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In Vietnam, Ede people are the 12th among 54 ethnic groups. It is estimated that more than 331,000 Ede people reside mainly in the provinces of Daklak, southern of Gia Lai province and the west. of the two provinces of Khanh Hoa and Phu Yen of Vietnam.
Ede ethnic group in the community of ethnic groups in Vietnam - photo 1
Picture: internet
The Ede people are native speakers of the Malay language, having long-standing origins from the sea. Although migrating to central Vietnam and migrating to the Central Highlands during the late eighteenth and fifteenth centuries, in the depths of the E de people, waterfronts and boats are still images. Pictures have not faded.
Ede long stilts have a long boat shape, the main door opens to the left, the window opens to the side. Inside the house is a wooden dome with the same roof. Ede houses are low-floor type houses, usually from 15 to more than 100 m depending on family or many people. It is the Ede house with unique characteristics unlike the houses of other residents in the Central Highlands. It is home to large matrilineal families. The long house is also a symbolic work reflecting the most typical of Ede ethnic culture. Ethnologist Dr. Liu Hung, deputy director of the Museum of Ethnology of Vietnam, said: "In terms of culture, the long house is a large exhibit showing many things, Dike is a matriarchal society. Symbols of matriarchal society show up from the Ede long house, which is a woman-made twin image of a woman's full breast on the stairs to the north of the house and sides. column in the house. The items in the home also show the matriarchy. "
In the Ede family, the landlord is a woman. According to the matriarchal system, the children bear the maternal family, the son does not inherit. Men marry and live at home wife. Only the daughter inherited the property, the youngest daughter inherited the church and grandparents responsible for raising old parents. When a girl marries, the house will be extended to new families. Looking at the window of the long house can know the Ede girl is married or not. If the window is opened, the woman is married.
In production, the Ede people used to hunt, gather, cultivate, fish, weave, weave, etc. The agricultural characteristics of the E de people are rotational, In addition to cultivated lands, there are also wild lands where the land can be rested. Nowadays, the Ede people do not only cultivate fields, they are also associated with processing agricultural products, planting industrial crops such as coffee, rubber, pepper, cocoa ... In addition to cultivation, cattle, elephants. The villagers in E de village also make knitwear, bronze bowls, wooden furniture, jewelry, pottery ... to serve spiritual rituals and daily life activities.
In the spiritual life, E de people consider Gie (God) as the supreme god, and from time immemorial E de people consider the things and phenomena of nature as separate gods. Rain god, mountain god, river god, forest god ... and according to the concept of the people, every thing from grass to trees, gongs, gongs ... are souls inside. Nguyen Tru, a researcher in the Central Highlands, said: "It was natural conditions, rivers and mountains that created the culture of the E de people. It is also a way for the Ede to remember their ancestors, the forest, grateful for what they have, what makes life today. Therefore, even the gongs, gongs also bring the sound toward the mountains, forests towards the river ... "
On the first day of Tet, adults (those who have already got married and have income) are supposed to prepare some “lucky money” to give the children and kids when visiting other’s homes as a symbol of luck for the coming New Year. People are also supposed to say best wishes to others. These activities are done with the expectation that luck and good things are brought to everyone.
The Khmer people have a population of about 1,260,600 people. They mostly live in the provinces of Mekong Delta. Their language belongs to the Mon-Khmer group. In addition, the Khmer is one of the 24 Vietnamese ethnic groups that have their own writting system. The system dates back about a thousand years. The Khmer are experenced farmers. They grown rice, raise cattle and poultry, make sugar for living. They have 2 main holiday: Chaul Chnam Thmey (New Year) and Greeting-the-Moon festival. The latter, which is also called Ok Om Bok, is hold to thank the Moon for favourable weather and a good harvest as well as to wish for the next successful crop.
Chúc bạn học tốt!!
1. Clean and decorate the home. (Làm sạch và trang trí ngôi nhà.)
Homes are often cleaned and decorated before New Year's Eve. Children are in charge of sweeping and scrubbing the floor. The kitchen needs to be cleaned before the 23rd night of the last month. Usually, the head of the household cleans the dust and ashes (from incense) from the ancestral altars. It is a common belief that cleaning the house will get rid of the bad fortunes associated with the old year. Some people would paint their house and decorate with festive items.
