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Đặt A là biểu thức cần CM
ví dụ Từ ĐK a + b + c = 3 => a² + b² + c² ≥ 3 ( Tự chứng minh )
Áp dụng BĐT quen thuộc x² + y² ≥ 2xy
a^4 + b² ≥ 2a²b (1)
b^4 + c² ≥ 2b²c (2)
c^4 + a² ≥ 2c²a (3)
Bài 3: \(A=\frac{\left(2a+b+c\right)\left(a+2b+c\right)\left(a+b+2c\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\)
Đặt a+b=x;b+c=y;c+a=z
\(A=\frac{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}{xyz}\ge\frac{2\sqrt{xy}.2\sqrt{yz}.2\sqrt{zx}}{xyz}=\frac{8xyz}{xyz}=8\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
Bài 4: \(A=\frac{9x}{2-x}+\frac{2}{x}=\frac{9x-18}{2-x}+\frac{18}{2-x}+\frac{2}{x}\ge-9+\frac{\left(\sqrt{18}+\sqrt{2}\right)^2}{2-x+x}=-9+\frac{32}{2}=7\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi\(\frac{\sqrt{18}}{2-x}=\frac{\sqrt{2}}{x}\Rightarrow x=\frac{1}{2}\)
a, Đặt \(\sqrt[4]{a}=x;\sqrt[4]{b}=y.\)Bất đẳng thức ban đầu trở thành: \(\frac{2x^2y^2}{x^2+y^2}\le xy.\)
ta có : \(x^2+y^2\ge2xy\Rightarrow\frac{2x^2y^2}{x^2+y^2}\le\frac{2x^2y^2}{2xy}=xy.\)(đpcm )
dấu " = " xẩy ra khi x = y > 0
vậy bất đăng thức ban đầu đúng. dấu " = " xẩy ra khi a = b >0
a) Ta có: \(\frac{a-b}{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}-\frac{\sqrt{a^3}-\sqrt{b^3}}{a-b}\)
\(=\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)}{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}-\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)\left(a+\sqrt{ab}+b\right)}{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)^2}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}}-\frac{a+\sqrt{ab}+b}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}}\)
\(=\frac{a+2\sqrt{ab}+b-a-\sqrt{ab}-b}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{ab}}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}}\)
b)Sửa đề: \(\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)^2-4\sqrt{ab}}{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}-\frac{a\sqrt{b}+b\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{ab}}\)
Ta có: \(\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)^2-4\sqrt{ab}}{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}-\frac{a\sqrt{b}+b\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{ab}}\)
\(=\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2}{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)}-\frac{\sqrt{ab}\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)}{\sqrt{ab}}\)
\(=\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}-\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\)
\(=-2\sqrt{b}\)
c) Ta có: \(\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}-1}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}}\right):\left(\frac{\sqrt{a}+1}{\sqrt{a}-2}-\frac{\sqrt{a}+2}{\sqrt{a}-1}\right)\)
\(=\left(\frac{\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}-\frac{\sqrt{a}-1}{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}\right):\left(\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{a}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}-\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{a}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}:\frac{a-1-a+4}{\left(\sqrt{a}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}\cdot\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}{3}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{a}-2}{3\sqrt{a}}\)
d) Ta có: \(\left(\frac{a\sqrt{a}+b\sqrt{b}}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}}-\sqrt{ab}\right)\left(\frac{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}}{a-b}\right)^2\)
\(=\left(\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)\left(a-\sqrt{ab}+b\right)}{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)}-\sqrt{ab}\right)\left(\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)}\right)^2\)
\(=\left(a-\sqrt{ab}+b-\sqrt{ab}\right)\cdot\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}\right)^2\)
\(=\left(a-2\sqrt{ab}+b\right)\cdot\frac{1}{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2}\)
\(=\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2}{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2}=1\)
e) Ta có: \(\left(\frac{\sqrt{x}}{3+\sqrt{x}}+\frac{x+9}{9-x}\right):\left(\frac{3\sqrt{x}+1}{x-3\sqrt{x}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}\right)\)
\(=\left(\frac{\sqrt{x}\left(3-\sqrt{x}\right)}{\left(3+\sqrt{x}\right)\left(3-\sqrt{x}\right)}+\frac{x+9}{\left(3+\sqrt{x}\right)\left(3-\sqrt{x}\right)}\right):\left(\frac{3\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}-\frac{\sqrt{x}-3}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}\right)\)
\(=\frac{3\sqrt{x}+9}{\left(3+\sqrt{x}\right)\left(3-\sqrt{x}\right)}:\frac{3\sqrt{x}+1-\sqrt{x}+3}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}\)
\(=\frac{3\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}{-\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\cdot\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}\cdot\frac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}{2\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{-3\sqrt{x}}{2\sqrt{x}+4}\)
Do điều kiện là x > 0 nên sẽ khó khăn khi quy đồng và xét delta.
