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\(I_1=\int cos\left(\frac{\pi x}{2}\right)dx-\int\frac{2}{6x+5}dx=\frac{2}{\pi}\int cos\left(\frac{\pi x}{2}\right)d\left(\frac{\pi x}{2}\right)-\frac{1}{3}\int\frac{d\left(6x+5\right)}{6x+5}\)
\(=\frac{2}{\pi}sin\left(\frac{\pi x}{2}\right)-\frac{1}{3}ln\left|6x+5\right|+C\)
\(I_2=-\frac{1}{2}\int\left(4-x^4\right)^{\frac{1}{2}}d\left(4-x^4\right)=-\frac{1}{2}.\frac{\left(4-x^4\right)^{\frac{3}{2}}}{\frac{3}{2}}+C=\frac{-\sqrt{\left(4-x^4\right)^3}}{3}+C\)
\(I_3=2\int e^{\frac{1}{2}\left(4+x^2\right)}d\left(\frac{1}{2}\left(4+x^2\right)\right)=2e^{\frac{1}{2}\left(4+x^2\right)}+C=2\sqrt{e^{4+x^2}}+C\)
\(I_4=-\frac{1}{2}\int\left(1-x^2\right)^{\frac{1}{3}}d\left(1-x^2\right)=-\frac{1}{2}.\frac{\left(1-x^2\right)^{\frac{4}{3}}}{\frac{4}{3}}+C=-\frac{3}{8}\sqrt[3]{\left(1-x^2\right)^4}+C\)
\(I_5=\int e^{sinx}d\left(sinx\right)=e^{sinx}+C\)
\(I_6=\int\frac{d\left(1+sinx\right)}{1+sinx}=ln\left(1+sinx\right)+C\)
\(I_7=\int\left(x+1\right)\sqrt{x-1}dx\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{x-1}=t\Rightarrow x=t^2+1\Rightarrow dx=2tdt\)
\(\Rightarrow I_7=\int\left(t^2+2\right).t.2t.dt=\int\left(2t^4+4t^2\right)dt=\frac{2}{5}t^5+\frac{4}{3}t^3+C\)
\(=\frac{2}{5}\sqrt{\left(1-x\right)^5}+\frac{4}{3}\sqrt{\left(1-x\right)^3}+C\)
\(I_8=\int\left(2x+1\right)^{20}dx\)
Đặt \(2x+1=t\Rightarrow2dx=dt\Rightarrow dx=\frac{1}{2}dt\)
\(\Rightarrow I_8=\frac{1}{2}\int t^{20}dt=\frac{1}{42}t^{21}+C=\frac{1}{42}\left(2x+1\right)^{21}+C\)
\(I_9=-3\int\left(1-x^3\right)^{-\frac{1}{2}}d\left(1-x^3\right)=-3.\frac{\left(1-x^3\right)^{\frac{1}{2}}}{\frac{1}{2}}+C=-6\sqrt{1-x^3}+C\)
\(I_{10}=\int\frac{x}{\sqrt{2x+3}}dx\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{2x+3}=t\Rightarrow x=\frac{1}{2}t^2-\frac{3}{2}\Rightarrow dx=t.dt\)
\(\Rightarrow I_{10}=\int\frac{\frac{1}{2}t^2-\frac{3}{2}}{t}.t.dt=\frac{1}{2}\int\left(t^2-3\right)dt=\frac{2}{3}t^3-\frac{3}{2}t+C\)
\(=\frac{2}{3}\sqrt{\left(2x+3\right)^3}-\frac{3}{2}\sqrt{2x+3}+C\)
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a)
\(A=2^{2-3\sqrt{5}}.8^{\sqrt{5}}=2^{2-3\sqrt{5}}.2^{3\sqrt{5}}=2^{\left(2-3\sqrt{5}\right)+3\sqrt{5}}=2^2=4\)
\(A=4\)
d)
\(D=\left(4^{2\sqrt{3}}-4^{\sqrt{3}-1}\right).2^{-2\sqrt{3}}=2^{4\sqrt{3}-2\sqrt{3}}-2^{2\sqrt{3}-2-2\sqrt{3}}\)
\(D=2^{2\sqrt{3}}-\dfrac{1}{4}\)
b) \(=\dfrac{3^{1+2\sqrt[3]{2}}}{3^{2\sqrt[3]{2}}}=3^{1+2\sqrt[3]{2}-2\sqrt[3]{2}}=3^1=3\)
c) \(=\dfrac{\left(2.5\right)^{2+\sqrt{7}}}{2^{2+\sqrt{7}}5^{1+\sqrt{7}}}=\dfrac{2^{2+\sqrt{7}}5^{2+\sqrt{7}}}{2^{2+\sqrt{7}}5^{1+\sqrt{7}}}=5\)
d) \(=\left(2^{2.\left(2\sqrt{3}\right)}-2^{2\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)}\right).2^{-2\sqrt{3}}\)