Căn nhà thường được dọn dẹp và trang trí trước khi đêm giao thừa. Trẻ em được phụ trách việc quét và lau chùi kỹ phần sàn nhà. Nhà bếp cần được lau chùi trước đêm 23 tháng Chạp. Thông thường, chủ hộ gia đình làm sạch bụi và tàn nhang (từ hương trầm) trên bàn thờ tổ tiên. Đó là một tín ngưỡng chung rằng ngôi nhà sạch sẽ xua đi các vận xấu trong năm cũ. Một số người sơn lại căn nhà và trang trí các vật dung cho lễ hội.
2. Literally means "getting new clothes" (Nghĩa đen là "mặc quần áo mới")
This is often the most exciting part of the Vietnamese New Year among children. Parents usually purchase new clothes and shoes for their children a month prior to the New Year. However, children cannot wear their new clothes until the first day of the New Year and onward. The best outfit is always worn on the first day of the year.
Đây thường là phần thú vị nhất trong năm mới đối với trẻ con. Phụ huynh thường mua quần áo và giày dép mới cho con cái họ một tháng trước ngày năm mới. Tuy nhiên, bọn trẻ không thể mặc quần áo mới của chúng cho đến ngày đầu tiên của năm mới trở đi. Bộ đẹp nhất luôn luôn được mặc vào ngày đầu tiên của năm.
3. Farewell ceremony for the Kitchen Gods (Ong Tao) (Cúng tiễn các vị thần bếp về trời (Ông Táo))
Seven days (the 23rd night of the last lunar month) prior to Tet, each Vietnamese family offers a farewell ceremony for Ong Tao to go up to Heaven Palace. His task is to make an annual report to the Jade Emperor of the family's affairs throughout the year.
Bảy ngày (đêm 23 tháng Chạp âm lịch) trước Tết, mỗi gia đình Việt Nam làm một lễ cúng tiễn Ông Táo về trời để đi đến Thiên đình. Nhiệm vụ của ông là làm một báo cáo hàng năm cho Ngọc Hoàng về các vấn đề của gia đình trong suốt cả năm.
4. Lunar New Year's Eve (Đêm giao thừa)
However, in a literal translation, it means "Passage from the Old to the New Year". It is a common belief among Vietnamese people that there are 12 Sacred Animals from the Zodiac taking turn monitoring and controlling the affairs of the earth. Thus, Giao Thua (New Year's Eve)is the moment of seeing the old chief (Dragon for 2000) end his ruling term and pass his power to the new chief (Snake for 2001). Giao Thua is also the time for Ong Tao (Kitchen God) to return to earth after making the report to the Jade Emperor. Every single family should offer an open-air ceremony to welcome him back to their kitchen.
Tuy nhiên, trong một bản dịch, nó có nghĩa là "Năm cũ qua năm mới đến". Đó là một tín ngưỡng chung của người Việt Nam rằng có 12 con vật linh thiêng từ Hoàng Đạo theo dõi và kiểm soát công việc của trái đất. Vì vậy, Giao Thừa (Đêm trước năm mới) là thời điểm nhìn thấy những linh vật cũ (Canh Thìn năm 2000) cầm quyền kết thúc nhiệm kỳ và chuyển giao sức mạnh của mình qua các linh vật mới (Tân Tỵ vào năm 2001). Giao Thừa cũng là thời gian cho Ông Táo (Táo quân) để trở về trái đất sau khi thực hiện báo cáo với Ngọc Hoàng. Mỗi gia đình cần cúng một lễ để đón Táo Quân trở về nhà bếp của họ.
5. The Aura of the Earth (Người xông đất)
Giao Thua is the most sacred time of the year. Therefore, the first houseguest to offer the first greeting is very important. If that particular guest has a good aura (well respected, well educated, successful, famous, etc.), then the family believes that they will receive luck and good fortune throughout the year. The belief of Xong Dat still remains nowadays, especially among families with businesses.