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Côsi
\(A=x+\frac{5}{2x}-3\ge2\sqrt{x.\frac{5}{2x}}-3=\sqrt{10}-3\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=\frac{5}{2x}\text{ và }x>0\Leftrightarrow x=\sqrt{\frac{5}{2}}\)
Vậy GTNN của A là \(\sqrt{10}-3\)
\(B=\frac{x^2+\left(a+b\right)x+ab}{x}=x+\frac{ab}{x}+a+b\ge2\sqrt{x.\frac{ab}{x}}+a+b=2\sqrt{ab}+a+b\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=\frac{ab}{x}\text{ và }x>0\Leftrightarrow x=\sqrt{ab}\)
Vậy GTNN của B là \(2\sqrt{ab}+a+b\)
ban chon dung nguoi roi
A=[x^2+(a+b)x+ab]/x=x+ab/x+(a+b)
=\(\left(\sqrt{x}-\frac{\sqrt{ab}}{\sqrt{x}}\right)^2+2\sqrt{ab}+\left(a+b\right)\)
Min A=\(\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)^2\)
khi x=\(\sqrt{ab}\)
\(A=\left(\frac{x\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-1}-\frac{x^2}{x\sqrt{x}-x}\right)\left(2-\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}\right)\left(ĐKXĐ:0< x;x\ne1\right)\)
\(A=\left(\frac{x^2\sqrt{x}}{x\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}-\frac{x^2}{x\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}\right)\left(\frac{2\sqrt{x}-1}{2\sqrt{x}}\right)\)
\(A=\left(\frac{x^2\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{x\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}\right)\left(\frac{2\sqrt{x}-1}{2\sqrt{x}}\right)\)
\(A=x.\left(\frac{2\sqrt{x}-1}{2\sqrt{x}}\right)\)
\(A=\frac{x\left(2\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{2\sqrt{x}}\)
b)Tại A=0(ĐKXĐ:0<x;x khác 1) ta đc:
\(A=\frac{x\left(2\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{2\sqrt{x}}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(2\sqrt{x}-1\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\2\sqrt{x}-1=0\end{cases}\Rightarrow}\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\left(kOTM\right)\\x=\frac{1}{4}\end{cases}}\)
Vậy tại A=0 x=1/4
Tại A=3(ĐKXĐ:0<x;x khác 1) ta đc:
\(\frac{x\left(2\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{2\sqrt{x}}=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{x}^3-x=6\sqrt{x}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=0\left(koTM\right)\)
\(x=\frac{a}{b}=\frac{a+b}{a}\)
xét \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{a+b}{a}\)
\(< =>a^2=ab+b^2\)
\(a^2-ab-b^2=0\)
\(\frac{a^2}{b^2}-\frac{a}{b}-1=0\)
\(\left(\frac{a}{b}\right)^2-\frac{a}{b}-1=0\)
đặt \(\frac{a}{b}=c\)
\(c^2-c-1=0\)
\(a=1;b=-1;c=-1\)
\(\Delta=\left(-1\right)^2-\left(4.1.-1\right)=1+4=5\)
\(\sqrt{\Delta}=\sqrt{5}\)
\(c_1=\frac{1+\sqrt{5}}{2}\left(TM\right)\)
\(c_2=\frac{1-\sqrt{5}}{2}\left(KTM\right)\)kết hợp đkxđ: \(a,b>0\)
mà \(1-\sqrt{5}< 0\left(KTM\right)\)
\(< =>\frac{a}{b}=\frac{1+\sqrt{5}}{2}=x\)
\(x=\frac{1+\sqrt{5}}{2}\)