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a: Ta có: \(\left(x+1\right)^3-\left(x+2\right)\left(x-1\right)^2-3\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)=5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3+3x^2+3x+1-\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2-2x+1\right)-3\left(x^2-9\right)=5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3+3x^2+3x+1-\left(x^3-2x^2+x+2x^2-4x+2\right)-3\left(x^2-9\right)=5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3+3x^2+3x+1-x^3+3x-2-3x^2+9=5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow6x=-3\)
hay \(x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
b: Ta có: \(\left(x+1\right)^3+\left(x-1\right)^3=\left(x+2\right)^3+\left(x-2\right)^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3+3x^2+3x+1+x^3-3x^2+3x-1=x^3+6x^2+12x+8+x^3-6x^2+12x-8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^3+6x=2x^3+24x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=0\)
c: Ta có: \(\left(x+1\right)^3-\left(x-1\right)^3-6\left(x-1\right)^2=-10\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3+3x^2+3x+1-x^3+3x^2-3x+1-6x^2+12x-1=-10\)
\(\Leftrightarrow12x=-11\)
hay \(x=-\dfrac{11}{12}\)
\(C=\left(\dfrac{2x^2+1}{x^3-1}-\dfrac{1}{x-1}\right)\div\left(1-\dfrac{x^2-2}{x^2+x+1}\right)\)
ĐKXĐ: \(x\ne1\)
\(C=[\left(\dfrac{2x^2+1}{(x-1)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}-\dfrac{1}{x-1}\right)]\div\left(1-\dfrac{x^2-2}{x^2+x+1}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow C=[\left(\dfrac{2x^2+1}{(x-1)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}-\dfrac{1\left(x^2+x+1\right)}{(x-1)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\right)]\div[\dfrac{(x-1)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}{(x-1)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}-\dfrac{(x^2-2)(x-1)}{(x^2+x+1)\left(x-1\right)}]\)
\(\Rightarrow C=\left[2x^2+1-1\left(x^2+x+1\right)\right]\div\left[\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)-\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2-2\right)\right]\)
\(\Rightarrow C=(2x^2+1-x^2-x-1)\div\left[\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1-x^2+2\right)\right]\)
\(\Rightarrow C=\left(x^2-x\right)\div\left[\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)\right]\)
\(3\left(x-2\right)+4\left(x-1\right)=25\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x-6+4x-4=25\)
\(\Leftrightarrow7x=35\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=5\)
\(\left(5x-3\right)\left(x-2\right)=\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(5x-3\right)\left(x-2\right)-\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(5x-3-x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(4x+2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-2=0\\4x+2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\x=\dfrac{-1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
d. (x - 3)(x2 + 3x + 9) + x(x + 2)(2 - x) = 1
<=> x3 - 9 + (x2 + 2x)(2 - x) = 1
<=> x3 - 9 + 2x2 - x3 + 4x - 2x2 = 1
<=> 4x = 10
<=> x = \(\dfrac{10}{4}=\dfrac{5}{2}\)
d)(x - 3)(x^2 + 3x + 9) + x(x + 2)(2 - x) = 1
\(<=> x^3-27-x(x^2-4)=1\)
\(<=> x^3-27-x^3-4x=1<=>-4x=28<=> x=-7\)
=> ptrình có tập nghiệm S={-7}
e) (x + 1)^3 - (x - 1)^3 - 6(x - 1)^2 = -19
\(<=> x^3+3x^2+3x+1-(x^3-3x^2+3x-1)-6(x^2-2x+1)+19=0\)
\(<=>x^3+3x^2+3x+1-x^3+3x^2-3x+1-6x^2+12x-6+19=0\)
\(<=>12x=15<=>x=12/15 \)
=> ptrình có tập nghiệm S={12/15}
Đặt x2 + 3x + 3 = a ; x2 - x - 1 = b ; -2x2 - 2x - 1 = c ; -1 = d
Ta nhận thấy a3 + b3 + c3 + d3 = 0 (1)
và a + b + c + d = 0
Khi đó ta có (1) <=> (a + b)3 + (c + d)3 - 3ab(a + b) - 3cd(c + d) = 0
<=> ab(a + b) + cd(c + d) = 0
<=> (a + b)(ab - cd) = 0
<=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=-b\\ab=cd\end{matrix}\right.\)
Với a = -b ta được x2 + 3x + 3 = -x2 + x + 1
<=> x2 + x + 1 = 0
<=> \(\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2=-\dfrac{3}{4}\)
=> Phương trình vô nghiệm
Với ab = cd
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+3x+3\right).\left(x^2-x-1\right)=2x^2+2x+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(x^4+2x^3-3x^2-8x-4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^4+2x^3+x^2\right)-\left(4x^2+8x+4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+x\right)^2-\left(2x+2\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+3x+2\right).\left(x^2-x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)^2.\left(x-2\right).\left(x+2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\x=\pm2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(a,\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2\right)\left(x+2-x+3\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow5\left(x+2\right)=0\Leftrightarrow x=-2\\ b,\Leftrightarrow2x\left(x-1\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=1\end{matrix}\right.\\ c,\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1-2x-1\right)\left(x-1+2x+1\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow3x\left(-x-2\right)=0\Leftrightarrow-3x\left(x+2\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
`a)C=((2x^2+1)/(x^3-1)-1/(x-1)):(1-(x^2-2)/(x^2+x+1))`
`ĐK:x ne 1`
`C=((2x^2+1-x^2-x-1)/(x^3-1)):((x^2+x+1-x^2+2)/(x^2+x+1))`
`C=((x^2-x)/(x^3-1)):((x+3)/(x^2+x+1))`
`C=x/(x^2+x+1)*(x^2+x+1)/(x+3)`
`C=x/(x+3)`
`b)|1-x|+2=3(x+1)`
`<=>|1-x|+2=3x+3`
`<=>|1-x|=3x+1(x>=-1/3)`
`**1-x=3x+1`
`<=>4x=0<=>x=0(tmđk)`
`**x-1=3x+1`
`<=>2x=-2`
`<=>x=-1(l)`
Thay `x=0` vào C
`=>C=0`
`c)C in ZZ`
`=>x vdots x+3`
`=>x+3-3 vdots x+3`
`=>3 vdots x+3`
`=>x+3 in Ư(3)={+-1,+-3}`
`=>x in {-2,-4,0,-6}`
`d)|C|>C`
Mà `|C|>=0`
`=>C<0`
`<=>x/(x+3)<0`
Để 1 p/s `<=0` thì tử và mẫu trái dấu mà `x<x+3`
`=>` \(\begin{cases}x<0\\x+3>0\\\end{cases}\)
`<=>` \(\begin{cases}x>-3\\x<0\\\end{cases}\)
`<=>-3<x<0`
\(\left(x-1\right)^2=3\left(x-1\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2-3\left(x-1\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x-4\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
3(x-1) = (x-1)2
(x-1)2 - 3 (x-1) = 0
(x-1) (x-1-3)=0
x- 1 = 0 hoặc x -1-3 = 0
x -1 = 0 ⇒ x = 1
x -1 -3 = 0 ⇒ x - 4 = 0 ⇒ x = 4
x ϵ {1; 4 }