Giao Thừa là thời gian thiêng liêng nhất của năm. Vì vậy, vị khách đến nhà đầu tiên là rất quan trọng. Nếu đó là người khách đặc biệt có ảnh hưởng tốt (được tôn trọng, có học vị, thành công, nổi tiếng,...), gia đình đó tin rằng họ sẽ có được được may mắn và vận mệnh tốt trong suốt cả năm. Tín ngưỡng Xông Đất vẫn còn tồn tại đến ngày nay, đặc biệt là các gia đình có làm ăn kinh doanh.
6. Apricot flowers and peach flowers (Hoa mai và hoa đào)
Flower buds and blossoms are the symbols for new beginning. These two distinctive flowers are widely sold and purchased during Tet. Hoa Mai are the yellow apricot flowers often seen in Southern Viet Nam. Hoa Mai are more adaptable to the hot weather of southern regions, thus, it is known as the primary flower in every home. Hoa Dao are the warm pink of the peach blossoms that match well with the dry, cold weather from the North. Tet is not Tet if there is no sight of Hoa Mai (south) or Hoa Dao (north) in every home.
Chồi hoa và hoa là những biểu tượng cho sự khởi đầu mới. Hai loại hoa đặc biệt được bán rộng rãi và mua trong thời gian Tết. Hoa Mai vàng thường được thấy ở miền Nam Việt Nam. Hoa Mai thích nghi nhiều hơn với thời tiết nóng của khu vực phía Nam, do đó, nó được coi là loài hoa chính của mọi nhà. Hoa Đào màu hồng phù hợp với thời tiết khô lạnh ở phía Bắc. Tết sẽ không là Tết nếu không có sự xuất hiện của Hoa Mai (phía nam) hoặc Hoa Đào (phía bắc) trong mỗi nhà.
7. Giving away red envelopes (filled with lucky money) (Phát phong bao màu đỏ (với tiền mừng tuổi))
This is a cultural practice that has been maintained for generations. The red envelopes symbolize luck and wealth. It is very common to see older people giving away sealed red envelopes to younger people. Reciprocally, the older ones would return good advice and words of wisdom, encouraging the younger ones to keep up with the schoolwork, live harmoniously with others, and obey their parents.
This greeting ritual and Li Xi is also known as Mung Tuoi, honoring the achievement of another year to one's life.
Đây là một nét văn hóa đã được duy trì qua nhiều thế hệ. Các phong bao màu đỏ tượng trưng cho sự may mắn và giàu có. Việc người lớn tuổi cho mừng tuổi đỏ cho những người trẻ hơn rất phổ biến. Bên cạnh đó, những người lớn tuổi sẽ đưa ra những lời khuyên răng và chỉ bảo, khuyến khích những người trẻ hơn theo đuổi việc học, sống vui vẻ với những người khác và vâng lời cha mẹ.
Phần chúc mừng năm mới và Lì Xì còn được gọi là Mừng Tuổi, ăn mừng những thành tựu một năm qua của một người.
8. Making offers for the Ancestors (Thực hiện cúng tổ tiên)
This ceremony is held on the first day of the New Year before noontime. The head of the household should perform the proper ritual (offering food, wine, cakes, fruits, and burn incense) to invite the souls of the ancestors to join the celebration with the family. This is the time families honor the souls of their ancestors and present the welfare of the family.
Lễ này được tổ chức vào ngày đầu tiên của năm mới trước buổi chiều. Chủ hộ gia đình cần thực hiện đúng các nghi thức (cúng thức ăn, rượu, bánh, hoa quả và thắp hương) để mời linh hồn của tổ tiên tham gia buổi lễ cùng với gia đình. Đây là thời gian các gia đình tưởng nhớ những linh hồn của tổ tiên họ và thể hiện sự thịnh vượng của gia đình.