\(=2^{4\sqrt{3}-2\sqrt{3}}-2^{2\sqrt{3}-2-2\sqrt{3}}\)
\(=2^{2\sqrt{3}}-2^{-2}\)
\(=2^{2\sqrt{3}}-\dfrac{1}{2^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{2^{2+2\sqrt{3}}-1}{4}\)
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a/ ĐKXĐ: \(x>\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{3x^2-1}{\sqrt{2x-1}}-\sqrt{2x-1}=mx\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{3x^2-2x}{\sqrt{2x-1}}=mx\Leftrightarrow\frac{3x-2}{\sqrt{2x-1}}=m\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{2x-1}=a>0\Rightarrow x=\frac{a^2+1}{2}\Rightarrow\frac{3a^2-1}{2a}=m\)
Xét hàm \(f\left(a\right)=\frac{3a^2-1}{2a}\) với \(a>0\)
\(f'\left(a\right)=\frac{12a^2-2\left(3a^2-1\right)}{4a^2}=\frac{6a^2+2}{4a^2}>0\)
\(\Rightarrow f\left(a\right)\) đồng biến
Mặt khác \(\lim\limits_{a\rightarrow0^+}\frac{3a^2-1}{2a}=-\infty\); \(\lim\limits_{a\rightarrow+\infty}\frac{3a^2-1}{2a}=+\infty\)
\(\Rightarrow\) Phương trình đã cho luôn có nghiệm với mọi m
b/ ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt[4]{\left(x-1\right)^2}+4m\sqrt[4]{\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)}+\left(m+3\right)\sqrt[4]{\left(x-2\right)^2}=0\)
Nhận thấy \(x=2\) không phải là nghiệm, chia 2 vế cho \(\sqrt[4]{\left(x-2\right)^2}\) ta được:
\(\sqrt[4]{\left(\frac{x-1}{x-2}\right)^2}+4m\sqrt[4]{\frac{x-1}{x-2}}+m+3=0\)
Đặt \(\sqrt[4]{\frac{x-1}{x-2}}=a\) pt trở thành: \(a^2+4m.a+m+3=0\) (1)
Xét \(f\left(x\right)=\frac{x-1}{x-2}\) khi \(x>0\)
\(f'\left(x\right)=\frac{-1}{\left(x-2\right)^2}< 0\Rightarrow f\left(x\right)\) nghịch biến
\(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow2^+}\frac{x-1}{x-2}=+\infty\) ; \(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow+\infty}\frac{x-1}{x-2}=1\) \(\Rightarrow f\left(x\right)>1\Rightarrow a>1\)
\(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow m\left(4a+1\right)=-a^2-3\Leftrightarrow m=\frac{-a^2-3}{4a+1}\)
Xét \(f\left(a\right)=\frac{-a^2-3}{4a+1}\) với \(a>1\)
\(f'\left(a\right)=\frac{-2a\left(4a+1\right)-4\left(-a^2-3\right)}{\left(4a+1\right)^2}=\frac{-4a^2-2a+12}{\left(4a+1\right)^2}=0\Rightarrow a=\frac{3}{2}\)
\(f\left(1\right)=-\frac{4}{5};f\left(\frac{3}{2}\right)=-\frac{3}{4};\) \(\lim\limits_{a\rightarrow+\infty}\frac{-a^2-3}{4a+1}=-\infty\)
\(\Rightarrow f\left(a\right)\le-\frac{3}{4}\Rightarrow m\le-\frac{3}{4}\)
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1) Đặt \(t=1+\sqrt{x-1}\Leftrightarrow x=\left(t-1\right)^2+1\forall t\ge1\Rightarrow dx=d\left(t-1\right)^2=2dt\)
\(\Rightarrow I_1=\int\frac{\left(t-1\right)^2+1}{t}\cdot2dt=2\int\frac{t^2-2t+2}{t}dt=2\int\left(t-2+\frac{2}{t}\right)dt\\ =t^2-4t+4lnt+C\)
Thay x vào ta có...
