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Bài 1: \(x+y+z+11=2\sqrt{x}+4\sqrt{y-1}+6\sqrt{z-2}\)
ĐKXĐ:\(x\ge0;y\ge1;z\ge2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-2\sqrt{x}+1+\left(y-1\right)-2\cdot\sqrt{y-1}\cdot2+4+\left(z-2\right)-2\cdot\sqrt{z-2}\cdot3+9=0\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{y-1}-2\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{z-2}-3\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}=1\\\sqrt{y-1}=2\\\sqrt{z-2}=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=5\\z=11\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài 2:
Q=|x+2|+|x-2|>=|x+2+2-x|=4
Dấu = xảy ra khi (x+2)(x-2)<=0
=>-2<=x<=2
\(
1)Q = \left( {\dfrac{1}{{y - \sqrt y }} + \dfrac{1}{{\sqrt y - 1}}} \right):\left( {\dfrac{{\sqrt y + 1}}{{y - 2\sqrt y + 1}}} \right)\\
Q = \left( {\dfrac{1}{{\sqrt y \left( {\sqrt y - 1} \right)}} + \dfrac{1}{{\sqrt y - 1}}} \right).\dfrac{{y - 2\sqrt y + 1}}{{\sqrt y + 1}}\\
Q = \dfrac{{1 + \sqrt y }}{{\sqrt y \left( {\sqrt y - 1} \right)}}.\dfrac{{{{\left( {\sqrt y - 1} \right)}^2}}}{{\sqrt y + 1}}\\
Q = \dfrac{{\sqrt y - 1}}{{\sqrt y }}
\)
b) Thay \(y=3-2\sqrt{2}\) vào biểu thức ta được:
\(\dfrac{{\sqrt {3 - 2\sqrt 2 } - 1}}{{\sqrt {3 - 2\sqrt 2 } }} = \dfrac{{\sqrt {{{\left( {1 - \sqrt 2 } \right)}^2}} - 1}}{{\sqrt {{{\left( {1 - \sqrt 2 } \right)}^2}} }} = \dfrac{{ \sqrt 2 - 1-1}}{{\sqrt 2 -1}} \\= \dfrac{{\sqrt 2-2 }}{{ \sqrt 2 -1}} = \dfrac{{(\sqrt 2 -2)\left( { \sqrt 2+1 } \right)}}{{\left( { \sqrt 2-1 } \right)\left( {\sqrt 2+1 } \right)}} = - \sqrt 2 \)
\(2)B = \dfrac{{\sqrt y - 1}}{{{y^2} - y}}:\left( {\dfrac{1}{{\sqrt y }} - \dfrac{1}{{\sqrt y + 1}}} \right)\\ B = \dfrac{{\sqrt y - 1}}{{y\left( {y - 1} \right)}}:\dfrac{{\sqrt y + 1 - \sqrt y }}{{\sqrt y \left( {\sqrt y + 1} \right)}}\\ B = \dfrac{{\sqrt y - 1}}{{y\left( {\sqrt y - 1} \right)\left( {\sqrt y + 1} \right)}}:\dfrac{1}{{\sqrt y \left( {\sqrt y + 1} \right)}}\\ B = \dfrac{1}{{y\left( {\sqrt y + 1} \right)}}.\sqrt y \left( {\sqrt y + 1} \right)\\ B = \dfrac{{\sqrt y }}{y} \)
b) Thay \(y=3+2\sqrt{2}\) vào biểu thức ta được:
\(B = \dfrac{{\sqrt {3 + 2\sqrt 2 } }}{{3 + 2\sqrt 2 }} = \dfrac{{\sqrt {{{\left( {1 + \sqrt 2 } \right)}^2}} }}{{3 + 2\sqrt 2 }} = \dfrac{{\left( {1 + \sqrt 2 } \right)\left( {3 - 2\sqrt 2 } \right)}}{{\left( {3 + 2\sqrt 2 } \right)\left( {3 - 2\sqrt 2 } \right)}} = 3 - 2\sqrt 2 + 3\sqrt 2 - 4 = - 1 + \sqrt 2 \)
Nhiều quá @@
\(B=\frac{ab}{a+b+2}\Rightarrow2B=\frac{2ab}{a+b+2}=\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2-a^2-b^2}{a+b+2}=\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2-4}{a+b+2}=a+b-2\)
Do a ; b không âm , áp dụng BĐT Cô - si cho 2 số , ta có :
\(a+b\le\sqrt{2\left(a^2+b^2\right)}=\sqrt{2.4}=\sqrt{8}\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b-2\le\sqrt{8}-2\)
\(\Rightarrow2B\le\sqrt{8}-2\Rightarrow B\le\sqrt{2}-1\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=\sqrt{2}\)
Do x ; y không âm , \(x^2+y^2=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|x\right|;\left|y\right|\le1\) \(\Rightarrow0\le x;y\le1\)
\(\Rightarrow x\ge x^2;y\ge y^2\Rightarrow x+y\ge x^2+y^2=1\)
\(x,y\ge0\Rightarrow xy\ge0\)
Ta có : \(A=\sqrt{5x+4}+\sqrt{5y+4}\)
\(\Rightarrow A^2=5x+4+5y+4+2\sqrt{\left(5x+4\right)\left(5y+4\right)}\)
