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a: =>25-4x=1
=>4x=24
hay x=6
b: =>2x-4=0
hay x=2
c: =>x-35=115
hay x=150
d: =>x-2=12
hay x=14
e: =>x-36=216
hay x=252
â/ \(-55⋮x-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-2\inƯ\left(-55\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-2=1\\x-2=55\\x-2=-1\\x-2=-55\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\x=57\\x=1\\x=-53\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy ...........
b/ \(x^2+2x-7⋮x+2\)
Mà \(x+2⋮x+2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2+2x-7⋮x+2\\x^2+2x⋮x+2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-7⋮x+2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+2\inƯ\left(-7\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+2=1\\x+2=-7\\x+2=-1\\x+2=7\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\x=-9\\x=-3\\x=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy .........
c/ \(\left(x-15\right)\left(x+4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-15=0\\x+4=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=15\\x=-4\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy .........
d/ \(\left|3x-4\right|-12=13\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|3x-4\right|=25\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x-4=25\\3x-4=-25\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{29}{3}\\x=-7\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy ..
Bài 2:
a: \(=248+2064-12-236\)
\(=12-12+2064=2064\)
b: \(=-298-302-300=-600-300=-900\)
c: \(=5-7+9-11+13-15=-2-2-2=-6\)
d: \(=456+58-456-38=20\)
Bài 1
\(M=\dfrac{2x+y+z-15}{x}+\dfrac{x+2y+z-15}{y}+\dfrac{x+y+2z-15}{z}\)
\(M=\dfrac{x+12-15}{x}+\dfrac{y+12-15}{y}+\dfrac{z+12-15}{z}\)
\(M=\dfrac{x-3}{x}+\dfrac{y-3}{y}+\dfrac{z-3}{z}\)
\(M=1-\dfrac{3}{x}+1-\dfrac{3}{y}+1-\dfrac{3}{z}\)
\(M=3-\left(\dfrac{3}{x}+\dfrac{3}{y}+\dfrac{3}{z}\right)\)
\(M=3-3\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy - Schwarz dạng phân thức
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\ge\dfrac{\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{x+y+z}=\dfrac{9}{x+y+z}=\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow3\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\ge\dfrac{9}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow3-3\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\le\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow M\le\dfrac{3}{4}\)
Vậy \(M_{max}=\dfrac{3}{4}\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=4\)
Bài 2
\(P=\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{30\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}+\dfrac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{4abc}-\dfrac{131\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{60\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\)
Xét \(\dfrac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{4abc}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)+3abc}{4abc}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)}{4abc}+\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{bc}+\dfrac{1}{ca}+\dfrac{1}{ab}\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)+\dfrac{3}{4}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy - Schwarz dạng phân thức
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{ab}+\dfrac{1}{bc}+\dfrac{1}{ca}\ge\dfrac{\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{ab+bc+ca}=\dfrac{9}{ab+bc+ca}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{bc}+\dfrac{1}{ca}+\dfrac{1}{ab}\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{9\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)}{4\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}+\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{bc}+\dfrac{1}{ca}+\dfrac{1}{ab}\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{9\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)-9\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{4\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}+\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{bc}+\dfrac{1}{ca}+\dfrac{1}{ab}\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{9\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{4\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}-\dfrac{9}{4}+\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{bc}+\dfrac{1}{ca}+\dfrac{1}{ab}\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{9\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{4\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}-\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{4abc}\ge\dfrac{9\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{4\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}-\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{4abc}-\dfrac{131\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{60\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\ge\dfrac{9\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{4\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}-\dfrac{131\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{60\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}-\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{4abc}-\dfrac{131\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{60\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\ge\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{15\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}-\dfrac{3}{2}\) (1)
