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1. Ta có: \(\dfrac{x}{a}=\dfrac{y}{b}=\dfrac{z}{c}=\dfrac{x+y+z}{a+b+c}=x+y+z\) ( vì \(a+b+c=1\) )
Do đó \(\left(x+y+z\right)^2=\dfrac{x^2}{a^2}=\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}=\dfrac{z^2}{c^2}=\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}=x^2+y^2+z^2\)( vì \(a^2+b^2+c^2=1\) ).
Vậy \(\left(x+y+z\right)^2=x^2+y^2+z^2\)
2. Đặt \(x^2=a\left(a\ge0\right),y^2=b\left(b\ge0\right)\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{a+b}{10}=\dfrac{a-2b}{7}\) và \(a^2b^2=81\)
\(\dfrac{a+b}{10}=\dfrac{a-2b}{7}=\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)-\left(a-2b\right)}{10-7}=\dfrac{3b}{3}=b\) __(1)__
\(\dfrac{a+b}{10}=\dfrac{a-2b}{7}=\dfrac{2a+2b}{20}=\dfrac{\left(2a+2b\right)+\left(a-2b\right)}{20+7}=\dfrac{3a}{27}=\dfrac{a}{9}\)__(2)__
Từ (1) và (2) suy ra \(\dfrac{a}{9}=b\Rightarrow a=9b\)
Do \(a^2b^2=81\) nên \(\left(9b\right)^2.b^2=81\Rightarrow81b^4=81\Rightarrow b^4=1\Rightarrow b=1\) ( vì \(b\ge0\) )
Suy ra: a = 9.1 = 9
Ta có: \(x^2=9\) và \(y^2=1\). Suy ra: \(x=\pm3,y=\pm1\)
C=|x+5| + |x+3|
Để C nhỏ nhất thì Ix+5I nhỏ nhất hoặc I x+3I nhỏ nhất => x+5 = 0 hoặc x+3 = 0
x= -5 hoặc x=-3
Thay x=-5 vào C=|x+5| + |x+3|, có: I -5+5I + I -5+3I = 0 +2 = 2
Thay x=-3 vào C=|x+5| + |x+3|. có: I -3+5I + I -3+3I = 2 + 0 = 2
Vậy GTNN của C=|x+5| + |x+3| là 2 tại x= -5 hoặc c=-3
Bài 1:
a)
\(|x+\frac{4}{15}|-|-3,75|=-|-2,15|\)
\(\Leftrightarrow |x+\frac{4}{15}|-3,75=-2,15\)
\(\Leftrightarrow |x+\frac{4}{15}|=-2,15+3,75=\frac{8}{5}\)
\(\Rightarrow \left[\begin{matrix} x+\frac{4}{15}=\frac{8}{5}\\ x+\frac{4}{15}=-\frac{8}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow \left[\begin{matrix} x=\frac{4}{3}\\ x=\frac{-28}{15}\end{matrix}\right.\)
b )
\(|\frac{5}{3}x|=|-\frac{1}{6}|=\frac{1}{6}\)
\(\Rightarrow \left[\begin{matrix} \frac{5}{3}x=\frac{1}{6}\\ \frac{5}{3}x=-\frac{1}{6}\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow \left[\begin{matrix} x=\frac{1}{10}\\ x=-\frac{1}{10}\end{matrix}\right.\)
c)
\(|\frac{3}{4}x-\frac{3}{4}|-\frac{3}{4}=|-\frac{3}{4}|=\frac{3}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow |\frac{3}{4}x-\frac{3}{4}|=\frac{3}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow \left[\begin{matrix} \frac{3}{4}x-\frac{3}{4}=\frac{3}{2}\\ \frac{3}{4}x-\frac{3}{4}=-\frac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow \left[\begin{matrix} x=3\\ x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài 3:
a) Ta thấy:
\(|x+\frac{15}{19}|\geq 0, \forall x\Rightarrow A\ge 0-1=-1\)
Vậy GTNN của $A$ là $-1$ khi \(x+\frac{15}{19}=0\Leftrightarrow x=-\frac{15}{19}\)
b)Vì \(|x-\frac{4}{7}|\geq 0, \forall x\Rightarrow B\geq \frac{1}{2}+0=\frac{1}{2}\)
Vậy GTNN của $B$ là $\frac{1}{2}$ khi \(x-\frac{4}{7}=0\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{4}{7}\)
\(\dfrac{5}{\left|x-y\right|^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left|z-x\right|^4+6}\)
Cái này cũng làm tương tự như cái kia thôi:
Ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left|x-y\right|^2\ge0\\\left(y-z\right)^2\ge0\\\left|z-x\right|^4\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left|x-y\right|^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left|z-x\right|^4\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x-y\right|^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left|z-x\right|^4+6\ge6\)
\(A=\dfrac{5}{\left|x-y\right|^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left|z-x\right|^4+6}\ge\dfrac{5}{6}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left|x-y\right|^2=0\\\left(y-z\right)^2=0\\\left|z-x\right|^4=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=y\\y=z\\z=x\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=y=z\)
Vậy
\(\dfrac{5}{\left|x-y\right|^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left|z-x\right|^4+6}\)
a, \(\left|3x-4\right|+\left|3y+5\right|=0\)
Ta có :
\(\left|3x-4\right|\ge0\forall x;\left|3y+5\right|\ge0\forall x\\ \)