Vietnamese New Year Foods (Thức ăn trong ngày Tết của người Việt Nam)
One of the most traditional special foods for New Years (Tet) of Vietnamese is Banh Chung or sticky rice cake. Banh Chung is made of sticky rice, pork meat and green bean, every ingredient is wrapper inside a special leaf which calls Dong. Making the Banh Chung requires care and precision in every step. The rice and green bean has to be soaked in water for a day to make it stickier. The pork meat is usually soaked with pepper for several hours. Squaring off and tying the cakes with bamboo strings require skillful hands to make it a perfect square.
Một trong những thức ăn truyền thống đặc biệt cho năm mới (Tết) của người Việt Nam là Bánh Chưng hoặc bánh Dày. Bánh Chưng được làm bằng gạo nếp, thịt heo và đậu xanh, mỗi thành phần được gói bên trong một loại lá đặc biệt được gọi lá Dong. Làm Bánh Chưng đòi hỏi phải có sự chú ý và độ chính xác trong từng bước. Gạo và đậu xanh phải được ngâm trong nước trước một ngày để làm cho nó dẻo. Thịt lợn thường được trộn với hạt tiêu khoảng vài giờ. Việc gói bánh và buộc bằng dây tre đòi hỏi bàn tay khéo léo để nó thành một hình vuông hoàn hảo.
Banh Chung is a must among other foods to be placed on the ancestors' altars during Tet holiday. In the old time, one or two days before Tet, every family prepares and cooks the Banh Chung around the warm fire. It is also the time for parents to tell their children folklore stories. Nowadays, families which live in villages still maitain making Banh Chung before New Years but the people in the city does not. They don't have time and prefer to go to the shop to buy it.
Bánh Chưng là một trong số các loại thực phẩm phải được đặt trên bàn thờ của tổ tiên trong ngày Tết. Trong một hoặc hai ngày trước Tết, mỗi gia đình chuẩn bị và nấu Bánh Chưng quanh bếp lửa. Đây cũng là thời gian cho cha mẹ kể những câu chuyện dân gian cho con cái họ. Ngày nay, các gia đình sống trong làng vẫn còn duy trì việc làm Bánh Chưng trước năm mới nhưng những người dân thành phố thì không. Họ không có thời gian và thích đi đến cửa hàng để mua nó hơn.
our country has a lot of customs and traditions .and new year celebrations occupy most of the customs . at first the peaple cleaned the house and wiped incense on the altar of ancestors .The second custom is that before the Lunar New Year, every Vietnamese family bids farewell to the gods in the kitchen.Third, families often make chung and day cake on the altar to show gratitude.In addition, they also buy apricot blossom and peach blossom to welcome the new year and lucky money red for the children.I am very proud of Vietnamese customs and traditions and hope it will continue to develop
Mudslides wreaked havoc in Southern California Tuesday amid intense rainfall across the state, demolishing homes in Santa Barbara County and killing at least 15 people. Just weeks ago, many of those areas hardest hit by mudslides were battling wildfires.Firefighters waded through debris, over piles of fallen trees and around displaced boulders in the aftermath of the storm, scouring for survivors after several homes were swept away. In one dramatic rescue, the Santa Barbara fire department pulled a 14-year-old girl from the remains of her destroyed home in Montecito. In another instance, a boy was found under a freeway overpass and rescued by firefighters; mud had carried him for hundreds of yards.
