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\(z=x+yi\Rightarrow\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y+1\right)^2=x^2+y^2\)
\(\Rightarrow x+y+1=0\Rightarrow\) tập hợp z là đường thẳng d: \(x+y+1=0\)
\(P=\left|\left(z-4-5i\right)-\left(w-3-4i\right)\right|\ge\left|\left|z-4-5i\right|-\left|w-3-4i\right|\right|=\left|\left|z-4-5i\right|-1\right|\)
Gọi M là điểm biểu diễn z và \(A\left(4;5\right)\Rightarrow\left|z-4-5i\right|=AM\)
\(AM_{min}=d\left(A;d\right)=\dfrac{\left|4+5+1\right|}{\sqrt{1^2+1^2}}=5\sqrt{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\left|5\sqrt{2}-1\right|=5\sqrt{2}-1\)
Từ định nghĩa bằng nhau của hai số phức, ta có:
a) ⇔
;
b) ⇔
;
c) ⇔
⇔
.
a) \(A=\left[\left(\frac{1}{5}\right)^2\right]^{\frac{-3}{2}}-\left[2^{-3}\right]^{\frac{-2}{3}}=5^3-2^2=121\)
b) \(B=6^2+\left[\left(\frac{1}{5}\right)^{\frac{3}{4}}\right]^{-4}=6^2+5^3=161\)
c) \(C=\frac{a^{\sqrt{5}+3}.a^{\sqrt{5}\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right)}}{\left(a^{2\sqrt{2}-1}\right)^{2\sqrt{2}+1}}=\frac{a^{\sqrt{5}+3}.a^{5-\sqrt{5}}}{a^{\left(2\sqrt{2}\right)^2-1^2}}\)
\(=\frac{a^{\sqrt{5}+3+5-\sqrt{5}}}{a^{8-1}}=\frac{a^8}{a^7}=a\)
d) \(D=\left(a^{\frac{1}{2}}-b^{\frac{1}{2}}\right)^2:\left(b-2b\sqrt{\frac{b}{a}}+\frac{b^2}{a}\right)\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2:b\left[1-2\sqrt{\frac{b}{a}}+\left(\sqrt{\frac{b}{a}}\right)^2\right]\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2:b\left(1-\sqrt{b}a\right)^2\)
1) Chọn B
\(\left(z+i\right)^2+3\left(z^2+3zi+2i^2\right)+2\left(z^2+4zi+4i^2\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(z+i\right)^2+3\left(z+i\right)\left(z+2i\right)+2\left(z+2i\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(2z+3i\right)\left(3z+5i\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{\begin{matrix}z_1=-3i:2\\z_2=-5i:3\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(2z_1+3z_2=2\left(\frac{-3i}{2}\right)+3\left(\frac{-5i}{3}\right)=-8i\)
2) Chọn D
\(\Delta=\left(4-i\right)^2-4\left(5+i\right)=-5-12i\)
Ta có: \(\Delta=\left(2-3i\right)^2\Rightarrow\sqrt{\Delta}=\pm\left(2-3i\right)\)
Nghiệm của pt là:
\(z=\frac{4-i\pm\sqrt{\Delta}}{2}=\frac{4-i\pm\left(2-3i\right)}{2} \)
\(\Rightarrow\left[\begin{matrix}z=3-2i\\z=1+i\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vì \(\left|z_1\right|< \left|z_2\right|\Rightarrow\left\{\begin{matrix}z_1=1+i\\z_2=3-2i\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(\left|z_1-2z_2\right|=\left|i+1-6+4i\right|=5\sqrt{2}\)
10.
\(\left(2x-3yi\right)+\left(1-3i\right)=x+6i\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x+1\right)+\left(-3y-3\right)i=x+6i\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+1=x\\-3y-3=6\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)
6.
\(\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2\le25\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|\left(x+1\right)-\left(y-2\right)i\right|\le5\)
\(\Rightarrow z\) là số phức: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}z=\left(x+1\right)-\left(y-2\right)i\\\left|z\right|\le5\end{matrix}\right.\)
Lưu ý: hình tròn khác đường tròn. Phương trình đường tròn là \(\left(x-a\right)^2+\left(y-b\right)^2=R^2\)
Pt hình tròn là: \(\left(x-a\right)^2+\left(y-b\right)^2\le R^2\)
3.
\(z=x+yi\Rightarrow\left|x-2+\left(y-4\right)i\right|=\left|x+\left(y-2\right)i\right|\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)^2+\left(y-4\right)^2=x^2+\left(y-2\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-4x-8y+20=-4y+4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=-y+4\)
\(\left|z\right|=\sqrt{x^2+y^2}=\sqrt{\left(-y+4\right)^2+y^2}=\sqrt{2y^2-8y+16}\)
\(\left|z\right|=\sqrt{2\left(x-2\right)^2+8}\ge\sqrt{8}=2\sqrt{2}\)
17.
\(z^2+4z+4=-1\Leftrightarrow\left(z+2\right)^2=i^2\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}z_1=-2+i\\z_2=-2-i\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow w=\left(-1+i\right)^{100}+\left(-1-i\right)^{100}=\left(1-i\right)^{100}+\left(1+i\right)^{100}\)
Ta có: \(\left(1-i\right)^2=1+i^2-2i=-2i\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(1-i\right)^{100}=\left(1-i\right)^2.\left(1-i\right)^2...\left(1-i\right)^2\) (50 nhân tử)
\(=\left(-2i\right).\left(-2i\right)...\left(-2i\right)=\left(-2\right)^{50}.i^{50}=2^{50}.\left(i^2\right)^{25}=-2^{50}\)
Tượng tự: \(\left(1+i\right)^2=1+i^2+2i=2i\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(1+i\right)^{100}=2i.2i...2i=2^{50}.i^{50}=-2^{50}\)
\(\Rightarrow w=-2^{50}-2^{50}=-2^{51}\)
18.
\(z'=\left(\frac{1+i}{2}\right)\left(3-4i\right)=\frac{7}{2}-\frac{1}{2}i\)
\(\Rightarrow M\left(3;-4\right)\) ; \(M'\left(\frac{7}{2};-\frac{1}{2}\right)\)
\(S_{OMM'}=\frac{1}{2}\left|\left(x_M-x_O\right)\left(y_{M'}-y_O\right)-\left(x_{M'}-x_O\right)\left(y_M-y_O\right)\right|\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left|3.\left(-\frac{1}{2}\right)-\frac{7}{2}.\left(-4\right)\right|=\frac{25}{4}\)
\(z=\frac{2^{10}\left(\cos\frac{7\pi}{4}+i\sin\frac{7\pi}{4}\right)^{10}.2^5\left(\cos\frac{\pi}{6}+i\sin\frac{\pi}{6}\right)^5}{2^{10}\left(\cos\frac{4\pi}{3}+i\sin\frac{4\pi}{3}\right)^{10}}\)
\(=\frac{2^{10}\left(\cos\frac{35\pi}{3}+i\sin\frac{35\pi}{3}\right)\left(\cos\frac{5\pi}{3}+i\sin\frac{5\pi}{3}\right)}{2^{10}\left(\cos\frac{40\pi}{3}+i\sin\frac{40\pi}{3}\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\cos\frac{55\pi}{3}+i\sin\frac{55\pi}{3}}{\cos\frac{40\pi}{3}+i\sin\frac{40\pi}{3}}=\cos5\pi+i\sin5\pi=-1\)