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Áp dụng BĐT Cô - si ngược dấu :
\(\sqrt{x-2010}=\frac{1}{2}\sqrt{4\left(x-2010\right)}\le\frac{4+\left(x-2010\right)}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x-2010}-1\le\frac{4+\left(x-2010\right)}{4}-1=\frac{x-2010}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{\sqrt{x-2010}-1}{x-2010}\le\frac{1}{4}\)
Hoàn toàn tương tự với những phân thức còn lại
\(\Rightarrow\frac{\sqrt{x-2010}-1}{x-2010}+\frac{\sqrt{y-2011}-1}{y-2011}\le\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4}=\frac{3}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}x-2010=4\\x-2011=4\\z-2012=4\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=2014\\y=2015\\z=2016\end{cases}}}\)
Ta có : \(\left(x+\sqrt{x^2+2017}\right)\left(-x+\sqrt{x^2+2017}\right)=2017\left(1\right)\)
\(\left(y+\sqrt{y^2+2017}\right)\left(-y+\sqrt{y^2+2017}\right)=2017\left(2\right)\)
nhân theo vế của ( 1 ) ; ( 2 ) , ta có :
\(2017\left(-x+\sqrt{x^2+2017}\right)\left(-y+\sqrt{y^2+2017}\right)=2017^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(-x+\sqrt{x^2+2017}\right)\left(-y+\sqrt{y^2+2017}\right)=2017\)
rồi bạn nhân ra , kết hợp với việc nhân biểu thức ở phần trên xong cộng từng vế , cuối cùng ta đc :
\(xy+\sqrt{\left(x^2+2017\right)\left(y^2+2017\right)}=2017\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(x^2+2017\right)\left(y^2+2017\right)}=2017-xy\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2y^2+2017\left(x^2+y^2\right)+2017^2=2017^2-2\cdot2017xy+x^2y^2\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+y^2=-2xy\Rightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2=0\Rightarrow x=-y\)
A = 2017
( phần trên mk lười nên không nhân ra, bạn giúp mk nhân ra nha :) )
2/ \(\frac{\sqrt{x-2011}-1}{x-2011}+\frac{\sqrt{y-2012}-1}{y-2012}+\frac{\sqrt{z-2013}-1}{z-2013}=\frac{3}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{4\sqrt{x-2011}-4}{x-2011}+\frac{4\sqrt{y-2012}-4}{y-2012}+\frac{4\sqrt{z-2013}-4}{z-2013}=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(1-\frac{4\sqrt{x-2011}-4}{x-2011}\right)+\left(1-\frac{4\sqrt{y-2012}-4}{y-2012}\right)+\left(1-\frac{4\sqrt{z-2013}-4}{z-2013}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{x-2011-4\sqrt{x-2011}+4}{x-2011}\right)+\left(\frac{y-2012-4\sqrt{y-2012}+4}{y-2012}\right)+\left(\frac{z-2013-4\sqrt{z-2013}+4}{z-2013}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(\sqrt{x-2011}-2\right)^2}{x-2011}+\frac{\left(\sqrt{y-2012}-2\right)^2}{y-2012}+\frac{\left(\sqrt{z-2013}-2\right)^2}{z-2013}=0\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi \(\sqrt{x-2011}=2;\sqrt{y-2012}=2;\sqrt{z-2013}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=2015;y=2016;z=2017\)
Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}a=x+2011\\b=y+2011\\c=z+2011\end{cases}}\) Ta có Hệ:
\(\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b+1}+\sqrt{c+2}\left(A\right)=\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c+1}+\sqrt{a+2}\left(B\right)\\\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c+1}+\sqrt{a+2}\left(B\right)=\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{a+1}+\sqrt{b+2}\left(C\right)\end{cases}}\)
Vai trò \(x,y,z\) bình đẳng
Giả sử \(c=Max\left(a;b;c\right)\) vì \(A=C\) ta có:
\(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b+1}+\sqrt{c+2}=\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{a+1}+\sqrt{b+2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{a+1}-\sqrt{a}\right)+\left(\sqrt{b+2}-\sqrt{b+1}\right)\)
\(=\sqrt{c+2}-\sqrt{c}=\left(\sqrt{c+2}-\sqrt{c+1}\right)+\left(\sqrt{c+1}-\sqrt{c}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{\sqrt{a+1}+\sqrt{a}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{b+2}+\sqrt{b+1}}\)
\(=\frac{1}{\sqrt{c+2}+\sqrt{c+1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{c+1}+\sqrt{c}}\left(1\right)\)
Mặt khác \(\hept{\begin{cases}c\ge a\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\sqrt{a+1}+\sqrt{a}}\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{c+1}+\sqrt{c}}\\c\ge b\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\sqrt{b+2}+\sqrt{b+1}}\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{c+2}+\sqrt{c+1}}\end{cases}}\)
Suy ra \(\left(1\right)\) xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\Leftrightarrow x=y=z\) (Đpcm)
Giả sử z là số lớn nhất trong 3 số
Từ đề bài ta có:
\(\sqrt{x+2011}+\sqrt{y+2012}+\sqrt{z+2013}=\sqrt{z+2011}+\sqrt{x+2012}+\sqrt{y+2013}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x+2012}-\sqrt{x+2011}+\sqrt{y+2013}-\sqrt{y+2012}=\sqrt{z+2012}-\sqrt{z+2011}+\sqrt{z+2013}-\sqrt{z+2012}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{\sqrt{x+2012}+\sqrt{x+2011}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{y+2013}+\sqrt{y+2012}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{z+2012}+\sqrt{z+2011}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{z+2013}+\sqrt{z+2012}}\)
Ta lại có:
\(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{\sqrt{x+2012}+\sqrt{x+2011}}\ge\frac{1}{\sqrt{z+2012}+\sqrt{z+2011}}\\\frac{1}{\sqrt{y+2013}+\sqrt{y+2012}}\ge\frac{1}{\sqrt{z+2013}+\sqrt{z+2012}}\end{cases}}\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi x = y = z
Tương tự cho trường hợp x lớn nhất với y lớn nhất.
