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a, \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Ba^{2+}}=4.10^{-3}\left(mol\right)\\n_{Na^+}=3.10^{-3}\left(mol\right)\\n_{OH^-}=0,011\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left[Ba^{2+}\right]=\dfrac{4.10^{-3}}{0,2+0,3}=0,008M\\\left[Na^+\right]=\dfrac{3.10^{-3}}{0,2+0,3}=0,006M\\\left[OH^-\right]=\dfrac{0,011}{0,2+0,3}=0,022M\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, Để trung hòa dung dịch A thì:
\(n_{H^+}=n_{OH^-}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow0,01.V_{ddHCl}=\left(0,02.2+0,01\right).0,2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow V_{ddHCl}=1\left(l\right)\)
`n_{BaCl_2}=200.10^{-3}.1=0,2(mol)`
`n_{KCl}=100.10^{-3}.2=0,2(mol)`
`->n_{Cl^-}=2n_{BaCl_2}+n_{KCl}=0,6(mol)`
`->[Cl^-]={0,6}/{(200+100).10^{-3}}=2M`
a, \(\left[Ca^{2+}\right]=\dfrac{0,15.0,5}{0,15+0,05}=0,375M\)
\(\left[Na^+\right]=\dfrac{0,05.2}{0,15+0,05}=0,5M\)
\(\left[Cl^-\right]=\dfrac{0,15.2.0,5+0,05.2}{0,15+0,05}=1,25M\)
\(n_{NaOH}=0,2\left(mol\right);n_{H_2SO_4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{OH^-}=0,2\left(mol\right);n_{H^+}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(H^++OH^-\rightarrow H_2O\)
0,4......0,2
Lập tỉ lệ : \(\dfrac{0,4}{1}>\dfrac{0,2}{2}\)
=> H+ dư sau phản ứng
Dung dịch X gồm các ion:
Na+ : 0,2(mol)
SO42- : 0,2 (mol)
H+ dư : 0,2mol
=> \(\left[Na^+\right]=\dfrac{0,2}{0,4}=0,5M\)
\(\left[SO_4^{2-}\right]=\dfrac{0,2}{0,4}=0,5M\)
\(\left[H^+\right]=\dfrac{0,2}{0,4}=0,5M\)
$n_{NaOH} = 0,2(mol) ; n_{H_2SO_4} = 0,2(mol)$
$2NaOH + H_2SO_4 \to Na_2SO_4 + 2H_2O$
$n_{NaOH} : 2 < n_{H_2SO_4} : 1$ nên $H_2SO_4$ dư
$n_{Na_2SO_4} = n_{H_2SO_4\ pư} = \dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH} = 0,1(mol)$
$V_{dd} = 0,2 + 0,2 = 0,4(lít)$
$C_{M_{Na_2SO_4}} = \dfrac{0,1}{0,4} = 0,25M$
$C_{M_{H_2SO_4\ dư}} = \dfrac{0,2-0,1}{0,4} = 0,25M$
Suy ra :
$[Na^+] = 0,25.2 = 0,5M$
$[H^+] = 0,25.2 = 0,5M$
$[SO_4^{2-}] = 0,25 + 0,25 = 0,5M$
a, \(n_{H^+}=n_{OH^-}=9.10^{-3}\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow C_{M\left(H_2SO_4\right)}=\dfrac{\dfrac{9.10^{-3}}{2}}{0,05}=0,09M\)
b, \(\left[SO_4^{2-}\right]=\dfrac{4,5.10^{-3}}{0,05+0,15}=0,6M\)
\(\left[Na^+\right]=\dfrac{0,15.0,06}{0,05+0,15}=0,045M\)
\(\left[H^+\right]=\left[OH^-\right]=\dfrac{9.10^{-3}}{0,05+0,15}=0,045M\)
\(n_{OH^-}=0,5.0,2+0,2.2.0,3=0,22\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow\left[OH^-\right]=\dfrac{0,22}{0,5}=0,44M\)
\(n_{Na^+}=0,5.0,2=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow\left[Na^+\right]=\dfrac{0,1}{0,5}=0,2M\)
\(n_{Ba^{2+}}=0,2.0,3=0,06\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow\left[Ba^{2+}\right]=\dfrac{0,06}{0,5}=0,12M\)