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Ta có: \(1-\frac{1}{1+2+...+n}=1-\frac{1}{\frac{n\left(n+1\right)}{2}}=1-\frac{2}{n\left(n+1\right)}=1-2\left(\frac{1}{n}-\frac{1}{n+1}\right)=1-\frac{2}{n}+\frac{2}{n+1}\) (*)
Áp dụng (*) vào bài toán ta được:
\(A=1-\frac{2}{2}+\frac{2}{3}+1-\frac{2}{3}+\frac{2}{4}+...+1-\frac{2}{20}+\frac{2}{21}\)
\(=1+1+...+1\left(19cs1\right)-\frac{2}{2}+\frac{2}{3}-\frac{2}{3}+\frac{2}{4}-\frac{2}{4}+...+\frac{2}{20}-\frac{2}{20}+\frac{2}{21}\)
\(=19-1+0+\frac{2}{21}=\frac{380}{21}\)
a) \(\frac{790^4}{79^4}=\frac{79^4.10^4}{79^4}=10^4=10000\)
b) \(\frac{3^2}{0,375^2}=\frac{0,375^2.8^2}{0,375^2}=8^2=64\)
c) \(3^2.\frac{1}{243}.81^2.\frac{1}{3^3}=3^2.3^{-5}.3^8.3^{-3}=3^2=9\)
d) \(\left(4.2^5\right):\left(2^3.\frac{1}{16}\right)=2^7:\left(2^3.2^{-4}\right)=2^7:2^{-1}=2^7:\frac{1}{2}=2^8\)
Bài easy quá mà!
4. a) Áp dụng tỉ dãy số bằng nhau:
\(\frac{a_1-1}{100}=\frac{a_2-2}{99}=...=\frac{a_{100}-100}{1}\)
\(=\frac{\left(a_1+a_2+...+a_{100}\right)-\left(1+2+...+100\right)}{100+99+...+2+1}=\frac{5050}{5050}=1\)
Suy ra: \(a_1-1=100\Leftrightarrow a_1=101\)
\(a_2-2=99\Leftrightarrow a_2=101\)
.......v.v...
\(a_{100}-100=1\Leftrightarrow a_{100}=101\)
Do đó: \(a_1=a_2=a_3=...=a_{100}=101\)
Bài 5/
Theo t/c dãy tỉ số bằng nhau,ta có: \(\frac{y+z-x}{x}=\frac{z+x-y}{y}=\frac{x+y-z}{z}=\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)}{x+y+z}=2\)\(=\frac{2x}{x}\)
Suy ra:
\(\frac{y+z-x}{x}=\frac{2x}{x}\Leftrightarrow y+z-x=2x\Rightarrow x=y=z\) (vì nếu \(x\ne y\ne z\Rightarrow y+z-x\ne2x\) "không thỏa mãn")
Thay vào A,ta có: \(A=\left(1+\frac{x}{x}\right)\left(1+\frac{y}{y}\right)\left(1+\frac{z}{z}\right)=2.2.2=8\)
\(B=1-\frac{1}{2}\left(1+2\right)-\frac{1}{3}.\left(1+2+3\right)-\frac{1}{4}.\left(1+2+3+4\right)-...-\frac{1}{20}.\left(1+2+3+...+20\right)\)
\(B=1-\frac{1}{2}.\left(1+2\right).2:2-\frac{1}{4}.\left(1+4\right).4:2-...-\frac{1}{20}.\left(1+20\right).20:2\)
\(B=1-3:2-5:2-...-21:2\)
\(B=1-3.\frac{1}{2}-5.\frac{1}{2}-...-21.\frac{1}{2}\)
\(B=1-\frac{1}{2}.\left(3+5+...+21\right)\)
Đặt C = 3 + 5 + ... + 21
Số số hạng của tổng C là: (21 - 3) : 2 + 1 = 10 (số)
=> C = (3 + 21) x 10 : 2 = 24 x 5 = 120
=> \(A=1-\frac{1}{2}.120\)
\(A=1-60=-59\)
\(\left(\frac{1}{2^2}-1\right).\left(\frac{1}{3^2}-1\right)\left(\frac{1}{4^2}-1\right)...\left(\frac{1}{50^2}-1\right)\)
\(=-\left(1-\frac{1}{2^2}\right)\left(1-\frac{1}{3^2}\right)\left(1-\frac{1}{4^2}\right)...\left(1-\frac{1}{50^2}\right)\)
\(=-\frac{2^2-1}{2^2}.\frac{3^2-1}{3^2}.\frac{4^2-1}{4^2}....\frac{50^2-1}{50^2}\)
\(=-\frac{\left(2-1\right)\left(2+1\right)}{2^2}.\frac{\left(3-1\right)\left(3+1\right)}{3^2}.\frac{\left(4-1\right)\left(4+1\right)}{4^2}...\frac{\left(50-1\right)\left(50+1\right)}{50^2}\)
\(=-\frac{1.3}{2^2}.\frac{2.4}{3^2}.\frac{3.5}{4^2}...\frac{49.51}{50}\)
\(=-\frac{1.2.3...49}{2.3.4...50}.\frac{3.4.5...51}{2.3.4...50}\)
\(=-\frac{1}{50}.\frac{51}{2}=-\frac{51}{100}\)