a) \(\sqrt[]{x^2-4x+4}=x+3\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt[]{\left(x-2\right)^2}=x+3\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x-2\right|=x+3\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-2=x+3\\x-2=-\left(x+3\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}0x=5\left(loại\right)\\x-2=-x-3\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x=-1\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\)

b) \(2x^2-\sqrt[]{9x^2-6x+1}=5\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-\sqrt[]{\left(3x-1\right)^2}=5\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-\left|3x-1\right|=5\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left|3x-1\right|=2x^2-5\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x-1=2x^2-5\\3x-1=-2x^2+5\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x^2-3x-4=0\left(1\right)\\2x^2+3x-6=0\left(2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Giải pt (1)

\(\Delta=9+32=41>0\)

Pt \(\left(1\right)\) \(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{3\pm\sqrt[]{41}}{4}\)

Giải pt (2)

\(\Delta=9+48=57>0\)

Pt \(\left(2\right)\) \(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{-3\pm\sqrt[]{57}}{4}\)

Vậy nghiệm pt là \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{3\pm\sqrt[]{41}}{4}\\x=\dfrac{-3\pm\sqrt[]{57}}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)

 Ta đặt \(f\left(n\right)=\sqrt{4+\sqrt{4+\sqrt{4+...+\sqrt{4}}}}\) (\(n\) dấu căn)

 Xét phương trình \(x^2-x-4=0\), pt này có nghiệm \(t=\dfrac{1+\sqrt{17}}{2}< 3\). Ta sẽ chứng minh \(f\left(n\right)< t,\forall n\inℕ^∗\)

 Dễ thấy \(f\left(1\right)< t\). Giả sử \(f\left(n\right)< t\). Khi đó:

 \(f\left(n+1\right)=\sqrt{4+f\left(n\right)}< \sqrt{4+t}\).

 Mà \(4+t=t^2\)  (do \(t\) là nghiệm của pt \(x^2-x-4=0\)) nên suy ra \(f\left(n+1\right)< \sqrt{4+t}=\sqrt{t^2}=t\).

 Vậy \(f\left(n+1\right)< t\). Theo nguyên lí quy nạp \(\Rightarrow f\left(n\right)< t,\forall n\inℕ^∗\)

 Mà \(t< 3\) \(\Rightarrow f\left(n\right)< 3\), \(\forall n\inℕ^∗\). 

 Vậy \(\sqrt{4+\sqrt{4+\sqrt{4+...+\sqrt{4}}}}< 3\) 

 Đặt \(MB=m>0\). \(\Rightarrow MQ=NP=\dfrac{m}{\sqrt{3}}\)

 Đặt \(AB=b>m\). Khi đó \(\dfrac{MN}{BC}=\dfrac{AM}{AB}\) 

\(\Rightarrow MN=\dfrac{AM.BC}{AB}=\dfrac{\left(b-m\right).a}{b}=\left(1-\dfrac{m}{b}\right).a\) \(=a-\dfrac{a}{b}.m\)

\(\Rightarrow S_{MNPQ}=MN.NP=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}m\left(a-\dfrac{a}{b}.m\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{a}{b\sqrt{3}}\left(-m^2+bm\right)\)

 \(=\dfrac{a}{b\sqrt{3}}\left(-m^2+2m.\dfrac{b}{2}-\dfrac{b^2}{4}+\dfrac{b^2}{4}\right)\) 

\(=\dfrac{a}{b\sqrt{3}}\left[-\left(m-\dfrac{b}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{b^2}{4}\right]\)

\(=-\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{3}}\left(m-\dfrac{b}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{ab}{4\sqrt{3}}\) \(\le\dfrac{ab}{4\sqrt{3}}\), suy ra \(S_{MNPQ}\le\dfrac{ab}{4\sqrt{3}}\)

 Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow m=\dfrac{b}{2}\) hay M là trung điểm của đoạn AB.

