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b) chia cả 2 vế cho xyz>0 ta được: \(\frac{2}{yz}+\frac{2}{zx}+\frac{2}{xy}+\frac{9}{xyz}=3\)
không mất tính tổng quát, giả sử: \(x\ge y\ge z\ge1\). Ta có:
\(3=\frac{2}{yz}+\frac{2}{zx}+\frac{2}{xy}+\frac{9}{xyz}\le\frac{15}{z^3}\Rightarrow z^3\le5\Rightarrow z=1\)
\(z=1\Rightarrow2x+2y+11=3xyz\Rightarrow3=\frac{2}{y}+\frac{2}{x}+\frac{1}{xy}\le\frac{15}{y^2}\Rightarrow y^2\le5\)
\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}y^2=1\\y^2=4\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}y=1;x=1\\y=2;x=\frac{15}{4}\end{cases}}}\)
ĐCĐK và kết luận
Vậy (1;1;13);(13;1;1);(1;13;1)
a) x+y+z=1
⇔[(x+y)+z]2=1
Áp dụng BĐT cô si cho 2 số ta có
(a+b)+c ≥ 2\(\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)c}\)
⇔[(a+b)+c)]2 \(\ge4\left(a+b\right)c\)
⇔1 ≥ 4(a+b)c
nhân cả 2 vế cho số dương \(\dfrac{x+y}{xyz}\) được
\(\dfrac{x+y}{xyz}\ge\dfrac{4\left(x+y\right)^2c}{xyz}\)
⇔\(\dfrac{x+y}{xyz}\ge\dfrac{4z.4xy}{xyz}=16\)
Min A =16 khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=z\\x=y\\x+z+y=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=y=\dfrac{1}{4};z=\dfrac{1}{2}}\)
a/ x3 + x2 z + y2 z - xyz + y3
= (x + y)(x2 - xy + y2) + z(x2 - xy + y2)
= (x2 - xy + y2)(x + y + z)
Ta có:
\(x^3+y^3+z^3=3xyz\left(gt\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x^3+y^3+3xy\left(x+y\right)+z^3-3xy\left(x+y\right)-3xyz=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y\right)^3+z^3-3xy\left(x+y+z\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)^3-3z\left(x+y\right)\left(x+y+z\right)-3xy\left(x+y+z\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)^3-\left(x+y+z\right)\left(3xy+3zx+3yz\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2+2xy+2xz+2yz-3xy-3xz-3yz\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-xz-yz\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{2}\left(x+y+z\right)\left[\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2\right]=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+y+z=0\\\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vì \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\\\left(y-z\right)^2\ge0\\\left(z-x\right)^2\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2\ge0\)
Mà \(\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-y\right)^2=0\\\left(y-z\right)^2=0\\\left(z-x\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y=0\\y-z=0\\z-x=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=y\\y=z\\z=x\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow x=y=z\)
Xét trường hợp x = y = z, ta có:
\(P=\dfrac{xyz}{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}\)
\(P=\dfrac{x^3}{2x.2x.2x}\)
\(P=\dfrac{x^3}{8x^3}\)
\(P=\dfrac{1}{8}\)
Xét trường hợp x + y + z = 0, ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\left(y+z\right)\\y=-\left(x+z\right)\\z=-\left(y+x\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\dfrac{-\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow P=-1\)