\(=5\left(x+y\right)+8+2\sqrt{25xy+20y+20x+16}\)
\(\ge5.1+8+2\sqrt{25.0+20.1+16}=13+2.6=25\)
\(\Rightarrow A\ge5\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0;y=1\\x=1;y=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
4.a)\(x-2\sqrt{x}+3\)
\(=x-2\sqrt{x}+1+2\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2+2\)
Vì \(\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2\ge0,\forall x\)
\(\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2+2\ge2\)
\(\Rightarrow Min_{bt}=2\) khi \(\sqrt{x}-1=0\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}=1\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
b)Ta có:
\(x-4\sqrt{y}+13\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-4\sqrt{y}\ge-13\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x-4\sqrt{y}=0\Leftrightarrow x=4\sqrt{y}\)
Vậy \(min_{bt}=0\) khi \(x=4\sqrt{y}\)
c)Ta có:
\(2x-4\sqrt{y}+6\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-2\sqrt{y}+3\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-2\sqrt{y}\ge-3\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x-2\sqrt{y}=0\Leftrightarrow x=2\sqrt{y}\)
Vậy \(Min_{bt}=0\) khi \(x=2\sqrt{y}\)
d)Ta có:
\(x^2+2x+5=x^2+2x+1+4=\left(x+1\right)^2+4\)
Vì \(\left(x+1\right)^2\ge0,\forall x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)^2+4\ge4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{\left(x+1\right)^2+4}\le\frac{1}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-\frac{1}{\left(x+1\right)^2+4}\ge-\frac{1}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-\frac{4}{\left(x+1\right)^2+4}\ge-1\)
Vậy \(Min_{bt}=-1\) khi \(x+1=0\Leftrightarrow x=-1\)
ĐK:y\(\ge0\)
\(P=x^2-x\sqrt{y}+x+y-\sqrt{y}+1=\left(x^2-x\sqrt{y}+\dfrac{y}{4}+x-\dfrac{\sqrt{y}}{2}+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+\left(\dfrac{3}{4}y-\dfrac{\sqrt{y}}{2}+\dfrac{1}{12}\right)+\dfrac{2}{3}=\left(x-\dfrac{\sqrt{y}}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}y-\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{6}\right)^2+\dfrac{2}{3}\ge\dfrac{2}{3}\forall x\in R;y\ge0\)
=>Min P=\(\dfrac{2}{3}\)đạt được khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-\dfrac{\sqrt{y}}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}=0\\\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}y-\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{6}=0\end{matrix}\right.\)<=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}-3}{6}\\y=\dfrac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Úi lộn làm lại nha
ĐK:y\(\ge0\)
\(P=x^2-x\sqrt{y}+x+y-\sqrt{y}+1=\left(x^2-x\sqrt{y}+\dfrac{y}{4}-\dfrac{\sqrt{y}}{2}+\dfrac{1}{4}+x\right)+\left(\dfrac{3}{4}y-\dfrac{\sqrt{y}}{2}+\dfrac{1}{12}\right)+\dfrac{2}{3}=\left(x-\dfrac{\sqrt{y}}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{3y}}{2}-\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{6}\right)^2+\dfrac{2}{3}\ge\dfrac{2}{3}\forall x\in R;y\ge0\)
=>Min P=\(\dfrac{2}{3}\)đạt được khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-\dfrac{\sqrt{y}}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}=0\\\dfrac{\sqrt{3y}}{2}-\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{6}=0\end{matrix}\right.\)<=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{1}{3}\\y=\dfrac{1}{9}\end{matrix}\right.\)