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Bài 1:
a.
\(\frac{1}{2\sqrt{2}-3\sqrt{3}}=\frac{2\sqrt{2}+3\sqrt{3}}{(2\sqrt{2}-3\sqrt{3})(2\sqrt{2}+3\sqrt{3})}=\frac{2\sqrt{2}+3\sqrt{3}}{(2\sqrt{2})^2-(3\sqrt{3})^2}=\frac{2\sqrt{2}+3\sqrt{3}}{-19}\)
b.
\(=\sqrt{\frac{(3-\sqrt{5})^2}{(3-\sqrt{5})(3+\sqrt{5})}}=\sqrt{\frac{(3-\sqrt{5})^2}{3^2-5}}=\sqrt{\frac{(3-\sqrt{5})^2}{4}}=\sqrt{(\frac{3-\sqrt{5}}{2})^2}=|\frac{3-\sqrt{5}}{2}|=\frac{3-\sqrt{5}}{2}\)
Bài 2.
a.
\(=\frac{\sqrt{8}(\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{3})}{(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3})(\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{3})}=\frac{2\sqrt{2}(\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{3})}{5-3}=\sqrt{2}(\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{3})=\sqrt{10}+\sqrt{6}\)
b.
\(=\sqrt{\frac{(2-\sqrt{3})^2}{(2-\sqrt{3})(2+\sqrt{3})}}=\sqrt{\frac{(2-\sqrt{3})^2}{2^2-3}}=\sqrt{(2-\sqrt{3})^2}=|2-\sqrt{3}|=2-\sqrt{3}\)
\(\dfrac{2ab}{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}=\dfrac{2ab\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)}=\dfrac{2ab\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)}{a-b}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}{\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)}=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}{x-y}\)
\(\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{10}+\sqrt{7}}=\dfrac{3\left(\sqrt{10}-\sqrt{7}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{10}+\sqrt{7}\right)\left(\sqrt{10}-\sqrt{7}\right)}=\dfrac{3\left(\sqrt{10}-\sqrt{7}\right)}{10-7}=\dfrac{3\left(\sqrt{10}-\sqrt{7}\right)}{3}=\sqrt{10}-\sqrt{7}\)
\(\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{5}}=\dfrac{2\left(\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{5}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{5}\right)\left(\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{5}\right)}=\dfrac{2\left(\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{5}\right)}{6-5}=2\left(\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{5}\right)\)
+ Ta có:
2√6−√5=2(√6+√5)(√6−√5)(√6+√5)26−5=2(6+5)(6−5)(6+5)
=2(√6+√5)(√6)2−(√5)2=2(√6+√5)6−5=2(6+5)(6)2−(5)2=2(6+5)6−5
=2(√6+√5)1=2(√6+√5)=2(6+5)1=2(6+5).
+ Ta có:
3√10+√7=3(√10−√7)(√10+√7)(√10−√7)310+7=3(10−7)(10+7)(10−7)
=3(√10−√7)(√10)2−(√7)2=3(10−7)(10)2−(7)2=3(√10−√7)10−7=3(10−7)10−7
=3(√10−√7)3=√10−√7=3(10−7)3=10−7.
+ Ta có:
1√x−√y=1.(√x+√y)(√x−√y)(√x+√y)1x−y=1.(x+y)(x−y)(x+y)
=√x+√y(√x)2−(√y)2=√x+√yx−y=x+y(x)2−(y)2=x+yx−y
+ Ta có:
2ab√a−√b=2ab(√a+√b)(√a−√b)(√a+√b)2aba−b=2ab(a+b)(a−b)(a+b)
=2ab(√a+√b)(√a)2−(√b)2=2ab(√a+√b)a−b=2ab(a+b)(a)2−(b)2=2ab(a+b)a−b.