2) \(I_2=\int\frac{2sinx\cdot cosx}{cos^3x-\left(1-cos^2x\right)-1}dx=\int\frac{-2cosx\cdot d\left(cosx\right)}{cos^3x+cos^2x-2}=\int\frac{-2t\cdot dt}{t^3+t-2}\)
\(I_2=\int\frac{-2t}{\left(t-1\right)\left(t^2+2t+2\right)}dt=-\frac{2}{5}\int\frac{dt}{t-1}+\frac{1}{5}\int\frac{2t+2}{t^2+2t+2}dt-\frac{6}{5}\int\frac{dt}{\left(t+1\right)^2+1}\)
Ta có:
\(\int\frac{2t+2}{t^2+2t+2}dt=\int\frac{d\left(t^2+2t+2\right)}{t^2+2t+2}=ln\left(t^2+2t+2\right)+C\)
\(\int\frac{dt}{\left(t+1\right)^2+1}=\int\frac{\frac{1}{cos^2m}}{tan^2m+1}dm=\int dm=m+C=arctan\left(t+1\right)+C\)
Thay x vào, ta có....
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Câu 1:
Để ý rằng \((2-\sqrt{3})(2+\sqrt{3})=1\) nên nếu đặt
\(\sqrt{2+\sqrt{3}}=a\Rightarrow \sqrt{2-\sqrt{3}}=\frac{1}{a}\)
PT đã cho tương đương với:
\(ma^x+\frac{1}{a^x}=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ma^{2x}-4a^x+1=0\) (*)
Để pt có hai nghiệm phân biệt \(x_1,x_2\) thì pt trên phải có dạng pt bậc 2, tức m khác 0
\(\Delta'=4-m>0\Leftrightarrow m< 4\)
Áp dụng hệ thức Viete, với $x_1,x_2$ là hai nghiệm của pt (*)
\(\left\{\begin{matrix} a^{x_1}+a^{x_2}=\frac{4}{m}\\ a^{x_1}.a^{x_2}=\frac{1}{m}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} a^{x_2}(a^{x_1-x_2}+1)=\frac{4}{m}\\ a^{x_1+x_2}=\frac{1}{m}(1)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Thay \(x_1-x_2=\log_{2+\sqrt{3}}3=\log_{a^2}3\) :
\(\Rightarrow a^{x_2}(a^{\log_{a^2}3}+1)=\frac{4}{m}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^{x_2}(\sqrt{3}+1)=\frac{4}{m}\Rightarrow a^{x_2}=\frac{4}{m(\sqrt{3}+1)}\) (2)
\(a^{x_1}=a^{\log_{a^2}3+x_2}=a^{x_2}.a^{\log_{a^2}3}=a^{x_2}.\sqrt{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow a^{x_1}=\frac{4\sqrt{3}}{m(\sqrt{3}+1)}\) (3)
Từ \((1),(2),(3)\Rightarrow \frac{4}{m(\sqrt{3}+1)}.\frac{4\sqrt{3}}{m(\sqrt{3}+1)}=\frac{1}{m}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{16\sqrt{3}}{m^2(\sqrt{3}+1)^2}=\frac{1}{m}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow m=\frac{16\sqrt{3}}{(\sqrt{3}+1)^2}=-24+16\sqrt{3}\) (thỏa mãn)
Câu 2:
Nếu \(1> x>0\)
\(2017^{x^3}>2017^0\Leftrightarrow 2017^{x^3}>1\)
\(0< x< 1\Rightarrow \frac{1}{x^5}>1\)
\(\Rightarrow 2017^{\frac{1}{x^5}}> 2017^1\Leftrightarrow 2017^{\frac{1}{x^5}}>2017\)
\(\Rightarrow 2017^{x^3}+2017^{\frac{1}{x^5}}> 1+2017=2018\) (đpcm)
Nếu \(x>1\)
\(2017^{x^3}> 2017^{1}\Leftrightarrow 2017^{x^3}>2017 \)
