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\(\dfrac{ab}{a+3b+2c}=\dfrac{ab}{\left(a+c\right)+\left(b+c\right)+2b}\le\dfrac{1}{9}\left(\dfrac{ab}{a+c}+\dfrac{ab}{b+c}+\dfrac{ab}{2b}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{9}\left(\dfrac{ab}{a+c}+\dfrac{ab}{b+c}+\dfrac{a}{2}\right)\)
Tương tự:
\(\dfrac{bc}{b+3c+2a}\le\dfrac{1}{9}\left(\dfrac{bc}{a+b}+\dfrac{bc}{a+c}+\dfrac{b}{2}\right)\)
\(\dfrac{ac}{c+3a+2b}\le\dfrac{1}{9}\left(\dfrac{ac}{b+c}+\dfrac{ac}{a+b}+\dfrac{c}{2}\right)\)
Cộng vế:
\(P\le\dfrac{1}{9}\left(\dfrac{bc+ac}{a+b}+\dfrac{bc+ab}{a+c}+\dfrac{ab+ac}{b+c}+\dfrac{a+b+c}{2}\right)\)
\(P\le\dfrac{1}{9}.\left(a+b+c+\dfrac{a+b+c}{2}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2bc}{2bc+a^2}+\dfrac{2ac}{2ac+b^2}+\dfrac{2ab}{2ab+c^2}\le2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2bc}{2bc+a^2}-1+\dfrac{2ac}{2ac+b^2}-1+\dfrac{2ab}{2ab+c^2}-1\le2-3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{2bc+a^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{2ac+b^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{2ab+c^2}\ge1\)
BĐT trên đúng theo C-S:
\(\dfrac{a^2}{2bc+a^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{2ac+b^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{2ab+c^2}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ca}=1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
\(S=\dfrac{b+c}{a}+\dfrac{c+a}{b}+\dfrac{a+b}{c}\)
\(S=\dfrac{b}{a}+\dfrac{c}{a}+\dfrac{c}{b}+\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{a}{c}+\dfrac{b}{c}=a\left(\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)+b\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)+c\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)\ge a.\dfrac{4}{b+c}+b.\dfrac{4}{a+c}+c.\dfrac{4}{a+b}=4\left(\dfrac{a}{b+c}+\dfrac{b}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{a+b}\right)\)
Dạ vâng ạ, em chiều nay cũng vừa nghĩ ra được cách này.
Em cám ơn nhiều lắm ạ!
C/m : \(\dfrac{1}{a+2}+\dfrac{1}{b+2}+\dfrac{1}{c+2}=1\) (*)
Thật vậy , (*) \(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+2\right)\left(b+2\right)+\left(b+2\right)\left(c+2\right)+\left(a+2\right)\left(c+2\right)=\left(a+2\right)\left(b+2\right)\left(c+2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab+bc+ac+4\left(a+b+c\right)+12=abc+2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)+4\left(a+b+c\right)+8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab+bc+ac+abc=4\) (Đ)
=> (*) đúng ( đpcm )
Áp dụng BĐT cosi dạng \(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+b}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)\cdot\dfrac{1}{4}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+b}\cdot\dfrac{1}{4}\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{a+b}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{2a+b+c}=\dfrac{a}{a+b+a+c}\le\dfrac{a}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{a+c}\right)\)
Cmtt \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{b}{a+2b+c}\le\dfrac{b}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}\right)\\\dfrac{c}{a+b+2c}\le\dfrac{c}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a+c}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Cộng VTV 3 BĐT trên:
\(\Leftrightarrow VT\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{a}{a+c}+\dfrac{b}{a+b}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}+\dfrac{c}{a+c}+\dfrac{c}{b+c}\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow VT\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{a+b}{a+b}+\dfrac{b+c}{b+c}+\dfrac{a+c}{a+c}\right)=\dfrac{1}{4}\cdot3=\dfrac{3}{4}\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
Cám ơn thầy nhiều lắm ạ!