Viết đoạn văn ngắc về môi trường bằng tiếng anh
Viết đoạn văn về thảm họa thiên nhiên bằng tiếng anh
Topic: ENVIRONMENTThe environment is everything in the world, everything around us. There are four kinds of environment: water, air, soil and creature. The environtment is very important for our life, our health and our future. If you want to have a good health, you must live in a good environment. Countryside is the best example because there aren’t many factories and there are many trees in the countryside so the air is very fresh. It makes you feel comfortable and healthy.But today, the environment is the ho'est problem in the world because it is polluted by people who live in it- the main reason which causes the environmental pollu)on. The water becomes dirty and becovered by trash. The factories decant chemistry into stream, river and sea. Fishes, sea plants are died and +oat on the water surface. Many trees in the forest are cut down to make furnitures. Peoplethrow trash onto the water, the street or in the park. In addi)on, the weather is very hot and don’t have any rain in the long )me. There are many other reasons which make environmental pollu)on.Environmental pollu)on is not good for your healthy. It is the cause which makes illness and cancer like respiratory disease, lung cancer,etc… and you may die soon. So people have to do everything that is possible to reduce the pollu)on, protect the environment. Reusing, reducing and recycling arethe best ways.• When you buy some food in the market, the sellers usually give you plas)c bags to put the food in. Then, when you come home, you take the food out and throw the plas)c bags away. You know, the plas)c bags are di2cult to be burned. So now, please don’t do that, you can wash and use them for the next )me. It’s reusing.• Trees are very useful. They give us the oxygen and make the air clean. But everyyear, many trees are cut down illegally. We should avoid this situa)on. Reducing your family’s domes)c waste is a good idea and I think it’s necessary to do that. Because the waste is very dirty and solving waste is always the ho'est problem that always need the solu)ons.• The last, you can recycle the paper, cans, )ns,ect… which are used. By doing that, you can ear money and protect the environment.The environment is important for our life so we have to protect it. We should solve the environmental pollu)on together. Protect the environment, protect our life.
Vietnam has 54 ethnic composition. Through the centuries, Vietnam ethnic communities were sticking, solidarity struggle against invading enemies, protect the Bank's independence, freedom and build the country. Each nation has its own cultural identity that make up the unity and diversity of the culture of Vietnam.
The cultural identity of the peoples is expressed clearly in the economic activities physical culture and ethnic community of people. One of the common characteristics that make up the human qualities and culture of Vietnam is patriotism, virtue, diligence, patience, creative labor in manufacturing, sticking, sociable village community with nature, neighbors and lenient altruistic, of every human.
54 peoples of Vietnam are ranked by 3 languages and language group 8: Vietnam-Tay-Thai, Muong, butt-knife, Ka belt, South Burma, Tibet, Han Chinese.
Mường-Vietnamese team 4: ethnic, Mường, Turks, Chứt. Compatriots live mainly by water and fishing. In the spiritual life there continue to worship the same grandparents ancestors and traditional crafts development in high level.
Tay-Thai language group has 8 races: Thai, Tay, Nung, Giáy, Lao, Lu, San Chay, Buyei. Fellow-residents are concentrated in the provinces of the Northeast and Northern Vietnam such as: Cao Bang, lang son, Thai Nguyen, BAC kan, Quang Son La, Lai Chau, Yen Bai ... The Tày language groups of Thai people speak South Asian languages, in the House floor, planting water associated with the deal materialise, know the advantage of the terrain, the Valley, creating the millstone of rice, the spin along the ditch system, fade , drive, lín put water on the rice field. The craft is quite developed, such as forging, textiles with beautiful and refined products. They have the general conception of the universe, the humans and the gods. Besides, every people has the own identity, are manifest through costume, homes, dining practices, customs, people, lifestyle and lifestyle.
Tay ethnic woman
Language group has 3 ethnic Knives-Ass: Ass, Knives, Pa; language group Ka belt with 4 peoples: La, La Ha, flag, Qabiao; groups of Tibetan language in Burma have 6 races: Lolo, Phù Lá, Hani, Lahu, Tribute, Si La. Peoples in 3 this group reside in the Eastern focus: Cao Bang, lang son, Thai Nguyen, Ha Giang, Tuyen Quang, Son La , Lao Cai, Lai Chau. Their version of the village is built on the mountain taller or halfway up mountains. Some people, like La, Drain, Si La and a few groups of the knives up villages and coastal rivers, streams. Depending on how the ground floor up, fellow, landscaping, home of half the floor half the land.
Fellow good at farming corn, rice, wheat, extremely boring and the vegetables, beans and materialise slash on terraces, and developed the craft such as forging, weaving, wicker. Especially women in very good at weaving, embroidery, worked out the unique outfits for themselves, their families and communities. Market place is clearly cultural identities, displays the entire economic life from the culinary culture, cultural wear, embroidery art, prints, performances of music, dance and musical instrument ... Oriental people, cultural imprint.
