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1)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-2+\dfrac{1}{x^2}\right)+\left(y^2-2+\dfrac{1}{y^2}\right)+z^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-\dfrac{1}{x}\right)^2+\left(y-\dfrac{1}{y}\right)^2+z^2=0\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-\dfrac{1}{x}=0\Rightarrow\left|x\right|=1\\y-\dfrac{1}{y}=0\Rightarrow\left|y\right|=1\\z=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
dk\(x,y,z,a,b,c\ne0\)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{a}{x}=A\\\dfrac{b}{y}=B\\\dfrac{c}{z}=C\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow A,B,C\ne0\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}A+B+C=2\\\dfrac{1}{A}+\dfrac{1}{B}+\dfrac{1}{C}=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}A^2+B^2+C^2+2\left(AB+BC+AC\right)=4\\\dfrac{ABC}{A}+\dfrac{ABC}{B}+\dfrac{ABC}{C}=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}AB+BC+AC=0\\A^2+B^2+C^2=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left(\dfrac{a}{x}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{b}{y}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{c}{z}\right)^2=4\)
b) \(\left(a+b\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)\)
= \(1+\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}+1\)
=\(2+\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}\)
áp dụng BĐT cô si cho 2 số ta có
\(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{b}.\dfrac{b}{a}}=2\)
=> \(2+\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}\ge4\)
<=> \(\left(a+b\right)\left(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}\right)\ge4\)(đpcm)
a: \(A=\left(100^2-1\right)\left(100^4+100^2+1\right)=100^6-1\)
b: \(B=\left(\dfrac{1}{5}a-b\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{25}a^2+\dfrac{1}{5}ab+b^2\right)=\left(\dfrac{1}{5}a\right)^3-b^3=\dfrac{1}{125}a^3-b^3\)
c: \(C=\left(2+a\right)\left(4-2a+a^2\right)\left(2-a\right)\left(4+2a+a^2\right)\)
\(=\left(8+a^3\right)\left(8-a^3\right)=64-a^6\)
a)Đặt \(A=\dfrac{1}{8}x^3-\dfrac{3}{4}x^2+\dfrac{3}{2}x-1\)
\(A=\dfrac{1}{8}\left(x^3-6x^2+12x-8\right)\)
\(A=\dfrac{1}{8}\left(x-2\right)^3\)
b,\(x^4+2015x^2+2014x+2015=x^4+2015x^2+2015x-x+2015=x\left(x^3-1\right)+2015\left(X^2+x+1\right)=x\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)+2015\left(x^2+x+1\right)=\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+2015\right)\)
\(\left(\dfrac{a-3}{a}-\dfrac{a}{a-3}+\dfrac{9}{a^2-3a}\right):\dfrac{2a+2}{a}=\left(\dfrac{a-3}{a}-\dfrac{a}{a-3}+\dfrac{9}{a\left(a-3\right)}\right):\dfrac{2a+2}{a}=\left(\dfrac{a^2-6a+9}{a\left(a-3\right)}-\dfrac{a^2}{a\left(a-3\right)}+\dfrac{9}{a\left(a-3\right)}\right):\dfrac{2a+2}{a}=\left(\dfrac{a^2-6a+9-a^2+9}{a\left(a-3\right)}\right):\dfrac{2a+2}{a}=\dfrac{18-6a}{a\left(a-3\right)}:\dfrac{2a+2}{a}=\dfrac{6a-18}{\left(-a\right)\left(3-a\right)}:\dfrac{2a+2}{a}=\dfrac{6}{\left(-a\right)}:\dfrac{2a+2}{a}=\dfrac{6a}{\left(-2a^2\right)+\left(-2a\right)}.DKXD:a\ne0;a\ne3\)
\(e,\)
\(\left(\dfrac{1}{3}a^3b+\dfrac{1}{3}a^2b^2-\dfrac{1}{4}ab^3\right):5ab\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{15}a^2+\dfrac{1}{15}ab-\dfrac{1}{20}b^2\)
\(f,\)
\(\left(-\dfrac{2}{3}x^5y^2+\dfrac{3}{4}x^4y^3-\dfrac{4}{5}x^3y^4\right):6x^2y^2\)
