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Câu 2:
ĐKXĐ: x<>0
\(B=\dfrac{-x^2-x-1}{x^2}\)
\(=-1-\dfrac{1}{x}-\dfrac{1}{x^2}\)
\(=-\left(\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{x}+1\right)\)
\(=-\left(\dfrac{1}{x^2}+2\cdot\dfrac{1}{x}\cdot\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{3}{4}\right)\)
\(=-\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{3}{4}< =-\dfrac{3}{4}\forall x< >0\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi 1/x+1/2=0
=>1/x=-1/2
=>x=-2
Bài 5:
a) \(A=x^2-4x+9=\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+5=\left(x-2\right)^2+5\ge5\)
\(minA=5\Leftrightarrow x=2\)
b) \(B=x^2-x+1=\left(x^2-x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+\dfrac{3}{4}=\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(minB=\dfrac{3}{4}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
c) \(C=2x^2-6x=2\left(x^2-3x+\dfrac{9}{4}\right)-\dfrac{9}{2}=2\left(x-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{9}{2}\ge-\dfrac{9}{2}\)
\(minC=-\dfrac{9}{2}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Bài 4:
a) \(M=4x-x^2+3=-\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+7=-\left(x-2\right)^2+7\le7\)
\(maxM=7\Leftrightarrow x=2\)
b) \(N=x-x^2=-\left(x^2-x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+\dfrac{1}{4}=-\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{4}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(maxN=\dfrac{1}{4}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
c) \(P=2x-2x^2-5=-2\left(x^2-x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)-\dfrac{9}{2}=-2\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{9}{2}\le-\dfrac{9}{2}\)
\(maxP=-\dfrac{9}{2}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(A=\dfrac{4x+3}{x^2+1}\Leftrightarrow Ax^2+A=4x+3\\ \Leftrightarrow Ax^2-4x+A-3=0\)
Coi đây là PT bậc 2 ẩn x thì PT có nghiệm
\(\Leftrightarrow\Delta=16-4A\left(A-3\right)\ge0\\ \Leftrightarrow16-4A^2+12A\ge0\\ \Leftrightarrow-A^2+3A+4\ge0\\ \Leftrightarrow-1\le A\le4\)
Vậy \(A_{max}=4;A_{min}=-1\)
\(A_{max}=4\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{4x+3}{x^2+1}=4\Leftrightarrow4x^2-4x+1=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(2x-1\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\\ A_{min}=-1\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{4x+3}{x^2+1}=-1\Leftrightarrow x^2+1=-4x-3\Leftrightarrow x^2+4x+4=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x+2\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow x=-2\)
\(A=-\left(x^2-2x+4\right)\)
\(A=-\left(x+2\right)^2\)
vì -(x+2)^2 <=0
nên MIN A=0
<=>-(x+2)=0=>x=-2
vây min của A là 0 tại x=-2
a: ĐKXĐ: \(x\notin\left\{-2;-5\right\}\)
b: ĐKXĐ: \(x\notin\left\{2;-2\right\}\)
a) Ta có: \(A=x^2-3x+5\)
\(=x^2-2\cdot x\cdot\dfrac{3}{2}+\dfrac{9}{4}+\dfrac{11}{4}\)
\(=\left(x-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{11}{4}\ge\dfrac{11}{4}\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(x=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
b: Ta có: \(B=\left(2x-1\right)^2+\left(x+2\right)^2\)
\(=4x^2-4x+1+x^2+4x+4\)
\(=5x^2+5\ge5\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=0
B=\(4x^2-4x+1+x^2+4x+4=5x^2+5\)
\(=5\left(x^2+1\right)\)
vì\(x^2+1\ge1\forall x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B\ge5\forall x\)
dấu'=' xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x^2+1=0\Leftrightarrow x=0\)
vậy B đạt GTNN =5 khi x=0
Bài 2:
a) Ta có: \(A=x^2-3x+5\)
\(=x^2-2\cdot x\cdot\dfrac{3}{2}+\dfrac{9}{4}+\dfrac{11}{4}\)
\(=\left(x-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{11}{4}\)
Ta có: \(\left(x-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{11}{4}\ge\dfrac{11}{4}\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(x-\dfrac{3}{2}=0\)
hay \(x=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Vậy: Giá trị nhỏ nhất của biểu thức \(A=x^2-3x+5\) là \(\dfrac{11}{4}\) khi \(x=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
a)\(A=2x+1-x^2=2-\left(x^2-2x+1\right)=2-\left(x-1\right)^2\le2;\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow A_{max}=2\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
b)\(B=4x-4x^2-5=-4-\left(4x^2-4x+1\right)=-4-\left(2x-1\right)^2\le-4;\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow B_{max}=-4\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
a) `A=2x+1-x^2`
`=-(x^2-2x-1)`
`=-(x^2-2x+1)+2`
`=-(x-1)^2+2`
Có: `-(x-1)^2 <= forall x => -(x-1)^2+2 <=2`
`=> A_(max)=2 <=> x=1`
b) `B=4x-4x^2-5`
`=-(4x^2-4x+5)`
`=-(4x^2-4x+1)-4`
`=-[(2x)^2-2.2x.1+1^2]-4`
`=-(2x-1)^2+4`
`=> B_(max)=4 <=> x=1/2`
a/
\(=-x^2+2\text{x}-1+1\)
\(=-\left(x^2-2\text{x}+1-1\right)\)
\(=-\left(\left(x-1\right)^2-1\right)\)
\(=-\left(x-1\right)^2+1
\(A=\dfrac{2x^2}{x^4+x^2+1}=\dfrac{6x^2}{3\left(x^4+x^2+1\right)}=\dfrac{2\left(x^4+x^2+1\right)-2x^4+4x^2-2}{3\left(x^4+x^2+1\right)}\)
\(A=\dfrac{2}{3}-\dfrac{2\left(x^2-1\right)^2}{3\left(x^4+x^2+1\right)}\le\dfrac{2}{3}\)
\(A_{max}=\dfrac{2}{3}\) khi \(x^2=1\)