Language group has 21 ethnic Kumer Subjects: Ba Na, Brau, Bru, stay tuned, Co, Ho, Tu, Giẻ Triêng Muscle, H'rê, Protest, Kumer, Khmu, array, Beautiful Ebony, Mnông, Oh rockers Măm, Tà and Plated rancid, fiber Post, Xtiêng. Fellow-residents scattered in the area of Northern, Central and Southern Highlands-. The primary economic life slash farming methods by the method of poking holes look nuts. Bungalow architecture, long House, the Temple of the ethnic Khmer Me; Wicker crafts and community cultural festival is the cultural originality of Subject-Kumer residents.
South Island language group have 5: health, family ethnic Rai, Rhade, Raglai, Chu Ru. Resident fellow focused on the red soil plateau Highlands and Central coastal strip; South Island culture with bold patterns.
Groups of Han language has three nationalities: United, San Diu, Afraid. Fellow-residents on all three northern, Central, Southern, the Han culture with bold accessories.
The beauty of the lack of minority women
Can say Vietnam's culture is the synthesis of 54 cultural values of peoples, including the indigenous peoples living on the territory of Vietnam, there are peoples migrated from elsewhere; There are number of people only a few hundred people, there are millions of people, but the people always treat each other like brothers a home, love and mutual reassurance together build the defence as Uncle HO have Lok in letter The Congress of the ethnic minorities: "or fellow Turks, Mường Mán, or Rai, Rhade, Bahnar or the Post and the other minorities, are Vietnam, descendants are bloody meat. We are the living dead, the happiness together, no hunger and help each other. The river can be shallow, mountains can tear, but the crush of solidarity we never diminished. We decided to again force common contributors to keep our autonomy ".
The Kinh are also known as the Vietnamese, and Son La is the second largest group, accounting for 18% of the province's population. Population is concentrated in urban areas. Kinh language in Vietnamese - Muong language. Apart from the part of ethnic minorities residing in Son La area, many people have just moved from the North and North Central Plains. Especially since listening to the call of the Party to build mountainous economic development, Kinh people from the delta provinces to Son La; The family of Dien Bien Phu campaign soldiers stayed in the mountainous region. At present, some areas in the province of Kinh ethnic minorities include Kinh people in Hai Duong, Hung Yen and Thai Binh provinces in Song Ma and Yen Chau districts; Thai Binh province in Thuan Chau, Ha Tay province in Mai Son and so on.Kinh people living in Son La are interspersed with ethnic minority people. They quickly integrate in production, cultural exchange and solidarity to create cohesion and development in Son land. Leaves. The Kinh are also called Vietnamese. The Kinh language belongs to the Viet-Muong language group. Kinh people do farming. In the wet rice cultivation, the Kinh people have traditionally built dikes, ditches. Horticulture, mulberry growing, livestock and poultry husbandry, river fishing and marine fish development. Pottery is very early. Kinh people have habits betel betel, drinking tea, water. In addition to fried rice, sticky rice, also porridge, sticky rice. Shrimp sauce, duck eggs flipped is a unique dish of the Kinh.The Kinh village is often surrounded by bamboo, and there is a strong village gate in many places. Each village has a communal meeting place and worship. Kinh people live in the land. In the Kinh family, the husband (the father) is the owner. Children take their father and father's relatives as "family", while mother is "grandfather". The first son was responsible for organizing the worship of his parents, grandparents. Each of them has their own church, with their heads in charge of their work. Monogamy marriage The wedding is going through many rituals, the boy asked his wife and married his wife. After the wedding, the bride returns home. The men respect virginity, virtue of the bride, and pay attention to their background.The ancestor worshipers of the Kinh. The deceased are sacrificed by their descendants every year on the day they die. Their graves are regularly visited by relatives and carers. Every year the farmer has a series of festivals and festivals associated with farmer beliefs. In addition, Buddhism, Taoism, Taoism, Catholicism from the outside came into being received at different levels. The literary capital of the Kinh is quite large: oral literature (stories, folk songs, proverbs), literary literature (poetry, literature, books). Early and advanced art in many respects: singing, music, sculpture, painting, dancing, singing. The annual village festival is one of the most exciting and lively events in the countryside