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 bài toán hay

\(P^2=a+b+c+a^2+b^2+c^2+2\sqrt{\left(a+b^2\right)\left(b+c^2\right)}+2\sqrt{\left(b+c^2\right)\left(c+a^2\right)}+2\sqrt{\left(a+b^2\right)\left(c+a^2\right)}.\)

Theo bđt Bunhiacopski ta có

\(2\sqrt{\left(a+b^2\right)\left(b+c^2\right)}\ge2\sqrt{b^3}\)(vì \(a,c\ge0\))

Tương tự \(2\sqrt{\left(b+c^2\right)\left(c+a^2\right)}\ge2\sqrt{c^3}\)

                \(2\sqrt{\left(c+a^2\right)\left(a+b^2\right)}\ge2\sqrt{a^3}\)

\(\Rightarrow P^2\ge a+b+c+a^2+b^2+c^2+2\sqrt{a^3}+2\sqrt{b^3}+2\sqrt{c^3}\)

Theo gt : \(\hept{\begin{cases}a,b,c\ge0\\a^2+b^2+c^2=1\end{cases}\Rightarrow0\le a,b,c\le1}\)

\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a\ge a^2,b\ge b^2,c\ge c^2\\a^3\ge a^4,b^3\ge b^4,c^3\ge c^4\end{cases}}\)

\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a+b+c\ge a^2+b^2+c^2=1\\2\sqrt{a^3}+2\sqrt{b^3}+2\sqrt{c^3}\ge2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)=2\end{cases}}\)

\(\Rightarrow P^2\ge1+1+2=4\)\(\Rightarrow P\ge2\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a=b=0,c=1 và các hoán vị của nó

Tìm Max

Theo bđt Bunhiacopski ta có

\(P^2\le\left(1+1+1\right)\left(a+b+c+a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\)

    \(=3\left(a+b+c+a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\)\(\le3\left(\sqrt{3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}+a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\)

      \(=3\left(1+\sqrt{3}\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow P\le\sqrt{3\left(1+\sqrt{3}\right)}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)

\(\hept{\begin{cases}x^2+y^2+xy+1=2x_{ }\left(1\right)\\x\left(x+y\right)^2+x-2=2y^2_{ }_{ }\left(2\right)\end{cases}}\)

lấy 2*(1)+(2) ta có

\(2x^2+2xy+x\left(x+y\right)^2+x=4x\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\2\left(x+y\right)+\left(x+y\right)^2=3\end{cases}}\)

\(x=0\Rightarrow\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow y^2+1=0\)vô nghiệm

\(2\left(x+y\right)+\left(x+y\right)^2=3\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x+y=1\\x+y=-3\end{cases}}\)

thế \(y=1-x\) vào (2) ta có \(x+x-2=2\left(1-x\right)^2\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=1\Rightarrow y=0\\x=2\Rightarrow y=-1\end{cases}}\)

thế \(y=-3-x\) vào (2) ta có \(9x+x-2=2\left(-3-x\right)^2\Leftrightarrow x^2+x+10=0\) vô nghiệm

vậy hệ cso hai nghiệm

b, \(\sqrt{\left(2-\sqrt{5}\right)^2}-\sqrt{5}=2-\sqrt{5}-\sqrt[]{5}\)

\(=2-2\sqrt{5}=2\left(1-\sqrt{5}\right)\)

c, \(\frac{1}{1+\sqrt{2}}-\sqrt{2}=\frac{1}{1+\sqrt{2}}-\frac{\left(1+\sqrt{2}\right)\sqrt{2}}{1+\sqrt{2}}\)

\(=\frac{1-\sqrt[]{2}-2}{1+\sqrt{2}}=\frac{-1-\sqrt{2}}{1+\sqrt{2}}=-1\)