\(\frac{1}{x^5}>0\Rightarrow 2017^{\frac{1}{x^5}}>2017^0\Leftrightarrow 2017^{\frac{1}{5}}>1\)
\(\Rightarrow 2017^{x^3}+2017^{\frac{1}{x^5}}>2018\) (đpcm)
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Không phải tất cả các câu đều dùng nguyên hàm từng phần được đâu nhé, 1 số câu phải dùng đổi biến, đặc biệt những câu liên quan đến căn thức thì đừng dại mà nguyên hàm từng phần (vì càng nguyên hàm từng phần biểu thức nó càng phình to ra chứ không thu gọn lại, vĩnh viễn không ra kết quả đâu)
a/ \(I=\int\frac{9x^2}{\sqrt{1-x^3}}dx\)
Đặt \(u=\sqrt{1-x^3}\Rightarrow u^2=1-x^3\Rightarrow2u.du=-3x^2dx\)
\(\Rightarrow9x^2dx=-6udu\)
\(\Rightarrow I=\int\frac{-6u.du}{u}=-6\int du=-6u+C=-6\sqrt{1-x^3}+C\)
b/ Đặt \(u=1+\sqrt{x}\Rightarrow du=\frac{dx}{2\sqrt{x}}\Rightarrow2du=\frac{dx}{\sqrt{x}}\)
\(\Rightarrow I=\int\frac{2du}{u^3}=2\int u^{-3}du=-u^{-2}+C=-\frac{1}{u^2}+C=-\frac{1}{\left(1+\sqrt{x}\right)^2}+C\)
c/ Đặt \(u=\sqrt{2x+3}\Rightarrow u^2=2x\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{u^2}{2}\\dx=u.du\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow I=\int\frac{u^2.u.du}{2u}=\frac{1}{2}\int u^2du=\frac{1}{6}u^3+C=\frac{1}{6}\sqrt{\left(2x+3\right)^3}+C\)
d/ Đặt \(u=\sqrt{1+e^x}\Rightarrow u^2-1=e^x\Rightarrow2u.du=e^xdx\)
\(\Rightarrow I=\int\frac{\left(u^2-1\right).2u.du}{u}=2\int\left(u^2-1\right)du=\frac{2}{3}u^3-2u+C\)
\(=\frac{2}{3}\sqrt{\left(1+e^x\right)^2}-2\sqrt{1+e^x}+C\)
e/ Đặt \(u=\sqrt[3]{1+lnx}\Rightarrow u^3=1+lnx\Rightarrow3u^2du=\frac{dx}{x}\)
\(\Rightarrow I=\int u.3u^2du=3\int u^3du=\frac{3}{4}u^4+C=\frac{3}{4}\sqrt[3]{\left(1+lnx\right)^4}+C\)
f/ \(I=\int cosx.sin^3xdx\)
Đặt \(u=sinx\Rightarrow du=cosxdx\)
\(\Rightarrow I=\int u^3du=\frac{1}{4}u^4+C=\frac{1}{4}sin^4x+C\)
Đây là một bài toán rất khó ta chỉ có cách từ đáp án suy ra phép tính. Nếu biết được đáp án thì ta có thể trình bày nó là:
\(3=\sqrt{9}\)
\(=\sqrt{1+8}\)
\(=\sqrt{1+2\cdot4}\)
\(=\sqrt{1+2\sqrt{16}}\)
\(=\sqrt{1+2\sqrt{1+15}}\)
\(=\sqrt{1+2\sqrt{1+3\cdot5}}\)
\(=\sqrt{1+2\sqrt{1+3\sqrt{25}}}\)
\(=\sqrt{1+2\sqrt{1+3\sqrt{1+24}}}\)
\(=\sqrt{1+2\sqrt{1+3\sqrt{1+4\cdot6}}}\)
\(=\sqrt{1+2\sqrt{1+3\sqrt{1+4\sqrt{36}}}}\)
\(=\sqrt{1+2\sqrt{1+3\sqrt{1+4\sqrt{1+35}}}}\)
\(=\sqrt{1+2\sqrt{1+3\sqrt{1+4\sqrt{1+5\cdot7}}}}\)
...
Và cứ thế tiếp tục ta có:
\(x=\sqrt{1+2\sqrt{1+3\sqrt{1+4\sqrt{1+5\sqrt{1+...}}}}}=3\)