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a.\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{m_{Al}}{M_{Al}}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2mol\)
\(4Al+3O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2Al_2O_3\)
4 3 2 ( mol )
0,2 0,1
\(m_{Al_2O_3}=n_{Al_2O_3}.M_{Al_2O_3}=0,1.102=10,2g\)
b.\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2mol\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{V}{22,4}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1mol\)
\(4Al+3O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2Al_2O_3\)
4 3 2
0,2 < 0,1 ( mol )
0,1 1/15
\(m_{Al_2O_3}=n.M=\dfrac{1}{15}.102=6,8g\)
a) \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH : 4Al + 3O2 -> 2Al2O3
0,2 0,1
\(m_{Al_2O_3}=0,1.102=10,2\left(g\right)\)
b. \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH : 4Al + 3O2 -> 2Al2O3
0,1 \(\dfrac{0,2}{3}\)
Xét tỉ lệ : \(\dfrac{0,2}{4}>\dfrac{0,1}{3}\) => Al dư , O2 đủ
\(m_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{0,2}{3}.102=6,8\left(g\right)\)
a)
A: H2O
B: O2
C: Al, Al2O3
D: AlCl3, HCl
E: H2
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\); \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{3,584}{22,4}=0,16\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2H2 + O2 --to--> 2H2O
0,2-->0,1------->0,2
=> mH2O(A) = 0,2.18 = 3,6 (g)
\(n_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=0,16-0,1=0,06\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 4Al + 3O2 --to--> 2Al2O3
0,08<-0,06------>0,04
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al_2O_3\left(C\right)}=0,04.102=4,08\left(g\right)\\m_{Al\left(C\right)}=2,7-0,08.27=0,54\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
b)
nHCl = 0,1.4 = 0,4 (mol)
\(n_{Al\left(C\right)}=\dfrac{0,54}{27}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
0,02->0,06---->0,02-->0,03
Al2O3 + 6HCl --> 2AlCl3 + 3H2O
0,04-->0,24---->0,08
=> \(D\left\{{}\begin{matrix}AlCl_3:0,02+0,08=0,1\left(mol\right)\\HCl\left(dư\right):0,4-0,06-0,24=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{M\left(AlCl_3\right)}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,1}=1M\\C_{M\left(HCl.dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,1}=1M\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) VO2(B) = 0,06.22,4 = 1,344 (l)
VH2(E) = 0,03.22,4 = 0,672 (l)
a) $2Al + 3H_2SO_4 \to Al_2(SO_4)_3 + 3H_2$
b)
$n_{H_2SO_4} = \dfrac{200.15\%}{98} = \dfrac{15}{49}(mol)$
Theo PTHH :
$n_{H_2} = n_{H_2SO_4} = \dfrac{15}{49}(mol)$
$n_{Al_2(SO_4)_3} = \dfrac{1}{3}n_{H_2SO_4} = \dfrac{5}{49}(mol)$
Vậy :
$V_{H_2} = \dfrac{15}{49}.22,4 = 6,86(lít)$
$m_{Al_2(SO_4)_3} = \dfrac{5}{49}.342 = 34,9(gam)$
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{200\cdot15\%}{98}=\dfrac{15}{49}\left(mol\right)\)
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
\(........\dfrac{15}{49}.........\dfrac{5}{49}......\dfrac{15}{49}\)
\(m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{5}{49}\cdot342=35\left(g\right)\)
\(V_{H_2}=\dfrac{15}{49}\cdot22.4=6.85\left(l\right)\)
a) PTHH : \(2Zn+O_2-t^o->2ZnO\)
b) \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{19,5}{65}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PTHH : \(n_{O2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Zn}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(V_{O2}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)
c) Theo PTHH : \(n_{ZnO}=n_{Zn}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{ZnO}=0,3.81=24,3\left(g\right)\)
vậy ...
\(\begin{array}{l} a,\ PTHH:2Zn+O_2\xrightarrow{t^o} 2ZnO\\ b,\\ n_{Zn}=\dfrac{19,5}{65}=0,3\ (mol)\\ Theo\ pt:\ n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Zn}=0,15\ (mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{O_2}=0,15\times 22,4=3,36\ (l)\\ c,\\ Theo\ pt:\ n_{ZnO}=n_{Zn}=0,3\ (mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{ZnO}=0,3\times 81=24,3\ (g)\end{array}\)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{8,1}{27}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
0,3 0,45
\(C_{M\left(H_2SO_4\right)}=\dfrac{0,45}{0,3}=1,5M\\
n_{CuO}=\dfrac{40}{80}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)
\(LTL:\dfrac{0,5}{1}>\dfrac{0,45}{1}\)
=> CuO dư
\(n_{CuO\left(p\text{ư}\right)}=n_{Cu}=n_{H_2}=0,45\left(mol\right)\\
m_{Cr}=\left(0,5-0,45\right).80+0,45.64=32,8g\)
\(4Al + 3O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2Al_2O_3\\ 3Fe + 2O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} Fe_3O_4\\ Fe_3O_4 + 4H_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 3Fe + 4H_2O\\ Ta\ có :\\ m_O = m_B - m_{hh} = 5,4 - 4,44 = 0,96(mol)\\ n_O = \dfrac{0,96}{32} = 0,03(mol)\\ \Rightarrow n_{Al_2O_3}= \dfrac{1}{3}n_O = 0,01(mol)\\ \Rightarrow n_{Al} = 2n_{Al_2O_3} = 0,02(mol)\\ m_{Al} = 0,02.54 = 1,08(gam)\\ m_{Fe} = 4,44 - 1,08 = 3,36(gam)\)
a.\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2mol\)
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
0,2 0,2 0,3 ( mol )
\(m_{AlCl_3}=0,2.133,5=26,7g\)
\(V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72l\)
b.\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{56}{80}=0,7mol\)
\(CuO+H_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)Cu+H_2O\)
0,7 < 0,3 ( mol )
0,3 0,3 0,3 ( mol )
\(m_X=m_{CuO\left(dư\right)}+m_{Cu}=\left[\left(0,7-0,3\right).80\right]+\left(0,3.64\right)=51,2g\)
4Al + 3O2 => 2Al2O3
2Al dư + 6HCl => 2AlCl3 + 3H2
Al2O3 + 6HCl => 2AlCl3 + 3H2O
4Al +3O2 = 2Al2O3 (1)
Al2O3 +6HCl = 2AlCl3 + 3 H2O (2)
pt (1) có nhiệt độ