^3+9xy\)

\(N=\left(x+y\right)^3-3xy\left(x-y\right)+9xy\)

\(N=\left(3^3\right)-3xy.3+9xy\)

\(N=27-9xy+9xy\)

\(N=27\)

Vậy N = 27

\(M=\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)-4\left(x+y\right)+1=\left(x+y\right)^2-4\left(x+y\right)+1=3^2-4.3+1=9-12+1=-2\)