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1) (x-1)2 + (x- 4y)2 + (y + 2)2 +10 -1-4
GTNN = 5
2) tuong tu
\(A=2x^2+4y^2+4xy+10x+12y+18\)
\(A=x^2+4xy+4y^2+6x+12y+9+x^2+4x+4+5\)
\(A=\left(x+2y\right)^2+2.3\left(x+2y\right)+9+\left(x+2\right)^2+5\)
\(A=\left(x+2y+3\right)^2+\left(x+2\right)^2+5\)
Do : \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x+2y+3\right)^2\ge0\forall x\\\left(x+2\right)^2\ge0\forall x\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2y+3\right)^2+\left(x+2\right)^2+5\ge5\)
\("="\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+2y+3=0\\x+2=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}y=-\frac{1}{2}\\x=-2\end{cases}}}\)
Vậy \(A_{min}=5\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-2\\y=-\frac{1}{2}\end{cases}}\)
Chúc bạn học tốt !!!
\(A=2x^2+4y^2+4xy+10x+12y+18\)
\(A=x^2+4xy+4y^2+6x+12y+9+x^2+4x+4+5\)
\(A=\left(x+2y\right)^2+2.3\left(x+2y\right)+9+\left(x+2\right)^2+5\)
\(A=\left(x+2y+3\right)^2+\left(x+2\right)^2+5\)
Do : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x+2y+3\right)^2\ge0\forall x\\\left(x+2\right)^2\ge0\forall x\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2y+3\right)^2+\left(x+2\right)^2+5\ge5\)
\("="\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+2y+3=0\\x+2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=-\dfrac{1}{2}\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow A_{Min}=5\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\y=-\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
a)\(x^2+4y^2+6x-12y+18=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+2\cdot x\cdot3+9\right)+\left[\left(2y\right)^2-2\cdot2y\cdot3+9\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+3\right)^2+\left(2y-3\right)^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+3=0\\2y-3=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-3\\y=\dfrac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
b)\(2x^2+2y^2+2xy-10x-8y+41=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)+\left(x^2-2\cdot x\cdot5+25\right)+\left(y^2-2.y.4+16\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2+\left(x-5\right)^2+\left(y-4\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=0\\x-5=0\\y-4=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-y\\x=5\\y=4\end{matrix}\right.\)(vô lý)
A = -x2 + 2xy - 4y2 + 2x + 10y - 8
=> -A = x2 - 2xy + 4y2 - 2x - 10y + 8
= ( x2 - 2xy + y2 - 2x + 2y + 1 ) + ( 3y2 - 12y + 12 ) - 5
= [ ( x2 - 2xy + y2 ) - ( 2x - 2y ) + 1 ] + 3( y2 - 4y + 4 ) - 5
= [ ( x - y )2 - 2( x - y ) + 1 ] + 3( y - 2 )2 - 5
= ( x - y - 1 )2 + 3( y - 2 )2 - 5 ≥ -5 ∀ x, y
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x = 3 ; y = 2
=> -A ≥ -5
=> A ≤ 5
=> MaxA = 5 <=> x = 3 ; y = 2
B = 2x2 + 9y2 - 6xy - 6x - 12y + 2004
= ( x2 - 6xy + 9y2 + 4x - 12y + 4 ) + ( x2 - 10x + 25 ) + 1975
= [ ( x2 - 6xy + 9y2 ) + ( 4x - 12y ) + 4 ] + ( x - 5 )2 + 1975
= [ ( x - 3y )2 + 2( x - 3y ).2 + 22 ] + ( x - 5 )2 + 1975
= ( x - 3y + 2 )2 + ( x - 5 )2 + 1975 ≥ 1975 ∀ x, y
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x = 5 ; y = 7/3
=> MinB = 1975 <=> x = 5 ; y = 7/3
Ta có: A = -x2 + 2xy - 4y2 + 2x + 10y - 8
A = -[x2 - 2xy + 4y2 - 2x - 10y + 8]
A = -[(x2 - 2xy + y2) - 2(x + y) + 1 + 3y2 - 12y + 12 - 5]
A = -[(x - y)2 - 2(x + y) + 1 + 3(y - 2)2]+ 5
A = -[(x - y - 1)2 + 3(y - 2)2] + 5 \(\le\) 5 với mọi x
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x - y - 1 = 0 và y + 2 = 0
=>x = -1 và y = -2
Vậy MaxA = 5 khi x = -1 và y = -2
B = 2x2 + 9y2 - 6xy - 6x - 12y + 2004
B = (x2 - 6xy + 9y2) + 4(x - 3y) + 4 + x2 - 10x + 25 + 1975
B = (x - 3y + 2)2 + (x - 5)2 + 1975 \(\ge\)1975
đoạn cuối tt trên
\(A=2x^2+4y^2+4xy+10x+12y+18\)
\(A=x^2+4xy+4y^2+6x+12y+9+x^2+4x+4+5\)
\(A=\left(x+2y^2\right)+2.3\left(x+2y\right)+9+\left(x+2\right)^2+5\)
\(A=\left(x+2y+3\right)^2+\left(x+2\right)^2+5\)
Do \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x+2y+3\right)^2\ge0\forall x\\\left(x+2\right)^2\ge0\forall x\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2y+3\right)^2+\left(x+2\right)^2+5\ge5\)
" = " \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+2y+3=0\\x+2=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}y=-\frac{1}{2}\\x=-2\end{cases}}}\)
\(\Rightarrow A_{min}=5\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-2\\y=-\frac{1}{2}\end{cases}}\)
Chúc bạn học tốt !!!