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a) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+3y=5\\4x-5y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4x+6y=10\\4x-5y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+3y=5\\11y=9\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+3\cdot\dfrac{9}{11}=5\\y=\dfrac{9}{11}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+\dfrac{27}{11}=5\\y=\dfrac{9}{11}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x=\dfrac{28}{11}\\y=\dfrac{9}{11}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{14}{11}\\y=\dfrac{9}{11}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: \(x=\dfrac{14}{11};y=\dfrac{9}{11}\)
\(2x^2+3y^2+4z^2=21\Rightarrow2x^2\le21-3.1^2-4.1^2=14\)
\(\Rightarrow x\le\sqrt{7}\)
Tương tự ta có \(y\le\sqrt{5}\) và \(z\le2\)
Do đó:
\(\left(z-1\right)\left(z-2\right)\le0\Rightarrow z^2+2\le3z\Rightarrow4z^2+8\le12z\) (1)
\(\left(x-1\right)\left(2x-10\right)\le0\Rightarrow2x^2+10\le12x\) (2)
\(\left(y-1\right)\left(3y-9\right)\le0\Leftrightarrow3y^2+9\le12y\) (3)
Cộng vế (1);(2) và (3):
\(\Rightarrow12\left(x+y+z\right)\ge2x^2+3y^2+4z^2+27\ge48\)
\(\Rightarrow x+y+z\ge4\)
\(M_{min}=4\) khi \(\left(x;y;z\right)=\left(1;1;2\right)\)
Theo chứng minh ban đầu ta có: \(z\le2\Rightarrow z-2\le0\)
Theo giả thiết \(z\ge1\Rightarrow z-1\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(z-1\right)\left(z-2\right)\le0\)
Tương tự: \(x< \sqrt{5}< 5\Rightarrow x-5< 0\Rightarrow2x-10< 0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(2x-10\right)\le0\)
y cũng như vậy
Giả thiết tương đương \(\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2+\left(z-3\right)^2=29\).
Áp dụng bđt Cauchy - Schwarz ta có:
\(\left(2x-3y+4z-20\right)^2=\left[2\left(x-1\right)-3\left(y+2\right)+4\left(z-3\right)\right]^2\le\left(2^2+3^2+4^2\right)\left[\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2+\left(z-3\right)^2\right]=29^2\Rightarrow\left|2x-3y+4z-20\right|\le29\)
\(P=\dfrac{x^3}{2x+3y+5z}+\dfrac{y^3}{2y+3z+5x}+\dfrac{z^3}{2z+3x+5y}\)
\(P=\dfrac{x^4}{2x^2+3xy+5xz}+\dfrac{y^4}{2y^2+3yz+5xy}+\dfrac{z^4}{2z^2+3xz+5yz}\)
\(P\ge\dfrac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+8\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}\ge\dfrac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+8\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)}\)
\(P\ge\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{10}\ge\dfrac{1}{30}\)
\(P_{min}=\dfrac{1}{30}\) khi \(x=y=z=\dfrac{1}{3}\)