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ĐKXĐ : \(x\ne\pm1\)
a) Ta có :
\(P=\frac{x^2+x}{x^2-2x+1}:\left(\frac{x+1}{x}-\frac{1}{1-x}+\frac{2-x^2}{x^2-x}\right)\)
\(=\frac{x\left(x+1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)^2}:\left(\frac{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)+x+2-x^2}{x\left(x-1\right)}\right)\)
\(=\frac{x\left(x+1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)^2}:\left(\frac{x+1}{x\left(x-1\right)}\right)\)
\(=\frac{x\left(x+1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)^2}\cdot\frac{x\left(x-1\right)}{x+1}=\frac{x^2}{x-1}\)
Vậy : \(P=\frac{x^2}{x-1}\)
b) Ta có : \(x^2+2x-3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+3x-x-3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+3\right)\left(x-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=-3\) ( Do \(x=1\) không thỏa mãn ĐKXĐ )
Thay \(x=-3\) vào P ta có :
\(P=\frac{\left(-3\right)^2}{-3-1}=\frac{9}{-4}=-\frac{9}{4}\)
Vậy : \(P=-\frac{9}{4}\) với x thỏa mãn đề
c) Phải là : \(x>1\) nhé bạn :
Ta có :
\(P=\frac{x^2}{x-1}=\frac{x^2-1+1}{\left(x-1\right)}=\frac{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)}+\frac{1}{x-1}=x+1+\frac{1}{x-1}\)
\(=\left(x-1+\frac{1}{x-1}\right)+2\)
Ta có : \(x>1\Rightarrow x-1>0,\frac{1}{x-1}>0\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM cho 2 số dương ta có :
\(x-1+\frac{1}{x-1}\ge2\)
Do đó : \(P\ge2+2=4\)
Dấu "="xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2=1\Leftrightarrow x=2\) ( Do \(x>1\) )
Vậy : GTNN của P là 4 tại \(x=2\)
3/
a/ \(A=\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(x+y\right)^2.\)
\(A=\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)\)
\(A=x^2-2xy+y^2+x^2+2xy+y^2\)
\(A=2x^2+2y^2\)
b/ \(B=\left(2a+b\right)^2-\left(2a-b\right)^2\)
\(B=\left(4a^2+4ab+b^2\right)-\left(4a^2-4ab+b^2\right)\)
\(B=4a^2+4ab+b^2-4a^2+4ab-b^2\)
\(B=8ab\)
c/ \(C=\left(x+y\right)^2-\left(x-y\right)^2\)
\(C=\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)-\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)\)
\(C=x^2+2xy+y^2-x^2+2xy-y^2\)
\(C=4xy\)
d/ \(D=\left(2x-1\right)^2-2\left(2x-3\right)^2+4\)
\(D=\left(4x^2-4x+1\right)-2\left(4x^2-12x+9\right)+4\)
\(D=4x^2-4x+1-8x^2+24x-18+4\)
\(D=-4x^2+20x-13\)
Bài 7
\(a,A=x^2-2x+5\)
\(=\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+4\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^2+4\ge4\forall x\)
GTNN \(A=4\) khi \(\left(x-1\right)^2=0\Rightarrow x=1\)
\(b,B=x^2-x+1\)
\(=\left(x^2-2\cdot\frac{1}{2}x+\frac{1}{4}\right)+\frac{3}{4}\)
\(=\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\ge\frac{3}{4}\forall x\)
\(c,C=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x+6\right)\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+6\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+5x-6\right)\left(x^2+5x+6\right)\)
Đặt \(x^2+5x=t\)
\(\Rightarrow C=\left(t-6\right)\left(t+6\right)\)
\(=t^2-36\)
\(\left(x^2+5x\right)^2-36\ge36\forall x\)
\(d,D=x^2+5y^2-2xy+4y-3\)
\(=\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+\left(4y^2+4y+1\right)-4\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(2y+1\right)^2-4\ge-4\)
\(A=\left(\frac{2}{x+2}-\frac{4}{x^2+4x+4}\right):\left(\frac{2}{x^2-4}+\frac{1}{2-x}\right)\)
\(A=\left[\frac{2\left(x+2\right)}{\left(x+2\right)^2}-\frac{4}{\left(x+2\right)^2}\right]:\left(\frac{2}{x^2-4}-\frac{x+2}{x^2-4}\right)\)
\(A=\frac{2x+4-4}{\left(x+2\right)^2}:\frac{2-x-2}{x^2-4}\)
\(A=\frac{2x}{\left(x+2\right)^2}.\frac{x^2-4}{-x}=\frac{2\left(x-2\right)}{-\left(x+2\right)}=\frac{-2\left(x-2\right)}{x+2}\)
Ta có 3x(x – 2) – x + 2 = 0
ó 3x(x – 2) – (x – 2) = 0 ó (x – 2)(3x – 1) = 0
ó x - 2 = 0 3 x - 1 = 0 ó x = 2 3 x = 1 ó x = 2 x = 1 3
Vậy x = 2 ; x = 1 3
Đáp án cần chọn là: D