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<=> x^2 + y^2 + z^2 - xy - 3y - 2z + 4 <= 0
<=> (x^2 - xy + 1/4y^2) + (3/4y^2 - 3y + 3) + (z^2 - 2z + 1) <= 0
<=> (x^2 - xy + 1/4y^2) + 3(1/4y^2 - y + 1) + (z^2 - 2z + 1) <=0
<=> (x-1/2y)^2 + 3(1/2y-1)^2 + (z-1)^2 <=0
Nhận xét: 3 cái bình phương đều >=0 với mọi x,y,z nên VT>=0 với mọi x,y,z. Để bất phương trình đúng thì VT=0 <=> 3 cái đồng thời = 0
<=> x = 1/2y và 1/2y = 1 và z = 1.
Bạn giải 3 phương trình trên => x = 1, y = 2, z = 1.
x2 + y2 + z2 = xy + 3y + 2z - 4
<=> 4x2 + 4y2 + 4z2 = 4xy + 12y + 8z - 16
<=> (4x2 - 4xy + y2) + (3y2 - 12y + 12) + (4z2 - 8z + 4) = 0
<=> (2x - y)2 + 3(y - 2)2 + (2z - 2)2 = 0
Dấu = xảy ra khi
\(\hept{\begin{cases}2x-y=0\\y-2=0\\2z-2=0\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=2\\z=1\end{cases}}\)
\(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-3y-2z+4\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(4x^2+4y^2+4z^2-4xy-12y-8z+16\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(4x^2-4xy+y^2\right)+3\left(y^2-4y+4\right)+\left(4z^2-8z+4\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(2x-y\right)^2+3\left(y-2\right)^2+2\left(z-1\right)^2\ge0\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\hept{\begin{cases}2x-y=0\\y-2=0\\z-1=0\end{cases}}\) \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=2\\z=1\end{cases}}\)
a/ +) \(\dfrac{x}{3}=\dfrac{y}{4}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x}{9}=\dfrac{y}{12}\)\(\left(1\right)\)
+) \(\dfrac{y}{3}=\dfrac{z}{5}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{y}{12}=\dfrac{z}{20}\left(2\right)\)
Từ \(\left(1\right)+\left(2\right)\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x}{9}=\dfrac{y}{12}=\dfrac{z}{20}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2x}{18}=\dfrac{3y}{36}=\dfrac{z}{20}\)
Theo t/c dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có :
\(\dfrac{2x}{18}=\dfrac{3y}{36}=\dfrac{z}{20}=\dfrac{2x-3y+z}{18-36+20}=\dfrac{6}{2}=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x}{9}=3\\\dfrac{y}{12}=3\\\dfrac{z}{20}=3\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=27\\y=36\\z=60\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy ..
b/ \(2x=3y=5z\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2x}{30}=\dfrac{3y}{30}=\dfrac{5z}{30}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x}{15}=\dfrac{y}{10}=\dfrac{z}{6}\)
Theo t/c dãy tỉ số bằng nhau tcos :
\(\dfrac{x}{15}=\dfrac{y}{10}=\dfrac{z}{6}=\dfrac{x+y-z}{15+10-6}=\dfrac{95}{19}=5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x}{15}=5\\\dfrac{y}{10}=5\\\dfrac{z}{6}=5\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=75\\y=50\\z=30\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy..
