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A = x2 + 5y2 + 4xy + 3x + 8y + 26
= ( x2 + 4xy + 4y2 + 3x + 6y + 9/4 ) + ( y2 + 2y + 1 ) + 91/4
= [ ( x + 2y )2 + 2( x + 2y ).3/2 + (3/2)2 ] + ( y + 1 )2 + 91/4
= ( x + 2y + 3/2 )2 + ( y + 1 )2 + 91/4\(\ge\)91/4
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=>\(\orbr{\begin{cases}\left(x+2y+\frac{3}{2}\right)^2=0\\\left(y+1\right)^2=0\end{cases}}\)<=>\(\orbr{\begin{cases}x+2y=-\frac{3}{2}\\y=-1\end{cases}}\)<=>\(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\frac{1}{2}\\y=-1\end{cases}}\)
Vậy minA = 91/4 <=>\(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\frac{1}{2}\\y=-1\end{cases}}\)
A = x2 + 5y2 + 4xy + 3x + 8y + 26
= (x2 + 4xy + 4y2) + (3x + 6y) + 9/4 + (y2 + 2y + 1) + \(\frac{91}{4}\)
= \(\left(x+2y\right)^2+3\left(x+2y\right)+\frac{9}{4}+\left(y+1\right)^2+\frac{91}{4}\)
= \(\left(x+2y+\frac{3}{2}\right)^2+\left(y+1\right)^2+\frac{91}{4}\ge\frac{91}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+2y+\frac{3}{2}=0\\y+1=0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+2y=-\frac{3}{2}\\y=-1\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{1}{2}\\y=-1\end{cases}}\)
Vậy Min A = 91/4 <=> x = 1/2 ; y = -1
a) Đặt \(A=x^2-2x+1\)
Ta có: \(A=x^2-2x+1=\left(x-1\right)^2\)
Vì \(\left(x-1\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow A_{min}=0\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: \(x-1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
Vậy \(A_{min}=0\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(x=1\)
b) Ta có: \(M=x^2-3x+10\)
\(\Leftrightarrow M=\left(x^2-3x+\frac{9}{4}\right)+\frac{31}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow M=\left(x-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2+\frac{31}{4}\)
Vì \(\left(x-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)\(\Rightarrow\)\(\left(x-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2+\frac{31}{4}\ge\frac{31}{4}\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(M_{min}=\frac{31}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: \(x-\frac{3}{2}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{3}{2}\)
Vậy \(M_{min}=\frac{31}{4}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(x=\frac{3}{2}\)
Ta có: 5x2+10y2-6xy-4x-2y +3= x2 -6xy +(3y)2 +4x2 +y2 -4x -2y +3
= (x - 3y)2 +(2x)2 -4x+1+ y2 -2y+1 +1
= (x-3y)2 + (2x -1)2 + (y-1)2 +1
Ta có :(x-3y)2 luôn lớn hơn hoặc bằng 0
(2x -1)2 luôn lớn hơn hoặc bằng 0
(y-1)2 luôn lớn hơn hoặc bằng 0
=>(x-3y)2 + (2x -1)2 + (y-1)2 luôn lớn hơn hoặc bằng 0
=>(x-3y)2 + (2x -1)2 + (y-1)2 +1 >0
ta có:\(A=x^2+5y^2-4xy-2y+2x+2010\)
\(=x^2+4y^2+y^2-4xy-4y+2y+2x+1+1+2008\)
\(=\left(x^2-4xy+4y^2\right)+\left(2x-4y\right)+1+\left(y^2+2x+1\right)+2008\)
\(=\left(x-2y\right)^2+2\left(x-2y\right)+1+\left(y+1\right)^2+2008\)
\(=\left(x-2y+1\right)^2+\left(y+1\right)^2+2008\)
Vì: (x-2y+1)2+(y+1)>0 với \(\forall x;y\)
do đó: (x-2y+1)2+(y+1)+2008 > 2008 với \(\forall x;y\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x-2y+1=0 và y+1=0
ta có:
y+1=0=>y=0-1=>y=-1
thay y=-1 và x-2y+1=0
=>x-2.(-1)+1=0
=>x+2+1=0
=>x+2=-1
=>x=-1-2
=>x=-3
vậy \(A_{min}=2008\) khi x=-3 hoặc x=-1
\(A=\left(x^2+4xy+4y^2\right)+2\left(x+2y\right)+y^2-4y+12\)
\(=\left(x+2y\right)^2+2\left(x+2y\right)+1+y^2-4y+4+7\)
\(=\left(x+2y+1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2+7\ge7\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=-5;y=2\)
\(A=x^2+5y^2+4xy+2x+12\)
\(\Rightarrow A=x^2+4xy+2x+4y+4y^2+1+y^2-4y+4+7\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\left(x+2y+1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2+7\ge7\)
Vậy giá trị nhỏ nhất của biểu thức A =7
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+2y+1=0\\y-2=0\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-5\\y=2\end{cases}}\)
H=\(x^6-2x^3+x^2-2x+2\)
\(=x^6+2x^5+3x^4+2x^2-2x^5-4x^4-6x^3-4x^2-4x+x^4+2x^3+3x^2+2x+2\)
\(=x^2\left(x^4+2x^3+3x^2+2\right)-2x\left(x^4+2x^3+3x^2+2\right)+\left(x^4+2x^3+3x^2+2\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2-2x+1\right)\left(x^4+2x^3+3x^2+2\right)\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^2\left(x^2+1\right)\left(x^2+2x+2\right)\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^2\left(x^2+1\right)\left[\left(x+1\right)^2+1\right]\text{≥}0\)
Vì \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-1\right)^2\text{≥}0\\\left(x^2+1\right)\text{≥}1\\\left(x+1\right)^2+1\text{≥}1\end{matrix}\right.\)
⇒ MinH=0 ⇔ \(x=1\)
\(-x^2+4xy-5y^2-8y-18\)
\(=-\left(x^2-4xy+4y\right)-\left(y^2+8y+16\right)-2\)
\(=-\left(x+2y\right)^2-\left(y+4\right)^2-2\)
Vì \(-\left(x+2y\right)^2\le0;-\left(y+4\right)^2\le\forall x;y\)
\(\Rightarrow-\left(x+2y\right)^2-\left(y+4\right)^2-2< 0\forall x;y\)
\(\Rightarrow dpcm\)
a) \(-x^2+4xy-5y^2-8y-18=-\left(x^2-4xy+5y^2+8y+18\right)\)
\(=-\left[\left(x^2-4xy+4y^2\right)+\left(y^2+8y+16\right)+2\right]\)
\(=-\left[\left(x-2y\right)^2+\left(y+4\right)^2+2\right]\)
Vì \(\left(x-2y\right)^2\ge0\forall x,y\); \(\left(y+4\right)^2\ge0\forall y\); \(2>0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-2y\right)^2+\left(y+4\right)^2+2>0\)
\(\Rightarrow-\left[\left(x-2y\right)^2+\left(y+4\right)^2+2\right]< 0\)
\(\Rightarrow-x^2+4xy-5y^2-8y-18\)luôn âm với mọi x ( đpcm )
\(M=x^2+5y^2-4xy+2x-8y+2021\)
\(=\left(x^2-4xy+4y^2\right)+2\left(x-2y\right)+1+\left(y^2-4y+4\right)+2016\)
\(=\left(x-2y+1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2+2016\ge2016\)
Vậy GTNN của M là 2016 đạt đươc tại \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=3\\y=2\end{cases}}\)