Read the following passage and choose the correct option that best fits each of the numbered blanks.

The Kardashians are one of the most famous families in the USA. They are often in the news, and many people follow their lives through newspapers and celebrity magazines. But who are they, and why are they so well-known? The Kardashians became reality TV stars with their show called Keeping Up with the Kardashians.

Their story began in 2007 (23)___________ a series about their lives. The show focused on their mother, Kris, and her four children: Kourtney, Kim, Khloé, and their brother, Rob. Their father was a lawyer but passed away a few years before the show started. The series quickly became popular, mainly (24)___________ and their vibrant personalities.

The show ended in 2021. However, (25)___________ in a new series called The Kardashians, which premiered in 2022. Viewers have seen many family moments, including weddings. Kim has been married twice, and two of the sisters are now mothers. The sisters have also used their fame (26)___________. They opened clothing stores and launched clothing lines and perfumes. Kim even created a popular mobile game called Kim Kardashian: Hollywood.

However, (27)___________. Many people disapprove of the family's behavior on TV and in the media. Some think they are famous for no real reason and find the show pointless. Despite this, the Kardashians enjoy their fame, (28)___________.

Read the following passage and choose the correct option that best fits each of the numbered blanks.

Vietnam has faced poverty for a long time, but between 2003 and 2008, the government (29)___________ reduced homelessness. During this time, the number of street children decreased by 62%. This success is partly (30)___________ Vietnam has been working hard to fight poverty for many years. Since 2012, the percentage of people living in poverty has dropped by 4.6% to 6.9% each year. This means that the number of people living in extreme poverty has been cut in half since 2012.

Vietnam has also seen a lot of economic growth over the last ten years and has changed to a market-based economy with a social focus. (31)___________ has improved government transparency, education, and human development. Investments from (32)___________ countries and a focus on increasing exports have helped this progress, along with efforts to reduce poverty.

Since 1992, about 30 million people (33)___________ out of poverty. According to a report from the IMF, the government has invested in housing, education, and infrastructure for vulnerable groups, especially ethnic minorities and those living in remote areas. All these efforts have led to the low rates of homelessness in Vietnam today.

Read the following passage and choose the correct answer to each of the questions.

1. More people live in cities than in rural areas for the first time. In the next thirty years, most of the world's population growth will happen in urban areas. Urbanization can be a powerful force for positive change, helping to achieve sustainable development and reduce inequality. If urban growth is well planned and managed, it can lower poverty and improve quality of life by creating better job opportunities, education, and health care. However, poorly managed urbanization can lead to traffic congestion, higher crime rates, pollution, and greater inequality and social exclusion.

2. Larger cities are often wealthier but also more unequal than smaller ones. The benefits of city life are not distributed evenly, making it difficult for some neighborhoods to access proper health care, good schools, clean water, and adequate housing. Slums are a clear example of urban poverty. Rapid urban growth has frequently resulted in inadequate public services, affecting many residents' quality of life.

3. While there is no single solution to urban inequality, some governments have successfully tackled this issue. Their strategies usually include four main elements: establishing land rights for low-income residents, improving affordable housing and services, ensuring access to education and jobs, and encouraging public involvement in decision-making about policies and resources.

Read the following passage and choose the correct answer to each of the questions.

1. New data reveals that almost one-third of adults worldwide, around 1.8 billion people, did not meet the recommended levels of physical activity in 2022. This shows a concerning rise in physical inactivity, which increased by about 5% between 2010 and 2022. If this trend continues, inactivity levels could reach 35% by 2030. The World Health Organization (WHO) advises that adults should engage in 150 minutes of moderate or 75 minutes of strong exercise each week. Failing to meet these guidelines puts them at greater risk of severe diseases such as heart disease, type 2 diabetes, dementia, and cancers.

2. This study, conducted by WHO and other researchers, was published in The Lancet Global Health journal. WHO Director-General Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus emphasized the missed chance to prevent diseases and improve well-being through more physical activity. He called for more robust policies and increased funding to address this growing problem.

3. The study found that regions like the high-income Asia Pacific (48%) and South Asia (45%) have the highest inactivity rates. Other areas reported lower rates, such as high-income Western countries (28%) and Oceania (14%). Women are generally less active than men, with a global inactivity rate of 34% compared to 29% for men. Also, older adults are less active than younger ones.

4. "Promoting physical activity goes beyond promoting individual lifestyle choice - it will require a whole-of-society approach and creating environments that make it easier and safer for everyone to be more active in ways they enjoy to reap the many health benefits of regular physical activity," said Dr. Fiona Bull, Head of the WHO Unit for Physical Activity.

(adapted from: https://www.who.int/)