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a: Đặt |x-6|=a, |y+1|=b
Theo đề, ta có hệ phương trình:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2a+3b=5\\5a-4b=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=1\\b=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>|x-6|=1 và |y+1|=1
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\in\left\{7;5\right\}\\y\in\left\{0;-2\right\}\end{matrix}\right.\)
b: Đặt |x+y|=a, |x-y|=b
Theo đề, ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2a-b=19\\3a+2b=17\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\dfrac{55}{7}\\b=-\dfrac{23}{7}\left(loại\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>HPTVN
c: Đặt |x+y|=a, |x-y|=b
Theo đề ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4a+3b=8\\3a-5b=6\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=2\\b=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>|x+y|=2 và x=y
=>|2x|=2 và x=y
=>x=y=1 hoặc x=y=-1
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1)Điều kiện: \(x + y > 0\)\((1) \Leftrightarrow (x + y)^2 - 2xy + \dfrac{2xy}{x + y} - 1 = 0 \\ \Leftrightarrow (x + y)^3 - 2xy(x + y) + 2xy -(x + y) = 0 \\ \Leftrightarrow (x+y)[(x+y)^2- 1]-2xy(x+y-1)=0 \\ \Leftrightarrow (x+y)(x+y+1)(x+y-1)-2xy(x+y-1)=0 \\ \Leftrightarrow (x + y - 1)[(x+y)(x + y + 1)-2xy] = 0 \\ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{matrix}x + y = 1 \,\, (3) \\ x^2+y^2+x+y=0 \,\, (4) \end{matrix} \right.\)(4) vô nghiệm vì x + y > 0
Thế (3) vào (2) , giải được nghiệm của hệ :\((x =1 ; y = 0)\)và \((x = -2 ; y = 3)\)
\((1)\Leftrightarrow (x-2y)+(2x^3-4x^2y)+(xy^2-2y^3)=0\)\(\Leftrightarrow (x-2y)(1+2x^2+y^2)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=2y\)(vì \(1+2x^2+y^2>0, \forall x,y\))
Thay vào phương trình (2) giải dễ dàng.
b)\(\sqrt{5x^2+2xy+2y^2}+\sqrt{2x^2+2xy+5y^2}=3\left(x+y\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\sqrt{5x^2+2xy+2y^2}+\sqrt{2x^2+2xy+5y^2}\right)^2=\left(3\left(x+y\right)\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(5x^2+2xy+2y^2\right)\left(2x^2+2xy+5y^2\right)}=x^2+7xy+y^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(5x^2+2xy+2y^2\right)\left(2x^2+2xy+5y^2\right)=\left(x^2+7xy+y^2\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow9\left(x-y\right)^2\left(x+y\right)^2=0\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=y\\x=-y\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\rightarrow\left(x;y\right)\in\left\{\left(0;0\right),\left(1;1\right)\right\}\)
a/ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-1\right)^2\ge0\\\left(y-5\right)^2\ge0\\\left(x-y+4\right)^2\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-5\right)^2+\left(x-y+4\right)^2\ge0\)
\(A_{min}=0\) khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
b/ \(B=x^2y^2-6xy+9+x^2+4x+4-16\)
\(B=\left(xy-3\right)^2+\left(x+2\right)^2-16\ge-16\)
\(B_{min}=-16\) khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\y=-\frac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
c/ \(C=x^2+\frac{y^2}{4}+16+xy+8x+4y+\frac{59}{4}y^2-3y+2001\)
\(C=\left(x+\frac{y}{2}+4\right)^2+\frac{59}{4}\left(y-\frac{6}{59}\right)^2+\frac{118050}{59}\ge\frac{118050}{59}\)
\(C_{min}=\frac{118050}{59}\)
d/ \(D=\left(x^2-2x\right)\left(y^2+6y\right)+12\left(x^2-2x\right)+3\left(y^2+6y\right)+36\)
\(=\left(x^2-2x\right)\left(y^2+6y+12\right)+3\left(y^2+6y+12\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2-2x+3\right)\left(y^2+6y+12\right)\)
\(=\left[\left(x-1\right)^2+2\right]\left[\left(y+3\right)^2+3\right]\ge2.3=6\)
\(D_{min}=6\)
e/ \(E=a^2+\frac{b^2}{4}+\frac{9}{4}+ab-3a-\frac{3b}{2}+\frac{3b^2}{4}-\frac{3b}{2}+2014-\frac{9}{4}\)
\(=\left(a+\frac{b}{2}-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\left(y-1\right)^2+2011\ge2011\)
\(E_{min}=2011\)