 Vậy để diện tích hình chữ nhật MNPQ lớn nhất khi và chỉ khi M là trung điểm AB.

a) \(P=\dfrac{x^2-\sqrt[]{x}}{x+\sqrt[]{x}+1}-\dfrac{2x+\sqrt[]{x}}{\sqrt[]{x}}+\dfrac{2\left(x+\sqrt[]{x}-2\right)}{\sqrt[]{x}-1}\)

Điều kiện xác định \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x>0\\\sqrt[]{x}-1\ne0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x>0\\x\ne1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow P=\dfrac{\sqrt[]{x}\left[\left(\sqrt[]{x}\right)^3-1\right]}{x+\sqrt[]{x}+1}-\dfrac{\sqrt[]{x}\left(2\sqrt[]{x}+1\right)}{\sqrt[]{x}}+\dfrac{2\left(\sqrt[]{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt[]{x}+2\right)}{\sqrt[]{x}-1}\)

\(\Rightarrow P=\dfrac{\sqrt[]{x}\left(\sqrt[]{x}-1\right)\left(x+\sqrt[]{x}+1\right)}{x+\sqrt[]{x}+1}-\left(2\sqrt[]{x}+1\right)+2\left(\sqrt[]{x}+2\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow P=\sqrt[]{x}\left(\sqrt[]{x}-1\right)-\left(2\sqrt[]{x}+1\right)+2\left(\sqrt[]{x}+2\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow P=x-\sqrt[]{x}-2\sqrt[]{x}-1+2\sqrt[]{x}+4\)

\(\Rightarrow P=x-\sqrt[]{x}+3\)

b) \(A=\dfrac{P}{2012\sqrt[]{x}}=\dfrac{x-\sqrt[]{x}+3}{2012\sqrt[]{x}}\)\(\)

\(=\dfrac{x-\sqrt[]{x}+\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{4}+3}{2012\sqrt[]{x}}\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt[]{x}-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{11}{4}}{2012\sqrt[]{x}}\)

\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt[]{x}-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2}{2012\sqrt[]{x}}+\dfrac{\dfrac{11}{4}}{2012\sqrt[]{x}}=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt[]{x}-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2}{2012\sqrt[]{x}}+\dfrac{11}{4.2012\sqrt[]{x}}\)

Ta lại có  \(\dfrac{\left(\sqrt[]{x}-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2}{2012\sqrt[]{x}}\ge0,\forall x\ne0\)

\(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt[]{x}}>0\Rightarrow\dfrac{11}{4.2012\sqrt[]{x}}\ge\dfrac{11}{4.2012}=\dfrac{11}{8048}\)

\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt[]{x}-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2}{2012\sqrt[]{x}}+\dfrac{11}{4.2012\sqrt[]{x}}\ge\dfrac{11}{8048}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt[]{x}=1\Leftrightarrow x=1\)

Vậy \(GTNN\left(A\right)=\dfrac{11}{8048}\left(tạix=1\right)\)

\(y=3x-2k\left(d_1\right)\)

\(y=\left(-2m+1\right)x+2k-4\left(d_2\right)\)

\(d_1\equiv d_2\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-2m+1=3\\-2k=2k-4\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2m=-2\\4k=4\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m=-1\\k=1\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m=-1\\k=1\end{matrix}\right.\) thỏa đề bài

Bài 1 :

b) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-3y=2\\-4x+6y=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4x-6y=4\\-4x+6y=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow0x+0y=4\) (vô lý)

\(\Rightarrow\) HPT vô nghiệm

Bài 2 :

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-ay=b\\ax+by=1\end{matrix}\right.\)

Khi \(x=1;y=2\)

\(hpt\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2.1-a.2=b\\a.1+b.2=1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2a+b=2\\a+2b=1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4a+2b=4\\a+2b=1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3a=3\\2b=1-a\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=1\\2b=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=1\\b=0\end{matrix}\right.\) thỏa mãn đề bài

Bạn tự vẽ đồ thị nhé.

ĐKXĐ : \(x\ge5\)

Ta có \(x-3\sqrt{x}+4=2\sqrt{x-5}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x-3\sqrt{x}=2\left(\sqrt{x-5}-2\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)=2.\dfrac{x-9}{\sqrt{x-5}+2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}.\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)=\dfrac{2\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right).\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}{\sqrt{x-5}+2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}-3=0\\\sqrt{x}=\dfrac{2.\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}{\sqrt{x-5}+2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Với \(\sqrt{x}-3=0\Leftrightarrow x=9\left(tm\right)\)

Với \(\sqrt{x}=\dfrac{2.\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}{\sqrt{x-5}+2}\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}.\sqrt{x-5}=6\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-5x-36=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=9\left(tm\right)\\x=-4\left(\text{loại}\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Tập nghiệm \(S=\left\{9\right\}\)

\(2\cdot\sqrt{\left(3-\sqrt{5}\right)}\cdot\sqrt{3+\sqrt{5}}\\ =2\cdot\sqrt{\left(3-\sqrt{5}\right)\left(3+\sqrt{5}\right)}\\ =2\cdot\sqrt{9-5}\\ =2\cdot\sqrt{4}\\ =2\cdot2\\ =4\)