\(\frac{2}{\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{5}}=\frac{2\left(\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{5}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{5}\right)\left(\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{5}\right)}=\frac{2\left(\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{5}\right)}{6-5}=2\left(\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{5}\right)\)
\(\frac{3}{\sqrt{10}+\sqrt{7}}=\frac{3\left(\sqrt{10}-\sqrt{7}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{10}-\sqrt{7}\right)\left(\sqrt{10}+\sqrt{7}\right)}=\frac{3\left(\sqrt{10}-\sqrt{7}\right)}{10-7}=\sqrt{10}-\sqrt{7}\)
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}}=\frac{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}{x-y}\)
\(\frac{2ab}{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}=\frac{2ab\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)}{a-b}\)
a) \(\sqrt{\dfrac{3-\sqrt{5}}{3+\sqrt{5}}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(3-\sqrt{5}\right)^2}{\left(3+\sqrt{5}\right)\left(3-\sqrt{5}\right)}}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(3-\sqrt{5}\right)^2}}{\sqrt{3^2-\left(\sqrt{5}\right)^2}}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left|3-\sqrt{5}\right|}{\sqrt{9-5}}\)
\(=\dfrac{3-\sqrt{5}}{2}\)
b) \(\sqrt{\dfrac{2-\sqrt{3}}{2+\sqrt{3}}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(2-\sqrt{3}\right)^2}{\left(2+\sqrt{3}\right)\left(2-\sqrt{3}\right)}}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(2-\sqrt{3}\right)^2}}{\sqrt{2^2-\left(\sqrt{3}\right)^2}}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left|2-\sqrt{3}\right|}{\sqrt{4-3}}\)
\(=\dfrac{2-\sqrt{3}}{1}\)
\(=2-\sqrt{3}\)
a: \(=\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(3-\sqrt{5}\right)\left(3-\sqrt{5}\right)}{4}}=\dfrac{3-\sqrt{5}}{2}\)
b: \(=\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(2-\sqrt{3}\right)^2}{1}}=2-\sqrt{3}\)
d: \(=\left(-3+3\sqrt{6}+4+2\sqrt{6}-12-4\sqrt{6}\right)\left(\sqrt{6}+11\right)\)
=(căn 6-11)(căn 6+11)
=6-121=-115
Bài 3:
a: \(=\dfrac{3+2\sqrt{2}}{1}-\dfrac{\sqrt{2}\left(1-\sqrt{2}\right)}{1-\sqrt{2}}\)
\(=3+2\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{2}=3+\sqrt{2}\)
b: \(=\dfrac{\sqrt{b}\left(a+\sqrt{b}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)}{a-b}\cdot\sqrt{\dfrac{ab+b^2-2b\sqrt{ab}}{a^2+2a\sqrt{b}+b}}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{b}\left(a+\sqrt{b}\right)}{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}\cdot\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{ab}-b\right)}{\left(a+\sqrt{b}\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{b}}{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{b}\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)}{a+\sqrt{b}}=\dfrac{b}{a+\sqrt{b}}\)
c: \(=x+\sqrt{x}-2\sqrt{x}-1+1=x-\sqrt{x}\)
Nhat Linh bị nhầm câu cuối:
\(\dfrac{y+b\sqrt{y}}{b.\sqrt{y}}=\dfrac{y\sqrt{y}+b.y}{b.y}=\dfrac{\sqrt{y}+b}{b}.\)
\(\dfrac{5}{2\sqrt{5}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{5}\cdot\sqrt{5}}{2\sqrt{5}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{5}}{2}\)
\(\dfrac{2\sqrt{2}+2}{5\sqrt{2}}=\dfrac{2\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{2}\cdot\sqrt{2}}{5\sqrt{2}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}\cdot\left(2+\sqrt{2}\right)}{5\sqrt{2}}=\dfrac{2+\sqrt{2}}{5}\)
\(\dfrac{y+b\sqrt{y}}{b\sqrt{y}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{y}\cdot\sqrt{y}+b\sqrt{y}}{b\sqrt{y}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{y}\left(\sqrt{y}+b\right)}{b\sqrt{y}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{y}+b}{y}\)
Trước hết, ta cần tính giá trị của a và b trong G và H:
$$G^2 = \frac{1}{a+b} \Rightarrow a+b = \frac{1}{G^2}$$
$$H^2 = 4a - 4\sqrt{ab} + 4b = 4(\sqrt{a} - \sqrt{b})^2 \Rightarrow \sqrt{a} - \sqrt{b} = \frac{H}{2}$$
Từ đó, suy ra được:
$$\sqrt{a} + \sqrt{b} = \frac{1}{G}\sqrt{\frac{1}{G^2} + 4}$$
$$\Rightarrow 2\sqrt{a} = \frac{1}{G}\sqrt{\frac{1}{G^2} + 4} + H$$
$$\Rightarrow a = \left(\frac{1}{G}\sqrt{\frac{1}{G^2} + 4} + H\right)^2/4$$
$$\Rightarrow b = \left(\frac{1}{G}\sqrt{\frac{1}{G^2} + 4} - H\right)^2/4$$
Tiếp theo, ta tính giá trị của F:
$$F = 6\sqrt{3} + \sqrt{2} = 6\sqrt{3} + \sqrt{2}\frac{\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{2}}{2} = 6\sqrt{3} + 3\sqrt{2} + 3\sqrt{6}$$
Cuối cùng, ta tính giá trị của K:
$$K = 2xy\left(2\sqrt{x} + 3\sqrt{y}\right) = 2\sqrt{xy}(4\sqrt{x} + 6\sqrt{y})$$
Vậy, ta đã tính được giá trị của F, G, H và K.