\(\Rightarrow\left|3x-4\right|+\left|3y+5\right|\ge0\forall x\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x-4=0\\3y+5=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x=4\\3y=-5\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{4}{3}\\y=-\dfrac{5}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\\ Vậy.........\)
b, \(\left|x+\dfrac{19}{5}\right|+\left|y+\dfrac{1890}{1975}\right|+\left|z-2004\right|=0\)
Ta có :
\(\left|x+\dfrac{19}{5}\right|\ge0\forall x;\left|y+\dfrac{1890}{1975}\right|\ge0\forall y;\left|z-2004\right|\ge0\forall z \)
\(\left|x+\dfrac{19}{5}\right|+\left|y+\dfrac{1890}{1975}\right|+\left|z-2004\right|\ge0\forall x;y;z\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+\dfrac{19}{5}=0\\y+\dfrac{1890}{1975}=0\\z-2004=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{19}{5}\\y=-\dfrac{1890}{1975}\\z=2004\end{matrix}\right.\\ Vậy............\)
c, \(\left|x+\dfrac{9}{2}\right|+\left|y+\dfrac{4}{3}\right|+\left|z+\dfrac{7}{2}\right|\le0\)
Ta có : \(\left|x+\dfrac{9}{2}\right|\ge0\forall x;\left|y+\dfrac{4}{3}\right|\ge0\forall y;\left|z+\dfrac{7}{2}\right|\ge0\forall z\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|x+\dfrac{9}{2}\right|+\left|y+\dfrac{4}{3}\right|+\left|z+\dfrac{7}{2}\right|\ge0\forall x;y;z\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|x+\dfrac{9}{2}\right|+\left|y+\dfrac{4}{3}\right|+\left|z+\dfrac{7}{2}\right|\ge0\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+\dfrac{9}{2}=0\\y+\dfrac{4}{3}=0\\z+\dfrac{7}{2}=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{9}{2}\\y=-\dfrac{4}{3}\\z=-\dfrac{7}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\\ Vậy............\)
d, \(\left|x+\dfrac{3}{4}\right|+\left|y-\dfrac{1}{5}\right|+\left|x+y+z\right|=0\)
Ta có :
\(\left|x+\dfrac{3}{4}\right|\ge0\forall x;\left|y-\dfrac{1}{5}\right|\ge0\forall y;\left|x+y+z\right|\ge0\forall x;y;z\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|x+\dfrac{3}{4}\right|+\left|y-\dfrac{1}{5}\right|+\left|x+y+z\right|\ge0\forall x;y;z\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+\dfrac{3}{4}=0\\y-\dfrac{1}{5}=0\\x+y+z=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{3}{4}\\y=\dfrac{1}{5}\\z=0-\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{3}{4}=\dfrac{11}{20}\end{matrix}\right.\\ Vậy.......\)
e, Câu cuối bn làm tương tự như câu a, b, c nhé!
1. \(A=2x^2-5x-5\)
* Tại \(x=-2\) giá trị của biểu thức là :
\(A=2.\left(-2\right)^2-5.\left(-2\right)-5\)
\(A=8-\left(-10\right)-5=13\)
*Tại \(x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(A=2\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2-5.\dfrac{1}{2}-5\)
\(A=-7\)
Câu 3:
a) \(A=\left(x-3\right)^2+9\ge9,\forall x\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x-3=0\)
..........................\(\Leftrightarrow x=3\)
Vậy MIN A = 9 \(\Leftrightarrow x=3\)
P/s: câu b coi lại đề
c) \(\left|x-1\right|+\left(2y-1\right)^4+1\ge1;\forall x,y\)
Dấu "='' xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-1=0\\2y-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy .............................
Câu 5:
Ta có: \(A=\dfrac{x-5}{x-3}=\dfrac{x-3-2}{x-3}=1-\dfrac{2}{x-3}\)
Để A nguyên thì \(2⋮\left(x-3\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-3\right)\inƯ\left(2\right)=\left\{-2;-1;1;2\right\}\)
Do đó:
\(x-3=-2\Rightarrow x=1\)
\(x-3=-1\Rightarrow x=2\)
\(x-3=1\Rightarrow x=4\)
\(x-3=2\Rightarrow x=5\)
Vậy .....................
Theo đề bài ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left|y+1\right|\ge0\Rightarrow\left|y+1\right|^2\ge0\forall y\\\left(z-4\right)^4\ge0\Rightarrow3\left(z-4\right)^4\ge0\forall z\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|y+1\right|^2+3\left(z-4\right)^4\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|y+1\right|^2+3\left(z-4\right)^4+5\ge5\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{\left|y+1\right|^2+3\left(z-4\right)^4+5}\le\dfrac{x}{5}\)
Đến đây chỉ tìm được MAX ko có MIN nha bạn
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left|y+1\right|^2=0\Rightarrow y=-1\\3\left(z-4\right)^4=0\Rightarrow z=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(MAX=\dfrac{x}{5}\) khi \(y=-1;z=4\)
Hồng Phúc Nguyễn Ace Legona Hoàng Ngọc Anh
@phynit @Bùi Thị Vân