c/ tương tự
a) Áp dụng bài toán sau : a + b + c = 0 \(\Rightarrow\)a3 + b3 + c3 = 3abc
\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=0\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x^3}+\frac{1}{y^3}+\frac{1}{z^3}=3.\frac{1}{x}.\frac{1}{y}.\frac{1}{z}\)
Ta có : \(A=\frac{yz}{x^2}+\frac{xz}{y^2}+\frac{xy}{z^2}=\frac{xyz}{x^3}+\frac{xyz}{y^3}+\frac{xyz}{z^3}\)
\(A=xyz.\left(\frac{1}{x^3}+\frac{1}{y^3}+\frac{1}{z^3}\right)=xyz.3.\frac{1}{xyz}=3\)
b) x2 + y2 + z2 - xy - 3y - 2z + 4 = 0
4x2 + 4y2 + 4z2 - 4xy - 12y - 8z + 16 = 0
( 4x2 - 4xy + y2 ) + ( 3y2 - 12y + 12 ) + ( 4z2 - 8z + 4 ) = 0
( 2x - y )2 + 3 ( y - 2 )2 + 4 ( z - 1 )2 = 0
Ta có : ( 2x - y )2 \(\ge\)0 ; 3 ( y - 2 )2 \(\ge\)0 ; 4 ( z - 1 )2 \(\ge\)0
Mà ( 2x - y )2 + 3 ( y - 2 )2 + 4 ( z - 1 )2 = 0
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\hept{\begin{cases}2x-y=0\\y-2=0\\z-1=0\end{cases}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=2\\z=1\end{cases}}}\)
Vậy ....
Ta đặt: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x^2}=a\\\dfrac{1}{y^2}=b\\\dfrac{1}{z^2}=c\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{abc}=abc=1\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{ab}+1}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{bc}+1}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{ca}+1}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{ab}+1}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{b}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a}}+1}+\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{ab}}+\sqrt{ca}+1}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{ab}+1}+\dfrac{\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{ba}+1+\sqrt{a}}+\dfrac{1}{1+\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{a}}=1\)
Quay lại bài toán, sau khi đặt bài toán trở thành:
\(P=\dfrac{1}{2b+a+3}+\dfrac{1}{2c+b+3}+\dfrac{1}{2a+c+3}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{\left(a+b\right)+\left(b+1\right)+2}+\dfrac{1}{\left(b+c\right)+\left(c+1\right)+2}+\dfrac{1}{\left(c+a\right)+\left(a+1\right)+2}\)
\(\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{ab}+1}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{bc}+1}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{ca}+1}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Cái đó t cố tình bỏ đấy. B phải tự làm chứ chẳng lẽ t làm hết??
\(x^2+y^2+z^2=xy+yz+zx\)
\(2.\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)=2.\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow2.\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)-2xy-2yz-2zx=0\)
\(\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+\left(y^2-2yz+z^2\right)+\left(z^2-2zx+x^2\right)=0\)
\(\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2=0\)
Ta có: \(VT\ge0\forall x;y;z\)( tự c/m. nếu b ko c/m được thì bảo mình )
Mà \(\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x-y\right)^2=0\\\left(y-z\right)^2=0\\\left(z-x\right)^2=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x-y=0\\y-z=0\\z-x=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}}\hept{\begin{cases}x=y\\y=z\\z=x\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow x=y=z}\)
Có \(x^{2014}+y^{2014}+z^{2014}=3\)
\(\Rightarrow3.x^{2014}=3\)
\(\Rightarrow x^{2014}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow x=1\)
\(\Rightarrow x=y=z=1\)
Có: \(P=x^{25}+y^4+z^{2015}\)
\(\Rightarrow P=1^{25}+1^4+1^{2015}\)
\(P=1+1+1\)
\(P=3\)
Vậy \(P=3\)
Tham khảo nhé~
Ta có: x2+y2+z2=xy+yz+zx
<=>2x2+2y2+2z2=2xy+2yz+2zx
<=>2x2+2y2+2z2-2xy-2yz-2zx=0
<=>(x2-2xy+y2)+(y2-2yz+z2)+(z2-2zx+x2)=0
<=>(x-y)2+(y-z)2+(z-x)2=0
Vì \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\\\left(y-z\right)^2\ge0\\\left(z-x\right)^2\ge0\end{cases}\Rightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2\ge0}\)
=>\(\hept{\begin{cases}x-y=0\\y-z=0\\z-x=0\end{cases}\Rightarrow x=y=z}\)
=>x2014=y2014=z2014
Lại có: x2014+y2014+z2014 = 3
=>3x2014 = 3 => x2014 = 1 => \(x=\pm1\)
=>\(x=y=z=\pm1\)
Thay x,y,z vào P rồi tính