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Áp dụng BĐT Cô - si cho 3 bộ số không âm
\(\Rightarrow\frac{z\left(xy+1\right)^2}{y^2\left(yz+1\right)}+\frac{x\left(yz+1\right)^2}{z^2\left(xz+1\right)}+\frac{y\left(xz+1\right)^2}{x^2\left(xy+1\right)}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{xyz\left(xy+1\right)^2\left(yz+1\right)^2\left(xz+1\right)^2}{x^2y^2z^2\left(yz+1\right)\left(xz+1\right)\left(xy+1\right)}}=3\sqrt[3]{\frac{\left(xy+1\right)\left(yz+1\right)\left(xz+1\right)}{xyz}}\)
Xét \(3\sqrt[3]{\frac{\left(xy+1\right)\left(yz+1\right)\left(xz+1\right)}{xyz}}\)
\(=3\sqrt[3]{\left(\frac{xy+1}{x}\right)\left(\frac{yz+1}{y}\right)\left(\frac{xz+1}{z}\right)}\)
\(=3\sqrt[3]{\left(y+\frac{1}{x}\right)\left(z+\frac{1}{y}\right)\left(x+\frac{1}{z}\right)}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cô - si
\(\Rightarrow\left\{\begin{matrix}y+\frac{1}{x}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{y}{x}}\\z+\frac{1}{y}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{z}{y}}\\x+\frac{1}{z}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{x}{z}}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(y+\frac{1}{x}\right)\left(z+\frac{1}{y}\right)\left(x+\frac{1}{z}\right)\ge8\)
\(\Rightarrow3\sqrt[3]{\left(y+\frac{1}{x}\right)\left(z+\frac{1}{y}\right)\left(x+\frac{1}{z}\right)}\ge3\sqrt[3]{8}\)
\(\Rightarrow3\sqrt[3]{\left(y+\frac{1}{x}\right)\left(z+\frac{1}{y}\right)\left(x+\frac{1}{z}\right)}\ge6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\sqrt[3]{\frac{\left(xy+1\right)\left(yz+1\right)\left(xz+1\right)}{xyz}}\ge6\)
Mà \(\frac{z\left(xy+1\right)^2}{y^2\left(yz+1\right)}+\frac{x\left(yz+1\right)^2}{z^2\left(xz+1\right)}+\frac{y\left(xz+1\right)^2}{x^2\left(xy+1\right)}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{\left(xy+1\right)\left(yz+1\right)\left(xz+1\right)}{xyz}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{z\left(xy+1\right)^2}{y^2\left(yz+1\right)}+\frac{x\left(yz+1\right)^2}{z^2\left(xz+1\right)}+\frac{y\left(xz+1\right)^2}{x^2\left(xy+1\right)}\ge6\)
Vậy GTNN của \(\frac{z\left(xy+1\right)^2}{y^2\left(yz+1\right)}+\frac{x\left(yz+1\right)^2}{z^2\left(xz+1\right)}+\frac{y\left(xz+1\right)^2}{x^2\left(xy+1\right)}=6\)
\(x^2+y^2+z^2-\left(x+y+z\right)\le\frac{3}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{3}{4}\ge\frac{1}{3}\left(x+y+z\right)^2-\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)^2-3\left(x+y+z\right)-\frac{9}{4}\le0\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{3-3\sqrt{2}}{2}\le x+y+z\le\frac{3+3\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz ta có:
\(\left [\frac{9}{1-(xy+yz+xz)}+\frac{1}{4xyz}\right]\left [1-(xy+yz+xz)+9xyz\right ]\geq (3+\frac{3}{2})^2=\frac{81}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\geq \frac{81}{4[1-(xy+yz+xz)+9xyz]}\) $(1)$
Áp dụng BĐT Am-Gm: \(xy+yz+xz=(x+y+z)(xy+yz+xz)\geq 9xyz\)
\(\Rightarrow 1-(xy+yz+xz)+9xyz\leq 1\) $(2)$
Từ \((1),(2)\Rightarrow P\geq \frac{81}{4}\)
Vậy \(P_{\min}=\frac{81}{4}\Leftrightarrow (x,y,z)=\left(\frac{1}{3},\frac{1}{3},\frac{1}{3}\right)\)
\(P=\frac{1}{2}\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+\frac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{xyz}\)
\(P\ge\frac{3}{2}\sqrt[3]{\left(xyz\right)^2}+\frac{3\sqrt[3]{\left(xyz\right)^2}}{xyz}=\frac{3}{2}\sqrt[3]{\left(xyz\right)^2}+\frac{3}{\sqrt[3]{xyz}}\)
\(P\ge\frac{3}{2}\left(\sqrt[3]{\left(xyz\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{xyz}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{xyz}}\right)\ge\frac{9}{2}\) (AM-GM trực tiếp biểu thức trong ngoặc)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow Q=\frac{\left(x+\frac{y}{2}+\frac{y}{2}\right)^3}{xy^2}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si cho 3 số dương:
\(x+\frac{y}{2}+\frac{y}{2}\ge3\sqrt[3]{x.\frac{y}{2}.\frac{y}{2}}=3\sqrt[3]{\frac{xy^2}{4}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+\frac{y}{2}+\frac{y}{2}\right)^3\ge3.\frac{xy^2}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow Q\ge\frac{3.\frac{xy^2}{4}}{xy^2}=\frac{3}{4}\)
\("="\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{y}{2}\Leftrightarrow y=2x\)
\(y=\dfrac{x}{2}+\dfrac{18}{x}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{18x}{2x}}=6\)
\(y_{min}=6\) khi \(x=6\)
Cho x,y > 0. Tìm giá trị nhỏ nhất của biểu thức \(A=x+\frac{4}{\left(x-y\right)\left(y+1\right)^2}\)
\(A=\frac{\left(1-x^2\right)\left(1-y^2\right)}{x^2y^2}=\frac{\left[\left(x+y\right)^2-x^2\right]\left[\left(x+y\right)^2-y^2\right]}{x^2y^2}\)
\(=\frac{y\left(2x+y\right).x\left(x+2y\right)}{x^2y^2}=\frac{2\left(x^2+y^2\right)+5xy}{xy}=2\left(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}\right)+5\ge4\sqrt{\frac{xy}{xy}}+5=9\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=\frac{1}{2}\)
Theo đề: 0 < x < 1 => \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\frac{4}{x}>0\\\frac{9}{1-x}>0\end{matrix}\right.\)
⇔A = \(\frac{4}{x}\)+ \(\frac{9}{1-x}\) ≥ \(\frac{\left(2+3\right)^2}{x+1-x}\)= 25
Dấu "=" xảy ra ⇔ 9x = 4(1 - x) ⇔ x =\(\frac{2}{5}\) (TM)
\(y=\frac{4}{x}+\frac{9}{1-x}\ge\frac{\left(2+3\right)^2}{x+1-x}=25\)
đẳng thức xảy ra khi x = 4/13