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a) \(\begin{cases}\left(x+2\right)^2\ge0\\\left(y-\frac{1}{5}\right)^2\ge0\end{cases}\Rightarrow\left(x+2\right)^2+\left(y-\frac{1}{5}\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2\right)^2+\left(y-\frac{1}{5}\right)^2-10\ge0-10=-10\)hay \(C\ge-10\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi:
\(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x+2\right)^2=0\\\left(y-\frac{1}{5}\right)^2=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+2=0\\y-\frac{1}{5}=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}x=-2\\y=\frac{1}{5}\end{cases}}}\)
Vậy GTNN C là -10 khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=-2\\y=\frac{1}{5}\end{cases}.}\)
b)\(\left(2x-3\right)^2\ge0\Rightarrow\left(2x-3\right)^2+5\ge0+5=5\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{4}{\left(2x-3\right)^2-5}\le\frac{4}{5}\Leftrightarrow D\le\frac{4}{5}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi:
\(\left(2x-3\right)^2=0\Rightarrow2x-3=0\Rightarrow2x=3\Rightarrow x=\frac{3}{2}\)
Vậy GTLN D là \(\frac{4}{5}\)khi \(x=\frac{3}{2}.\)
Bài 1:
|\(x\)| = 1 ⇒ \(x\) \(\in\) {-\(\dfrac{1}{3}\); \(\dfrac{1}{3}\)}
A(-1) = 2(-\(\dfrac{1}{3}\))2 - 3.(-\(\dfrac{1}{3}\)) + 5
A(-1) = \(\dfrac{2}{9}\) + 1 + 5
A (-1) = \(\dfrac{56}{9}\)
A(1) = 2.(\(\dfrac{1}{3}\) )2- \(\dfrac{1}{3}\).3 + 5
A(1) = \(\dfrac{2}{9}\) - 1 + 5
A(1) = \(\dfrac{38}{9}\)
|y| = 1 ⇒ y \(\in\) {-1; 1}
⇒ (\(x;y\)) = (-\(\dfrac{1}{3}\); -1); (-\(\dfrac{1}{3}\); 1); (\(\dfrac{1}{3};-1\)); (\(\dfrac{1}{3};1\))
B(-\(\dfrac{1}{3}\);-1) = 2.(-\(\dfrac{1}{3}\))2 - 3.(-\(\dfrac{1}{3}\)).(-1) + (-1)2
B(-\(\dfrac{1}{3}\); -1) = \(\dfrac{2}{9}\) - 1 + 1
B(-\(\dfrac{1}{3}\); -1) = \(\dfrac{2}{9}\)
B(-\(\dfrac{1}{3}\); 1) = 2.(-\(\dfrac{1}{3}\))2 - 3.(-\(\dfrac{1}{3}\)).1 + 12
B(-\(\dfrac{1}{3};1\)) = \(\dfrac{2}{9}\) + 1 + 1
B(-\(\dfrac{1}{3}\); 1) = \(\dfrac{20}{9}\)
B(\(\dfrac{1}{3};-1\)) = 2.(\(\dfrac{1}{3}\))2 - 3.(\(\dfrac{1}{3}\)).(-1) + (-1)2
B(\(\dfrac{1}{3}\); -1) = \(\dfrac{2}{9}\) + 1 + 1
B(\(\dfrac{1}{3}\); -1) = \(\dfrac{20}{9}\)
B(\(\dfrac{1}{3}\); 1) = 2.(\(\dfrac{1}{3}\))2 - 3.(\(\dfrac{1}{3}\)).1 + (1)2
B(\(\dfrac{1}{3}\); 1) = \(\dfrac{2}{9}\) - 1 + 1
B(\(\dfrac{1}{3}\);1) = \(\dfrac{2}{9}\)
1) |x|=x+2
=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=x+2\\x=-x-2\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}0=2\left(voli\right)\\2x=-2\Rightarrow x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
vậy x=-1
c;b tương tự
2) \(\left|x-\dfrac{3}{2}\right|=\left|\dfrac{5}{2}-x\right|\)
=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-\dfrac{3}{2}=\dfrac{5}{2}-x\\x-\dfrac{3}{2}=x-\dfrac{5}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x=4\Rightarrow x=2\\0=-1\left(voli\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
vậy x=2
\(a,C=\left|\dfrac{1}{3}x+4\right|+1\dfrac{2}{3}\)
Ta có \(\left|\dfrac{1}{3}x+4\right|\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|\dfrac{1}{3}x+4\right|+1\dfrac{2}{3}\ge1\dfrac{2}{3}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left|\dfrac{1}{3}x+4\right|=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{3}x+4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{3}x=0-4=-4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=-4:\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=-12\)
