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bn tham khảo trang này nha: https://hoc24.vn/cau-hoi/tinh-the-tich-oxi-can-thiet-de-dot-chay-hoan-toana-54-gam-alb-112-lit-c3h4.334373153892
a)nAl=\(\dfrac{5,4}{27}\)=0,2(mol)
PTPƯ: 4Al+3O2(Nhiệt độ)→2Al2O3
nO2=\(\dfrac{3}{4}\).nAl=\(\dfrac{3}{4}\).0,2=0,15(mol)
⇒VO2=0,15.22,4=3,36(l)
b)PTPƯ: C3H4+4O2(Nhiệt độ)→3CO2+2H2O
VO2=4VC3H4=11,2.4=44,8(l)
S + O2 \(\xrightarrow[]{t^o}\) SO2
nS = 1,6/32 = 0,05 mol
Theo pt: nO2 = nS = 0,05 mol
=> VO2 = 0,05.22,4 = 1,12 lít
nAl = 5,4/27 = 0,2 (mol)
PTHH: 4Al + 3O2 -> (t°) 2Al2O3
Mol: 0,2 ---> 0,15
VO2 = 0,15 . 22,4 = 3,36 (l)
PTHH: 2KMnO4 -> (t°) K2MnO4 + MnO2 + O2
nKMnO4 = 0,15 . 2 = 0,3 (mol)
mKMnO4 = 0,3 . 158 = 47,4 (g)
a) $n_{Al} = \dfrac{5,4}{27} = 0,2(mol)$
$4Al + 3O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2Al_2O_3$
Theo PTHH : $n_{O_2} = \dfrac{3}{4}n_{Al} = 0,15(mol)$
$V_{O_2} = 0,15.22,4 = 3,36(lít)$
b) $2 KClO_3 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2KCl + 3O_2$
$n_{KClO_3} = \dfrac{2}{3}n_{O_2} = 0,1(mol)$
$m_{KClO_3} = 0,1.122,5 = 12,25(gam)$
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:4Al+3O_2-^{t^o}>2Al_2O_3\)
tỉ lệ: 4 : 3 : 2
n(mol) 0,2---->0,15---->0,1
\(V_{O_2\left(dktc\right)}=n\cdot22,4=0,15\cdot22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\\ PTHH:2KClO_3-^{t^o}>2KCl+3O_2\)
tỉ lệ: 2 : 2 : 3
n(mol) 0,1<-------------------------0,15
\(m_{KClO_3}=n\cdot M=0,1\cdot\left(39+35,5+16\cdot3\right)=12,25\left(g\right)\)
a, \(n_{CH_4}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
CH4 + 2O2 --to--> CO2 + 2H2O
0,5--->1------------->0,5
Ca(OH)2 + CO2 ---> CaCO3 + H2O
0,5----->0,5
b, \(V_{O_2}=1.22,4=22,4\left(l\right)\)
c, \(m_{CaCO_3}=0,5.100=50\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{V}{24,79}=\dfrac{11,2}{24,79}\approx0,45\left(mol\right)\)
a) \(PTHH:2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2H_2O\)
2 1 2
0,45 0,225 0,45
b) \(m_{O_2}=n.M=0,225.\left(16.2\right)=7,2\left(g\right)\\ V_{O_2}=n.24,79=0,225.24,79=5,57775\left(l\right)\)
c) \(PTHH:2KMnO_4\rightarrow K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\)
2 1 1 1
0,45 0,225 0,225 0,225
\(m_{KMnO_4}=n.M=0,45.\left(39+55+16.4\right)=71,1\left(g\right).\)
a, \(2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2H_2O\)
b, Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{H_2}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{O_2}=0,25.32=8\left(g\right)\)
\(V_{O_2}=0,25.22,4=5,6\left(l\right)\)
c, \(2KMnO_4\underrightarrow{t^o}K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{KMnO_4}=2n_{O_2}=0,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{KMnO_4}=0,5.158=79\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{44,8}{22,4}.20\%=0,4(mol)\)
Bảo toàn NT (O): \(n_{O_2}=n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{H_2O}\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{CO_2}=0,4(mol);n_{H_2O}=0,8(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{CO_2}=0,4.22,4=8,96(g);m_{H_2O}=0,8.18=14,4(g)\)
a) \(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{20,4}{102}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 4Al + 3O2 --to--> 2Al2O3
0,4<--0,3<---------0,2
=> mAl = 0,4.27 = 10,8(g)
b) C1: VO2 = 0,3.22,4 = 6,72(l)
C2: Theo ĐLBTKL: mO2 = 20,4 - 10,8 = 9,6(g)
=> \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{9,6}{32}=0,3\left(mol\right)=>V_{O_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
c) Vkk = 6,72 : 20% = 33,6(l)
\(a,PTHH:Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ \Rightarrow n_{Fe}=n_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{FeCl_2}=0,2\cdot127=25,4\left(g\right)\\ b,n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{H_2}=0,2\cdot2=0,4\left(g\right)\\V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,2\cdot22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(c,PTHH:2H_2+O_2\rightarrow^{t^0}2H_2O\\ \Rightarrow n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{O_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,1\cdot22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
\(a) n_{Al} = \dfrac{5,4}{27} = 0,2(mol)\\ 4Al + 3O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2Al_2O_3\\ n_{O_2} = \dfrac{3}{4}n_{Al} = 0,15(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{O_2} = 0,15.22,4 = 3,36(lít)\\ b)C_3H_4 + 4O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 3CO_2 + 2H_2O\\ V_{O_2} = 4V_{C_3H_4} = 11,2.4 = 44,8(lít)\)
a, \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{m}{M}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(4Al+3O_2\rightarrow2Al_2O_3\)
..0,2..0,15........
\(\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=n.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)
b, ( mk nghĩ đề là CH4 :VVV )
\(n_{CH_4}=\dfrac{V}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(CH_4+2O_2\rightarrow CO_2+2H_2O\)
.0,5......1...............
\(\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=n.22,4=22,4\left(l\right)\)