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\(xy+xz+yz=xyz\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=1\)
bây giờ ta đi chứng minh bđt phụ:
với \(a_1;a_2;...;a_8>0\) ta có: \(a_1+a_2+...+a_8\ge8\sqrt[8]{a_1a_2...a_8}\)(Cô si)
\(\frac{1}{a_1}+\frac{1}{a_2}+...+\frac{1}{a_8}\ge8\sqrt[8]{\frac{1}{a_1a_2...a_8}}\)
Nhân vế với vế ta đc:
\(\left(a_1+a_2+...+a_8\right)\left(\frac{1}{a_1}+\frac{1}{a_2}+...+\frac{1}{a_8}\right)\ge64\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a_1}+\frac{1}{a_2}+...+\frac{1}{a_8}\ge\frac{64}{a_1+a_2+...+a_8}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a1=a2=..=a8
a/d bđt trên ta có:
\(\frac{64}{4x+3y+z}=\frac{64}{x+x+x+x+y+y+y+z}\le\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\)
a/d tương tự với 2 cái còn lại rồi cộng vế với vế ; thay tổng 1/x+1/y+1/z=1 là xong nhé
\(xy+yz+zx-xyz=1-x-y-z+xy+yz+zx-xyz\)
\(=\left(1-x\right)-y\left(1-x\right)-z\left(1-x\right)+yz\left(1-x\right)\)
\(=\left(1-x\right)\left(1-y-z+yz\right)=\left(1-x\right)\left(1-y\right)\left(1-z\right)\)
\(xy+yz+zx+xyz+2=1+x+y+z+xy+yz+zx+xyz\)
\(=\left(1+x\right)+y\left(1+x\right)+z\left(1+x\right)+yz\left(1+x\right)\)
\(=\left(1+x\right)\left(1+y\right)\left(1+z\right)\)
\(1+x+y+z=1+1\Rightarrow1+x=\left(1-y\right)+\left(1-z\right)\ge2\sqrt{\left(1-y\right)\left(1-z\right)}\)
Tương tự ta cũng có: \(1+y\ge2\sqrt{\left(1-z\right)\left(1-x\right)}\)
\(1+z\ge2\sqrt{\left(1-x\right)\left(1-y\right)}\)
Vậy \(S\le\frac{\left(1-x\right)\left(1-y\right)\left(1-z\right)}{8\left(1-x\right)\left(1-y\right)\left(1-z\right)}=\frac{1}{8}\)
Ta có: \(P=\frac{\sqrt{x}}{1+x+xy}+\frac{\sqrt{y}}{1+y+yz}+\frac{\sqrt{z}}{1+z+xz}\)
\(P=\frac{\sqrt{x}}{xy+x+1}+\frac{x\sqrt{y}}{x+xy+xyz}+\frac{xy\sqrt{z}}{xy+xyz+x^2yz}\)
\(P=\frac{\sqrt{x}}{xy+x+1}+\frac{x\sqrt{y}}{xy+x+1}+\frac{\sqrt{xy}.\sqrt{xyz}}{xy+x+1}\)
\(P=\frac{\sqrt{x}+x\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{xy}}{xy+x+1}\le\frac{\frac{x+1}{2}+\frac{x\left(y+1\right)}{2}+\frac{xy+1}{2}}{xy+x+1}\) (bđt cosi)
=> \(P\le\frac{x+1+xy+x+xy+1}{2\left(xy+x+1\right)}=\frac{2\left(xy+x+1\right)}{2\left(xy+x+1\right)}=1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra<=> x = y = z = 1
Vậy MaxP = 1 <=> x = y = z = 1
a) ĐKXĐ: \(x;y>0\)
Ta có:\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}=\frac{1}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{4y}{4xy}+\frac{4x}{4xy}=\frac{xy}{4xy}\)
\(\Rightarrow4x+4y-xy=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x\left(4-y\right)=-4y\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\frac{-4y}{4-y}=\frac{-4\left(y-4\right)-16}{-\left(y-4\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow x=4-\frac{16}{4-y}\)
Để x nguyên dương =>\(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{16}{4-y}< 0\\\left(4-y\right)\inƯ\left(16\right)\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow4-y\in\left\{\pm1;\pm2;\pm4;\pm8;\pm16\right\}\)
Tìm nốt y và thay vào tìm ra x
a/ \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}=\frac{1}{4}\)
Không mất tính tổng quát giả sử: \(x\ge y\)
\(\frac{1}{4}=\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\le\frac{2}{y}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow0< y\le8\)
\(\Rightarrow y=\left\{1;2;3;4;5;6;7;8\right\}\)làm nốt
Ta có \(\frac{x+2xy+1}{x+xy+xz+1}=\frac{x+2xy+xyz}{x+xy+xz+xyz}=\frac{1+2y+yz}{\left(y+1\right)\left(z+1\right)}\)
Tương tự => \(M=\frac{1+2y+yz}{\left(y+1\right)\left(z+1\right)}+\frac{1+2z+zx}{\left(1+x\right)\left(z+1\right)}+\frac{1+2x+xy}{\left(1+x\right)\left(y+1\right)}\)
=> \(M=\frac{\left(1+2y+yz\right)\left(1+x\right)+\left(1+2z+zx\right)\left(1+y\right)+\left(1+2x+xy\right)\left(1+z\right)}{\left(1+x\right)\left(1+y\right)\left(1+z\right)}\)
=>\(M=\frac{6+3\left(x+y+z\right)+3\left(xy+yz+xz\right)}{2+\left(x+y+z\right)+\left(xy+yz+xz\right)}=3\)
Ta có \(\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}=\sqrt{xyz}\left(x,y,z>0\right)\).