Vậy \(\min\limits_C=1\dfrac{2}{3}\Leftrightarrow x=-12\)
\(b,D=\left|x-6\right|+\left|x+\dfrac{5}{4}\right|\)
Ta có : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left|x-6\right|\ge-x+6\\\left|x+\dfrac{5}{4}\right|\ge x+\dfrac{5}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|x-6\right|+\left|x+\dfrac{5}{4}\right|\ge-x+6+x+\dfrac{5}{4}=\dfrac{29}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-x+6\ge0\\x+\dfrac{5}{4}\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\le6\\x\ge-\dfrac{5}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(\min\limits_D=\dfrac{29}{4}\Leftrightarrow-\dfrac{5}{4}\le x\le6\)
b) \(D=\left|x-6\right|+\left|x+\dfrac{5}{4}\right|\)
\(D=\left|6-x\right|+\left|x+\dfrac{5}{4}\right|\ge\left|6-x+x+\dfrac{5}{4}\right|=\dfrac{29}{4}\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi \(\left(6-x\right)\left(x+\dfrac{5}{4}\right)\ge0\Leftrightarrow-\dfrac{5}{4}\le x\le6\)
vậy \(D_{min}=\dfrac{29}{4}\) khi \(-\dfrac{5}{4}\le x\le6\)
a. Ta có : \(A=\frac{8x^2-9}{x^2+3}=\frac{8x^2+24-33}{x^2+3}=8-\frac{33}{x^2+3}\)
Để Amin thì \(\frac{33}{x^2+3}_{max}\) mà \(\frac{33}{x^2+3}\le11\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x^2+3=3\Leftrightarrow x=0\)
Vậy Amin = 8 - 11 = - 3 <=> x = 0
b. Ta có : \(B=\frac{3x^2-6x+40}{x^2-2x+5}=\frac{3\left(x^2-2x+5\right)+25}{x^2-2x+5}=3+\frac{25}{x^2-2x+5}\)
Để Bmax thì \(\frac{25}{x^2-2x+5}=\frac{25}{\left(x-1\right)^2+4}_{max}\)
mà \(\frac{25}{\left(x-1\right)^2+4}\le\frac{25}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2+4=4\Leftrightarrow x-1=0\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
Vậy Bmax \(=3+\frac{25}{4}=\frac{37}{4}\) <=> x = 1
bài 2:
Gọi phân số cần tìm là \(\frac{7}{x}\)(x≠0)
Ta có: \(-\frac{9}{10}< \frac{7}{x}< -\frac{9}{11}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{63}{-70}< \frac{63}{9x}< \frac{63}{-77}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-77< 9x< -70\)
Vì 9x là bội của 9 và trong dãy số nguyên từ -77 tới -70 chỉ có số -72 là bội của 9 nên 9x=-72
hay x=-8
Vậy: phân số cần tìm là \(\frac{7}{-8}\)
Bài 3:
A=|x+1|+5
Ta có: \(\left|x+1\right|\ge0\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|x+1\right|+5\ge5\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi
\(\left|x+1\right|=0\Leftrightarrow x+1=0\Leftrightarrow x=-1\)
Vậy: Giá trị nhỏ nhất của đa thức A=|x+1|+5 là 5 khi x=-1
b) Ta có: \(B=\frac{x^2+15}{x^2+3}\)
\(=\frac{x^2+3+12}{x^2+3}=1+\frac{12}{x^2+3}\)
Ta có: \(x^2\ge0\forall x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+3\ge3\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x^2+3}\le\frac{1}{3}\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{12}{x+3}\le4\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow1+\frac{12}{x+3}\le5\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi
\(\frac{12}{x+3}=4\Leftrightarrow x+3=\frac{12}{4}=3\)\(\Leftrightarrow x=3-3=0\)
Vậy: giá trị lớn nhất của biểu thức \(B=\frac{x^2+15}{x^2+3}\) là 5 khi x=0