fdy 'rshniytguo;yhuyt65edip;ioy86fo87ogtb eubuiltgr6sdwjhytguyh8 ban oi bai nay mac kho giai vao cut sit
ĐKXĐ : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge2011\\y\ge2012\\z\ge2013\end{matrix}\right.\)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\sqrt{x-2011}\ge0\\b=\sqrt{y-2012}\ge0\\c=\sqrt{z-2013}\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\) ta có :
\(\frac{a-1}{a^2}+\frac{b-1}{b^2}+\frac{c-1}{c^2}=\frac{3}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}-\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{b^2}-\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{c^2}-\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{4}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{1}{a}-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{b}-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{c}-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=2\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2015\\y=2016\\z=2017\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) đk: \(x>2012;y>2013\)
pt \(\frac{16}{\sqrt{x-2012}}+\sqrt{x-2012}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{y-2013}}+\sqrt{y-2013}=10\)
\(VT\ge2\sqrt{\frac{16}{\sqrt{x-2012}}.\sqrt{x-2012}}+2\sqrt{\frac{1}{\sqrt{y-2013}}.\sqrt{y-2013}}=8+2=10\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\hept{\begin{cases}x-2012=16\\y-2013=1\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=2028\\y=2014\end{cases}}\)
\(A=\sqrt{x^2-2x+1}+\sqrt{x^2+4x+4}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(x+2\right)^2}\)
\(=|1-x|+|x+2|\ge|1-x+x+2|=3\)
\(x\sqrt{x+\frac{1}{2}+\sqrt{x+\frac{1}{4}}}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x+\frac{1}{4}}+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\sqrt{x+\frac{1}{4}}+\frac{1}{2}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\sqrt{x+\frac{1}{4}}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Làm nốt
\(pt\Leftrightarrow\frac{1-\sqrt{x-2009}}{x-2009}+\frac{1-\sqrt{y-2010}}{y-2010}+\frac{1-\sqrt{z-2011}}{z-2011}=-\frac{3}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{1}{x-2009}-\frac{\sqrt{x-2009}}{x-2009}+\frac{1}{4}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{y-2010}-\frac{\sqrt{y-2010}}{y-2010}+\frac{1}{4}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{z-2011}-\frac{\sqrt{z-2011}}{z-2011}+\frac{1}{4}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{1}{x-2009}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{x-2009}}+\frac{1}{4}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{y-2010}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{y-2010}}+\frac{1}{4}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{z-2011}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{z-2011}}+\frac{1}{4}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{x-2009}}-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{y-2010}}-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{z-2011}}-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2=0\)
Xảy ra khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{\sqrt{x-2009}}=\frac{1}{2}\\\frac{1}{\sqrt{y-2010}}=\frac{1}{2}\\\frac{1}{\sqrt{z-2011}}=\frac{1}{2}\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{x-2009}=2\\\sqrt{y-2010}=2\\\sqrt{z-2011}=2\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=2013\\y=2014\\z=2015\end{cases}}\)
Điều kiện \(\hept{\begin{cases}x-2011>0\\y-2012>0\\z-2013>0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x>2011\\y>2012\\z>2013\end{cases}}}\)
\(\frac{\sqrt{x-2011}-1}{x-2011}+\frac{\sqrt{y-2012}-1}{y-2012}+\frac{\sqrt{z-2013}-1}{z-2013}=\frac{3}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{\sqrt{x-2011}}-\frac{1}{x-2011}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{y-2012}}-\frac{1}{y-2012}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{z-2013}}-\frac{1}{z-2013}=\frac{3}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{1}{x-2011}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{x-2011}}+\frac{1}{4}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{y-2012}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{y-2012}}+\frac{1}{4}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{z-2013}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{z-2013}}+\frac{1}{4}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{x-2011}}-\frac{1}{4}\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{y-2012}}-\frac{1}{4}\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{z-2013}}-\frac{1}{4}\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{\sqrt{x-2011}}=\frac{1}{4}\\\frac{1}{\sqrt{y-2012}}=\frac{1}{4}\\\frac{1}{\sqrt{z-2013}}=\frac{1}{4}\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x-2011=16\\y-2012=16\\z-2013=16\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=2027\\y=2028\\z=2029\end{cases}}}\)