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{y}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{z}}=1\).
\(P=\frac{1}{xyz}\left(x\sqrt{2y^2+yz+2z^2}+y\sqrt{2z^2+xz+2x^2}+z\sqrt{2x^2+xy+y^2}\right)\)\(\left(x,y,z>0\right)\).
Ta có:
\(\sqrt{2y^2+2yz+2z^2}=\sqrt{\frac{5}{4}\left(y^2+2yz+z^2\right)+\frac{3}{4}\left(y^2-2yz+z^2\right)}\)
\(=\sqrt{\frac{5}{4}\left(y+z\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\left(y-z\right)^2}\).
Ta có:
\(\frac{3}{4}\left(y-z\right)^2\ge0\forall y;z>0\).
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{3}{4}\left(y-z\right)^2+\frac{5}{4}\left(y+z\right)^2\ge\frac{5}{4}\left(y+z\right)^2\forall y;z>0\).
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{\frac{3}{4}\left(y-z\right)^2+\frac{5}{4}\left(y+z\right)^2}\ge\frac{\sqrt{5}}{2}\left(y+z\right)\forall y,z>0\).
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2y^2+yz+2z^2}\ge\frac{\sqrt{5}}{2}\left(y+z\right)\forall y;z>0\).
\(\Leftrightarrow x\sqrt{2y^2+yz+2z^2}\ge\frac{\sqrt{5}}{2}x\left(y+z\right)\forall x;y;z>0\left(1\right)\).
Chứng minh tương tự, ta được:
\(y\sqrt{2x^2+xz+2z^2}\ge\frac{\sqrt{5}}{2}y\left(x+z\right)\forall x;y;z>0\left(2\right)\).
Chứng minh tương tự, ta được:
\(z\sqrt{2x^2+xy+2y^2}\ge\frac{\sqrt{5}}{2}z\left(x+y\right)\forall x;y;z>0\left(3\right)\).
Từ \(\left(1\right),\left(2\right),\left(3\right)\), ta được:
\(x\sqrt{2y^2+yz+2z^2}+y\sqrt{2z^2+xz+2x^2}+z\sqrt{2x^2+xy+2y^2}\)\(\ge\)\(\frac{\sqrt{5}}{2}\left[x\left(y+z\right)+y\left(x+z\right)+z\left(x+y\right)\right]=\sqrt{5}\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\).
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{xyz}\left(x\sqrt{2y^2+yz+z^2}+y\sqrt{2z^2+zx+2x^2}+z\sqrt{2x^2+xy+2y^2}\right)\)\(\ge\)\(\frac{\sqrt{5}\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}{xyz}=\sqrt{5}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\).
\(\Leftrightarrow P\ge\frac{\sqrt{5}}{3}.3\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)=\frac{\sqrt{5}}{3}\left(1^2+1^2+1^2\right)\left[\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{y}}\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{z}}\right)^2\right]\)
\(\left(4\right)\).
Vì \(x,y,z>0\)nên áp dụng bất đẳng thức Bu-nhi-a-cốp-xki, ta được:
\(\left(1^2+1^2+1^2\right)\left[\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{y}}\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{z}}\right)^2\right]\ge\)\(\left(1.\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}+1.\frac{1}{\sqrt{y}}+1.\frac{1}{\sqrt{z}}\right)^2\).
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(1^2+1^2+1^2\right)\left[\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{y}}\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{z}}\right)^2\right]\ge\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{y}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{z}}\right)^2=1^2=1\)
(vì\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{y}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{z}}=1\)).
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\sqrt{5}}{3}\left(1^2+1^2+1^2\right)\left[\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{y}}\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{z}}\right)^2\right]\ge\frac{\sqrt{5}}{3}\)\(\left(5\right)\).
Từ \(\left(4\right)\)và \(\left(5\right)\), ta được:
\(P\ge\frac{\sqrt{5}}{3}\).
Dấu bằng xảy ra.
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=y=z>0\\\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}=\sqrt{xyz}\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=9\).
Vậy \(minP=\frac{\sqrt{5}}{3}\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=9\).
chia cả 2 vế của giả thiết cho xyz rồi đặt 1/x ; 1/y ; 1/z => a ; b ; c
đến đây thì tự làm tiếp đi
Có \(\frac{xyz+x+z}{yz+1}=\frac{2012}{212}\) <=> \(\frac{x\left(yz+1\right)+z}{yz+1}=\frac{2012}{212}\)
<=> \(x+\frac{z}{yz+1}=\frac{503}{53}\)
<=> \(x+\frac{1}{\frac{yz+1}{z}}=\frac{503}{53}\)
<=> \(x+\frac{1}{y+\frac{1}{z}}=9+\frac{1}{2+\frac{1}{26}}\)
Vì PT trên chỉ có duy nhất và x,y,z nguyên dương
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=9\\y=2\\x=26\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy (x,y,z) \(\in\left\{\left(9,2,26\right)\right\}\)