Bài học cùng chủ đề
Luyện tập SVIP
Reading
Read the text about the causes and effects of counter-urbanisation.
While urbanisation has led to fast urban growth, counter-urbanisation has resulted in the opposite situation. Counter-urbanisation happens when a great number of people move from urban areas into rural areas.
This phenomenon is linked to the ‘push' and ‘pull' factors of migration. Trying to avoid overcrowded inner cities, city dwellers look for larger, cleaner and quieter houses with more land at cheaper prices in rural or suburban areas. They want to escape the air and noise pollution, and the crime in inner cities.
However, counter-urbanisation causes serious problems in the shrinking cities. These cities face severe economic strain and a sharp increase in poverty. Despite declining populations, they still have to spend money maintaining infrastructure, such as roads, sanitation, public transport, etc., built for a much larger population.
Meanwhile, villages in the countryside become increasingly urbanised, grow fast and soon lose their uniqueness and charm. Local prices go up because city migrants have more money. They earn money from well-paid city jobs and high-valued city properties. Villagers often find it more and more difficult to earn a living and provide for their families.
Counter-urbanisation has caused many negative effects. Governments should find urgent short-term solutions before implementing a long-term comprehensive programme to make life sustainable for people in both urban and rural areas.
Reading
Read the text again and decide whether the following statements are truer (T), false (F), or not given (NG), and tick the correct box.
(Nhấp vào dòng để chọn đúng / sai)
| 1. Urbanisation and counter-urbanisation are two opposite trends. |
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| 2. City dwellers look for houses in rural or suburban areas just because they are cheap. |
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| 3. Shrinking cities still face high rates of crime. |
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| 4. When populations decline, cities spend less money on maintaining infrastructure. |
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| 5. Country villages quickly lose their unique character and charm when they become urbanised and grow fast. |
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| 6. Governments should offer immediate short-term solutions to make life sustainable for both urban and rural inhabitants. |
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Speaking
Use the information in the table below or your own ideas to make a conversation about one of the historical figures.
| People & facts | Reasons for being respected |
| 1. The Trung Sisters/Two Ladies Trung (AD 14-43) - National heroines, leaders of Trung Sisters' uprising/first national uprising against the Han invaders (AD 40-43) - Freed the country; Trung Trac became Queen; Trung Nhi - top adviser (AD 40) |
- Bravery and perseverance - First female rulers of the nation |
| 2. Lady Trieu (Trieu Thi Trinh) (AD 226-248) - Courageous female warrior - Leader of the Vietnamese people against the Wu invaders (AD 248) |
- Image of a brave warrior going into battles on an elephant - Given the honorary title ‘Most Noble, Courageous and Virtuous Lady' by King Ly Nam De (AD 503-548) |
| 3. Emperor Quang Trung (1753-1792) - National hero - Leader of the Vietnamese people against the Qing invaders (1788-1789) |
- Very talented political and military leader - Economic and educational reforms |
Example:
Student A: Who are you going to talk about in your presentation tomorrow?
Student B: I'm going to talk about our national hero – Emperor Quang Trung. He was a very talented political and military leader. He led the Vietnamese people against the Qing invaders between 1788 and 1789.
Student A: You should also mention the year of his birth and death. The Emperor was born in 1753 and died in 1792.
Student B: I will. Though he died young, he was able to introduce some very important economic and educational reforms in Viet Nam.
Listening
Listen to the recording about wave energy. Choose the best option to complete the sentence.
Wave energy, produced by ocean surface waves, is both ___________.
Listening
Listen to the recording about wave energy. Choose the best option to complete the sentence.
Using 1% of wave energy can provide the equivalent of ___________the energy consumption worldwide.
Listening
Listen to the recording about wave energy. Choose the best option to complete the sentence.
Building and operating wave power stations in the ocean is far ___________than on land.
Listening
Listen to the recording about wave energy. Choose the best option to complete the sentence.
Saltwater is a very hostile environment to devices, which become ___________and cannot last long.
Listening
Listen to the recording about wave energy. Choose the best option to complete the sentence.
Progress in renewable energy technology will soon allow Viet Nam to ___________effectively and efficiently.
Writing
Write meaningful sentences about the pros and cons of solar energy. Use the words given.
1. solar energy / come directly / sun / renewable energy source / sustainable /.
2. this type / energy / environmentally friendly / not cause pollution /.
3. solar energy / available everywhere / very quiet / devices / not have moving parts /.
Writing
Write meaningful sentences about the pros and cons of solar energy. Use the words given.
1. solar panels / expensive / use rare / special materials / technology / store solar energy / costly /.
2. solar energy / not always available / access / sunlight / limited / certain times /.
3. although / greener / fossil fuels / production / solar panels / emit / greenhouse gases /.
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