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a, (x^2 -2x+1)+(y^2 +6y+9) =0
(x-1)^2 +(y+3)^2 =0
Do đó: x-1=0 và y+3=0
Vậy x=1 và y=-3
b, x^2 +y^2 +1=xy+x+y
2x^2 +2y^2 +2=2xy+2x+2y
2x^2 +2y^2 -2xy-2x-2y +2=0
(x^2 -2x+1)+(y^2 -2y+1)+ (x^2 +y^2 -2xy)=0
(x-1)^2 +(y-1)^2 +(x-y)^2 =0
Suy ra: x-1=0, y-1=0 và x-y=0
Vậy x=1,y=1
c,5x^2 - 4x-2xy+y^2 +1=0
(4x^2 -4x+1)+(x^2 -2xy+y^2 )=0
(2x-1)^2 +(x-y)^2 =0
Do đó: 2x-1 =0 và x=y suy ra: x=0,5 và x=y
Vậy x=y=0,5
Ta có: \(S=x^2+2xy+y^2-6x-6y+25\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)^2-6\left(x+y\right)+25\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x+y-6\right)+25\)
\(=3\cdot\left(3-6\right)+25\)
=-9+25
=16
Ta có: M = x 2 + y 2 – x + 6y + 10 = ( y 2 + 6y + 9) + ( x 2 – x + 1)
= y + 3 2 + ( x 2 – 2.1/2 x + 1/4) + 3/4 = y + 3 2 + x - 1 / 2 2 + 3/4
Vì y + 3 2 ≥ 0 và x - 1 / 2 2 ≥ 0 nên y + 3 2 + x - 1 / 2 2 ≥ 0
⇒ M = y + 3 2 + x - 1 / 2 2 + 3/4 ≥ 3/4
⇒ M = 3/4 khi
Vậy M = 3/4 là giá trị nhỏ nhất tại y = -3 và x = 1/2
a.
\(1-4x^2=\left(1-2x\right)\left(1+2x\right)\)
b.
\(8-27x^3=\left(2\right)^3-\left(3x\right)^3=\left(2-3x\right)\left(4+6x+9x^2\right)\)
c.
\(27+27x+9x^2+x^3=x^3+3.x^2.3+3.3^2.x+3^3\)
\(=\left(x+3\right)^3\)
d.
\(2x^3+4x^2+2x=2x\left(x^2+2x+1\right)=2x\left(x+1\right)^2\)
e.
\(x^2-y^2-5x+5y=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-5\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y-5\right)\)
f.
\(x^2-6x+9-y^2=\left(x-3\right)^2-y^2=\left(x-3-y\right)\left(x-3+y\right)\)
a: ta có: \(P=x^2+10x+27\)
\(=x^2+10x+25+2\)
\(=\left(x+5\right)^2+2\ge2\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=-5
\(x^2-4x+y^2-6y+15=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+\left(y^2-9y+9\right)+2=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)^2+\left(y-3\right)^2=0\)
Vì \(\left(x-2\right)^2\ge0;\left(y-3\right)^2\ge0\)
Mà \(\left(x-2\right)^2+\left(y-3\right)^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-2\right)^2=0\\\left(y-3\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy (x;y) = (2;3)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+\left(y^2-6y+9\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)^2+\left(y-3\right)^2=0\)
Do \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-2\right)^2\ge0\\\left(y-3\right)^2\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\) ;\(\forall x;y\Rightarrow\left(x-2\right)^2+\left(y-3\right)^2\ge0\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi và chỉ khi:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-2=0\\y-3=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
1.
\(a,\left(-xy\right)\left(-2x^2y+3xy-7x\right)\)
\(=2x^3y^2-3x^2y^2+7x^2y\)
\(b,\left(\dfrac{1}{6}x^2y^2\right)\left(-0,3x^2y-0,4xy+1\right)\)
\(=-\dfrac{1}{20}x^4y^3-\dfrac{1}{15}x^3y^3+\dfrac{1}{6}x^2y^2\)
\(c,\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)^3\)
\(=x^3+3x^2y+3xy^2+y^3\)
\(d,\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)^3\)
\(=x^3-3x^2y+3xy^2-y^3\)
2.
\(a,\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)\)
\(=x^3-y^3\)
\(b,\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)\)
\(=x^3+y^3\)
\(c,\left(4x-1\right)\left(6y+1\right)-3x\left(8y+\dfrac{4}{3}\right)\)
\(=24xy+4x-6y-1-24xy-4x\)
\(=\left(24xy-24xy\right)+\left(4x-4x\right)-6y-1\)
\(=-6y-1\)
#Toru
\(x^2+3y^2-4x+6y+7=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+\left(3y^2+6y+3\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)^2+3\left(y+1\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-2=0\\y+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(3x^2+y^2+10x-2xy+26=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+\left(2x^2+10x+\dfrac{25}{8}\right)+\dfrac{183}{8}=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2+2\left(x^2+2\cdot\dfrac{5}{2}x+\dfrac{25}{4}\right)+\dfrac{183}{8}=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2+2\left(x+\dfrac{5}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{183}{8}=0\\ \Leftrightarrow x,y\in\varnothing\)
Sửa đề: \(3x^2+6y^2-12x-20y+40=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(3x^2-12x+12\right)+\left(6y^2-20y+\dfrac{50}{3}\right)+\dfrac{34}{3}=0\\ \Leftrightarrow3\left(x-2\right)^2+6\left(y^2-2\cdot\dfrac{5}{3}y+\dfrac{25}{9}\right)+\dfrac{34}{3}=0\\ \Leftrightarrow3\left(x-2\right)^2+6\left(y-\dfrac{5}{3}\right)^2+\dfrac{34}{3}=0\\ \Leftrightarrow x,y\in\varnothing\)
\(2\left(x^2+y^2\right)=\left(x+y\right)^2\\ \Leftrightarrow2x^2+2y^2=x^2+2xy+y^2\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2-2xy+y^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow x-y=0\Leftrightarrow x=y\)
\(x^2-y^2+6y=10\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2-\left(y^2-6y+9\right)=1\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2-\left(y-3\right)^2=1\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x+y-3\right)\left(x-y+3\right)=1\)
Bổ sung đề: Tìm x, y nguyên
Do đó x+y-3 và x-y+3 cũng là các giá trị nguyên
Mà: 1=1.1=(-1).(-1)
TH1: \(x+y-3=x-y+3=1\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=4\\x-y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=3\\x=1\end{matrix}\right.\) (nhận)
TH2: \(x+y-3=x-y+3=-1\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=2\\x-y=-4\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\y=3\end{matrix}\right.\) (nhận)
Vậy (x;y)=(1;3);(-1;3)
Sửa đề: Tìm x, y nguyên
\(x^2-y^2+6y=10\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2-\left(y^2-6y+9\right)=10-9\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2-\left(y-3\right)^2=1\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-y+3\right)\left(x+y-3\right)=1\)
Vì x, y nguyên nên \(x-y+3;x+y-3\) có giá trị nguyên
\(\Rightarrow x-y+3;x+y-3\) là các ước của 1. Ta có các trường hợp sau:
\(+,\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y+3=1\\x+y-3=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y=-2\\x+y=4\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\left(tm\right)\\y=3\left(tm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(+,\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y+3=-1\\x+y-3=-1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y=-4\\x+y=2\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\left(tm\right)\\y=3\left(tm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: ...