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a) Ta có: \(2x^2+2x+3=\left(\sqrt{2}x\right)^2+2.\sqrt{2}x.\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{5}{2}\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{2}x+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\right)^2+\frac{5}{2}\ge\frac{5}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow S\le\frac{3}{\frac{5}{2}}=\frac{6}{5}\)
Vậy \(S_{max}=\frac{6}{5}\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2}x+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}=0\Leftrightarrow x=-\frac{1}{2}\)
b) Ta có: \(3x^2+4x+15=\left(\sqrt{3}x\right)^2+2.\sqrt{3}x.\frac{2}{\sqrt{3}}+\frac{4}{3}+\frac{41}{3}\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{3}x+\frac{2}{\sqrt{3}}\right)^2+\frac{41}{3}\ge\frac{41}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow T\le\frac{5}{\frac{41}{3}}=\frac{15}{41}\)
Vậy \(T_{max}=\frac{15}{41}\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{3}x+\frac{2}{\sqrt{3}}=0\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{-2}{3}\)
c) Ta có: \(-x^2+2x-2=-\left(x^2-2x+1\right)-1\)
\(=-\left(x-1\right)^2-1\le-1\)
\(\Rightarrow V\ge\frac{1}{-1}=-1\)
Vậy \(V_{min}=-1\Leftrightarrow x-1=0\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
d) Ta có: \(-4x^2+8x-5=-\left(4x^2-8x+5\right)\)
\(=-\left(4x^2-8x+4\right)-1\)
\(=-\left(2x-2\right)^2-1\le-1\)
\(\Rightarrow X\ge\frac{2}{-1}=-2\)
Vậy \(X_{min}=-2\Leftrightarrow2x-2=0\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
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Ta có: 4x2 + 12xy + 10y2 + 4x + 4y + 2 = 0
<=> (4x2 + 12xy + 9y2) + 2(2x + 3y) + 1 + (y2 - 2y + 1) = 0
<=> (2x + 3y)2 + 2(2x + 3y) + 1 + (y - 1)2 = 0
<=> (2x + 3y + 1)2 + (y - 1)2 = 0
<=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}2x+3y+1=0\\y-1=0\end{cases}}\)
<=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=-\frac{1+3y}{2}\\y=1\end{cases}}\)
<=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=-2\\y=1\end{cases}}\)(tm)
Khi đó: P = \(\frac{x^2+y^2+xy}{3xy}=\frac{\left(-2\right)^2+1^2-2.1}{3.\left(-2\right).1}=-\frac{1}{2}\)
Bài 7
\(a,A=x^2-2x+5\)
\(=\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+4\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^2+4\ge4\forall x\)
GTNN \(A=4\) khi \(\left(x-1\right)^2=0\Rightarrow x=1\)
\(b,B=x^2-x+1\)
\(=\left(x^2-2\cdot\frac{1}{2}x+\frac{1}{4}\right)+\frac{3}{4}\)
\(=\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\ge\frac{3}{4}\forall x\)
\(c,C=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x+6\right)\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+6\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+5x-6\right)\left(x^2+5x+6\right)\)
Đặt \(x^2+5x=t\)
\(\Rightarrow C=\left(t-6\right)\left(t+6\right)\)
\(=t^2-36\)
\(\left(x^2+5x\right)^2-36\ge36\forall x\)
\(d,D=x^2+5y^2-2xy+4y-3\)
\(=\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+\left(4y^2+4y+1\right)-4\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(2y+1\right)^2-4\ge-4\)
Ta có: \(x^2+4x+9=\left(x^2+2.x.2+2^2\right)+5\)
\(=\left(x+2\right)^2+5\)
Vì \(\left(x+2\right)^2\ge0\) với mọi x
=> \(\left(x+2\right)^2+5\)\(\ge5\)
hay: \(x^2+4x+9\)\(\ge5\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x = -2
Vậy: Min \(x^2+4x+9\)= 5 <=> x = -2
\(x^2+4x+9=\left(x^2+4x+4\right)+5\)
\(=\left(x+2\right)^2+5\ge5\)
(Dấu "="\(\Leftrightarrow x+2=0\Leftrightarrow x=-2\))
Đặt \(A=x^2+4x+9\)
\(\Rightarrow A=x^2+4x+4+5=\left(x+2\right)^2+5\)
Vì \(\left(x+2\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)\(\Rightarrow A\ge5\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x+2=0\)\(\Leftrightarrow x=-2\)
Vậy \(minA=5\Leftrightarrow x=-2\)
\(H=x^2+4x+9\)
\(H=x^2+4x+4+5\)
\(H=\left(x+2\right)^2+5\ge5\) vì \(\left(x+2\right)^2\ge0,\forall x\inℝ\)
\(\Rightarrow Min_A=5\Leftrightarrow x+2=0\Leftrightarrow x=-2\)
Vậy: \(Min_A=5\Leftrightarrow x=-2\)
a)\(A=4x^2+4x+11\)
\(=4x^2+4x+1+10\)
\(=\left(2x+1\right)^2+10\ge10\)
Dấu = khi \(x=\frac{-1}{2}\)
Vậy MinA=10 khi \(x=\frac{-1}{2}\)
b)\(B=3x^2-6x+1\)
\(=3x^2-6x+3-2\)
\(=3\left(x^2-2x+1\right)-2\)
\(=3\left(x-1\right)^2-2\ge-2\)
Dấu = khi \(x=1\)
Vậy MinB=-2 khi \(x=1\)
c)\(C=x^2-2x+y^2-4y+6\)
\(=\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+\left(y^2-4y+4\right)+1\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2+1\ge1\)
Dấu = khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=-2\end{cases}}\)
Vậy MinC=1 khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=-2\end{cases}}\)