Xét \(\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{30\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{30\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{30}+\dfrac{ab+bc+ca}{15\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}\) (2)
Cộng (1) và (2) theo từng vế
\(P\ge\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{15\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}+\dfrac{ab+bc+ca}{15\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}-\dfrac{22}{15}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy - Schwarz
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{15\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}+\dfrac{ab+bc+ca}{15\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{225\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{15\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}+\dfrac{ab+bc+ca}{15\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{225}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{15\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}+\dfrac{ab+bc+ca}{15\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}\ge\dfrac{2}{15}\)
\(P\ge\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{15\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}+\dfrac{ab+bc+ca}{15\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}-\dfrac{22}{15}\ge\dfrac{2}{15}-\dfrac{22}{15}=-\dfrac{4}{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P\ge-\dfrac{4}{3}\)
Vậy \(P_{min}=\dfrac{-4}{3}\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
Bài 1
\(M=\dfrac{2x+y+z-15}{x}+\dfrac{x+2y+z-15}{y}+\dfrac{x+y+2z-15}{z}\)
a: \(\left(3x-1\right)\left(-\dfrac{1}{2}x+5\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x-1=0\\5-\dfrac{1}{2}x=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1}{3}\\x=10\end{matrix}\right.\)
b: \(\dfrac{2}{3}x+\dfrac{1}{2}x=\dfrac{5}{2}:\dfrac{15}{4}=\dfrac{5}{2}\cdot\dfrac{4}{15}=\dfrac{20}{30}=\dfrac{2}{3}\)
=>7/6x=2/3
hay \(x=\dfrac{2}{3}:\dfrac{7}{6}=\dfrac{2}{3}\cdot\dfrac{6}{7}=\dfrac{12}{21}=\dfrac{4}{7}\)
c: \(\left(\dfrac{44}{7}x+\dfrac{3}{7}\right)\cdot\dfrac{11}{5}=-2+\dfrac{3}{7}=-\dfrac{11}{7}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\cdot\dfrac{44}{7}+\dfrac{3}{7}=\dfrac{-11}{7}:\dfrac{11}{5}=\dfrac{-5}{7}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\cdot\dfrac{44}{7}=-\dfrac{8}{7}\)
hay \(x=-\dfrac{8}{7}:\dfrac{44}{7}=-\dfrac{2}{11}\)
1.ĐK: \(x\ge\dfrac{1}{4}\)
bpt\(\Leftrightarrow5x+1+4x-1-2\sqrt{20x^2-x-1}< 9x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{20x^2-x-1}>0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow20x^2-x-1>0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x< \dfrac{-1}{5}\\x>\dfrac{1}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
2.ĐK: \(-2\le x\le\dfrac{5}{2}\)
bpt\(\Leftrightarrow x+2+3-x-2\sqrt{-x^2+x+6}< 5-2x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x< 2\sqrt{-x^2+x+6}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2< -x^2+x+6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-2x^2+x+6>0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{-3}{2}< x< 2\)
3. ĐK: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}12+x-x^2\ge0\\x\ne11\\x\ne\dfrac{9}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
.bpt\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{12+x-x^2}\left(\dfrac{1}{x-11}-\dfrac{1}{2x-9}\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{-x^2+x+12}.\dfrac{x+2}{\left(x-11\right)\left(2x-9\right)}\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x+2}{\left(x-11\right)\left(2x-9\right)}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x+2}{2x^2-31x+99}\ge0\)
*Xét TH1: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+2\ge0\\2x^2-31x+99>0\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge-2\\\left[{}\begin{matrix}x< \dfrac{9}{2}\\x>11\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}-2\le x< \dfrac{9}{2}\\x>11\end{matrix}\right.\)
*Xét TH2: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+2\le0\\2x^2-31x+99< 0\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\le-2\\\dfrac{9}{2}< x< 11\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{9}{2}< x< 11\)
a) 11+(15-x)=1
⇔15-x=-10
hay x=25
Vậy: x=25
b) 2x-35=15
⇔2x=50
hay x=25
Vậy: x=25
c) 2|x+5|=12
⇔|x+5|=6
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+5=6\\x+5=-6\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=-11\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: x∈{1;-11}
A/ \( 11+(15-x)=1\)\(\Leftrightarrow11+15-x=1\Leftrightarrow x=11+15-1=25\)
KL: ...........
B/ \(2x-35=15\Leftrightarrow2x=15+35=50\Leftrightarrow x=25\)
KL: ............
C/ \(2\left|x+5\right|=12\Leftrightarrow\left|x+5\right|=6\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+5=6\\x+5=-6\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=-11\end{matrix}\right.\)
KL: .............