\(=-\dfrac{1}{9}x^3+\dfrac{1}{8}x^2y-\dfrac{2}{15}xy^2\)
\(g,\)
\(\left(\dfrac{3}{4}a^6b^3+\dfrac{6}{5}a^3b^4-\dfrac{5}{10}ab^5\right):\left(\dfrac{3}{5}ab^3\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{5}{4}a^5+2a^2b-\dfrac{5}{6}b^2\)
Bài 1: \(a+b\ge1\). cm \(a^4+b^4\ge\dfrac{1}{8}\)
ta có : \(a^2+b^2\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\left(a+b\right)^2=\dfrac{1}{2}\)(BĐT bunyakovsky)
Áp dụng BĐt bunyakovsky 1 lần nữa:
\(a^4+b^4\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\left(a^2+b^2\right)^2\ge\dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{1}{4}=\dfrac{1}{8}\)
dấu = xảy ra khi \(a=b=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Bài 2:
Áp dụng BĐT bunyakovsky dạng đa thức và phân thức:
\(\left(\dfrac{a^3}{b^2}+\dfrac{b^3}{c^2}+\dfrac{c^3}{a^2}\right)\left(a+b+c\right)\ge\left(\dfrac{a^2}{b}+\dfrac{b^2}{c}+\dfrac{c^2}{a}\right)^2\ge\left[\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a+b+c}\right]^2=\left(a+b+c\right)^2\)
do đó \(\dfrac{a^3}{b^2}+\dfrac{b^3}{c^2}+\dfrac{c^3}{a^2}\ge a+b+c\)
dấu = xảy ra khi a=b=c
Bài 1:
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz ta có:
\(\left(1^2+1^2\right)\left(a^2+b^2\right)\ge\left(a+b\right)^2=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2\right)\ge1\Rightarrow a^2+b^2\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Lại theo Cauchy-Schwarz lần nữa:
\(\left[\left(1^2\right)^2+\left(1^2\right)^2\right]\left[\left(a^2\right)^2+\left(b^2\right)^2\right]\ge\left(a^2+b^2\right)^2=\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(a^4+b^4\right)\ge\dfrac{1}{4}\Leftrightarrow a^4+b^4\ge\dfrac{1}{8}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Bài 2:
Trước tiên ta chứng minh \(\dfrac{a^3}{b^2}+\dfrac{b^3}{c^2}+\dfrac{c^3}{a^2}\ge\dfrac{a^2}{b}+\dfrac{b^2}{c}+\dfrac{c^2}{a}\)
Ta chứng minh bổ đề: \(\dfrac{a^3}{b^2}\ge\dfrac{a^2}{b}+a-b\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3\ge ab\left(a+b\right)\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\left(a+b\right)\ge0\)(đúng)
Viết các BĐT tương tự và cộng lại
\(\dfrac{a^3}{b^2}+\dfrac{b^3}{c^2}+\dfrac{c^3}{a^2}\ge\dfrac{a^2}{b}+a-b+\dfrac{b^2}{c}+b-c+\dfrac{c^2}{a}+c-a=\dfrac{a^2}{b}+\dfrac{b^2}{c}+\dfrac{c^2}{a}\left(1\right)\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz dạng Engel ta có:
\(\dfrac{a^2}{b}+\dfrac{b^2}{c}+\dfrac{c^2}{a}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a+b+c}=a+b+c\left(2\right)\)
Từ \((1);(2)\) ta thu được ĐPCM
\(A=\left[\dfrac{a^2-2a+4}{a-2}:\left(a^3+8\right)+\dfrac{a-2}{a^3+8}\cdot\dfrac{a^2-2a+4}{a^2-4}\right]\cdot\left(a^2-4\right)\)
\(=\left[\dfrac{a^2-2a+4}{a-2}\cdot\dfrac{1}{\left(a+2\right)\left(a^2-2a+4\right)}+\dfrac{a-2}{\left(a+2\right)\left(a^2-2a+4\right)}\cdot\dfrac{a^2-2a+4}{a^2-4}\right]\cdot\left(a^2-4\right)\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{1}{\left(a+2\right)\left(a-2\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(a+2\right)^2}\right)\cdot\left(a^2-4\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{a+2+a-2}{\left(a+2\right)^2\cdot\left(a-2\right)}\cdot\dfrac{\left(a+2\right)^2\cdot\left(a-2\right)^2}{1}\)
\(=2a\left(a-2\right)\)
Để A là số nguyên thì \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a\in Z\\a\notin\left\{2;-2\right\}\end{matrix}\right.\)